Chapter 25
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Transcript of Chapter 25
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Chapter 25Organic Review
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Hydrocarbon Prefixes:IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixesmethCethC-CpropC-C-CbutC-C-C-CPentC-C-C-C-ChexC-C-C-C-C-CheptC-C-C-C-C-C-CoctC-C-C-C-C-C-C-CnonC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-CdecC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-Cmosquitoseatpeoplesblood meth= 1 eth = 2 prop= 3 but = 4Memory device
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carbon4hydrogenmethyltransTrans = opposite sides of double bond.
Chemistry NotesOrganic ReviewName
Identify the word which best completes each of the following sentences.
_______ 1. All organic compounds contain the element _____.
_______ 2. Carbon can bond with a maximum of _____ other atoms.
_______ 3. A substance made up of only _____ and carbon atoms is called a hydrocarbon.
_______ 4. A CH3 group added to a hydrocarbon chain is called a(n) _____ group.
(Example: -CH2CH2CH3 is a propyl group.)
_______ 5. Is the following structure cis or trans?
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6. Define an isomer:An isomer is when the same molecular formula has different structural formulas.7. Draw the structural formula for propane.propaneprop- = 3CCCHHHHHHHH8. Draw the structural formula for ethane.ethaneeth- = 2CCHHHHHH
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9. Draw the structural formula for octane.octaneoct- = 8CCCCCCCC
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10. Draw the structural formula for Benzene.Could also be drawn as:or
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11. Draw the structural formula for: 3-methyl-2-phenyl hexane.CCCCCCC
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12. Draw the structural formula for: 1-butene.CCCC12341-butenebut- = 4ene = double bond after 1st carbon
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13. Draw the structural formula for: propyne.CCC123propyneprop- = 3yne = triple bond after 1st carbon
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14. Draw the structural formula for the two isomers of butane.butanebut- = 4isomer = different structural arrangement.CCCCCCCC2-methylpropane
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15. Draw two isomers of pentane.2,2-dimethylpropanePentane2-methylbutaneC5H12C5H12C5H12
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The other isomers have branches.
This is the only straight chain structure.
Chemistry NotesOrganic Review
16. Circle the carbon skeleton that is different from the other three?
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Find the longest chain of carbons. (Parent chain) The parent chain and the last word in the name.heptane1234567Count so branched groups get the lowest numbering.Identify substituents. (Branched groups)methylmethylmethyltrimethyl3,3,5 -
17. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
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The asymmetric carbon has different groups in each direction.
18. Which lettered carbon is the asymmetric carbon in the following compound?
A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) No asymmetric carbon is present.
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Trans isomers have groups attached to opposite sides of the double bond.
19. Circle the compound that has its substituents in the trans position?
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CCCCC}CCC
20. Draw the structural formula for the following condensed formula:
CH3CH2CH2CH3CHCH2CH2CH3