Chapter 24 and 25
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Transcript of Chapter 24 and 25
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Chapter 24 and 25Chapter 24 and 25
Sponges, Sponges, Cnidarians, Cnidarians,
Flatworms, and Flatworms, and RoundwormsRoundworms
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Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearer”)Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearer”)
~Includes all ~Includes all sponges (grantia, sponges (grantia, scypha, & scypha, & leucosolenia)leucosolenia)
Basketball sponge Cinachyra sponge
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Knob sponge
• Simplest animalsSimplest animals• AsymmetricalAsymmetrical
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Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera AquaticAquatic Sessile - can’t move Sessile - can’t move
from place to placefrom place to place Filter feedersFilter feeders
Red sponge
Volcano sponge
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Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera
Reproduce both Reproduce both sexually and…sexually and…
AsexuallyAsexually
* Regeneration – * Regeneration –
reattachreattach
* Budding - grow * Budding - grow
new spongesnew sponges
Dead man’s finger sponge
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Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera Hermaphrodites -Hermaphrodites -
produce both eggs produce both eggs and spermand sperm
Sponge dumping gametes
Phylum Porifera
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Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera Osculum - opening on some Osculum - opening on some
spongessponges Spicules - sharp, hard, needle-Spicules - sharp, hard, needle-
like structures - attachmentlike structures - attachment
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Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Cnidaria (“nettles” / tentacles)(“nettles” / tentacles)
Includes jellyfishes, corals, Includes jellyfishes, corals, sea anemones & hydrassea anemones & hydras
Brain coralJellyfishes
Green anemone
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Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria
AquaticAquatic Radial symmetryRadial symmetry
Flower pot coral
Purple anemone
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Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria
Nerve net - a simple Nerve net - a simple nervous systemnervous system
Sun coral
Torch coral
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Nematocysts - tubes in Nematocysts - tubes in tentacles - contains poisontentacles - contains poison
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Gastrovascular cavity - Gastrovascular cavity - primitive stomachprimitive stomach
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Monterey, CAMonterey, CA
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Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria Two basic body formsTwo basic body forms
Polyp - tube shaped bodyPolyp - tube shaped body Medusa - body shaped Medusa - body shaped
like an umbrellalike an umbrella
Medusa
Red cauliflower coral
Moon jelly
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Club tipped anemone
Pineapple coral
Staghorn coral
Sea anemone
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CoralsCorals
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Hydra releasing an egg
Hydra releasing sperm
Budding hydra
Reproduce:Sexually - hermaphroditesAsexually - budding
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PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHESPHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES(“flat worms”)(“flat worms”)
Includes:Includes: Tapeworms & liver flukes Tapeworms & liver flukes
(Parasitic)(Parasitic) Planarians (Free-living)Planarians (Free-living)
Bilateral symmetryBilateral symmetry
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(PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES)(PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES)
Some have eyespotsSome have eyespots Scolex - head of a Scolex - head of a
tapewormtapeworm Proglottid - body partProglottid - body part
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LIFE CYCLES: LIFE CYCLES: May involve two or more hosts.May involve two or more hosts.
(TAPEWORM LIFE CYCLE)
• Most have Most have digestive systemsdigestive systems
Exception: Exception: TapewormsTapeworms
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Life Cycle of Life Cycle of a Liverflukea Liverfluke
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PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA(“Thread” / Roundworms)(“Thread” / Roundworms)
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PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA
Includes:Includes: Ascaris (Roundworms)Ascaris (Roundworms) Pin wormsPin worms Trichina wormsTrichina worms HookwormsHookworms
The above are parasiticThe above are parasitic Most are free-livingMost are free-living
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PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA
Bilateral Bilateral symmetrysymmetry
Some are Some are hermaphroditeshermaphrodites
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LIFE CYCLE OF A LIFE CYCLE OF A ROUNDWORMROUNDWORM
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PARASITIC WORMSPARASITIC WORMS
WORMWORM HOW HOW ACQUIREDACQUIRED
INVADESINVADES
Tapeworm / Tapeworm /
RoundwormRoundworm
Eating raw meatEating raw meat IntestinesIntestines
HookwormHookworm Walking Walking barefootbarefoot
LungsLungs
Liver flukeLiver fluke Eating raw fishEating raw fish LiverLiver
Trichina wormTrichina worm Eating raw porkEating raw pork MusclesMuscles