Chapter 24 and 25
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Transcript of Chapter 24 and 25
Chapter 24 and 25Chapter 24 and 25
Sponges, Sponges, Cnidarians, Cnidarians,
Flatworms, and Flatworms, and RoundwormsRoundworms
Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearer”)Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearer”)
~Includes all ~Includes all sponges (grantia, sponges (grantia, scypha, & scypha, & leucosolenia)leucosolenia)
Basketball sponge Cinachyra sponge
Knob sponge
• Simplest animalsSimplest animals• AsymmetricalAsymmetrical
Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera AquaticAquatic Sessile - can’t move Sessile - can’t move
from place to placefrom place to place Filter feedersFilter feeders
Red sponge
Volcano sponge
Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera
Reproduce both Reproduce both sexually and…sexually and…
AsexuallyAsexually
* Regeneration – * Regeneration –
reattachreattach
* Budding - grow * Budding - grow
new spongesnew sponges
Dead man’s finger sponge
Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera Hermaphrodites -Hermaphrodites -
produce both eggs produce both eggs and spermand sperm
Sponge dumping gametes
Phylum Porifera
Phylum PoriferaPhylum Porifera Osculum - opening on some Osculum - opening on some
spongessponges Spicules - sharp, hard, needle-Spicules - sharp, hard, needle-
like structures - attachmentlike structures - attachment
Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Cnidaria (“nettles” / tentacles)(“nettles” / tentacles)
Includes jellyfishes, corals, Includes jellyfishes, corals, sea anemones & hydrassea anemones & hydras
Brain coralJellyfishes
Green anemone
Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria
AquaticAquatic Radial symmetryRadial symmetry
Flower pot coral
Purple anemone
Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria
Nerve net - a simple Nerve net - a simple nervous systemnervous system
Sun coral
Torch coral
Nematocysts - tubes in Nematocysts - tubes in tentacles - contains poisontentacles - contains poison
Gastrovascular cavity - Gastrovascular cavity - primitive stomachprimitive stomach
Monterey, CAMonterey, CA
Phylum CnidariaPhylum Cnidaria Two basic body formsTwo basic body forms
Polyp - tube shaped bodyPolyp - tube shaped body Medusa - body shaped Medusa - body shaped
like an umbrellalike an umbrella
Medusa
Red cauliflower coral
Moon jelly
Club tipped anemone
Pineapple coral
Staghorn coral
Sea anemone
CoralsCorals
Hydra releasing an egg
Hydra releasing sperm
Budding hydra
Reproduce:Sexually - hermaphroditesAsexually - budding
PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHESPHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES(“flat worms”)(“flat worms”)
Includes:Includes: Tapeworms & liver flukes Tapeworms & liver flukes
(Parasitic)(Parasitic) Planarians (Free-living)Planarians (Free-living)
Bilateral symmetryBilateral symmetry
(PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES)(PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES)
Some have eyespotsSome have eyespots Scolex - head of a Scolex - head of a
tapewormtapeworm Proglottid - body partProglottid - body part
LIFE CYCLES: LIFE CYCLES: May involve two or more hosts.May involve two or more hosts.
(TAPEWORM LIFE CYCLE)
• Most have Most have digestive systemsdigestive systems
Exception: Exception: TapewormsTapeworms
Life Cycle of Life Cycle of a Liverflukea Liverfluke
PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA(“Thread” / Roundworms)(“Thread” / Roundworms)
PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA
Includes:Includes: Ascaris (Roundworms)Ascaris (Roundworms) Pin wormsPin worms Trichina wormsTrichina worms HookwormsHookworms
The above are parasiticThe above are parasitic Most are free-livingMost are free-living
PHYLUM: NEMATODAPHYLUM: NEMATODA
Bilateral Bilateral symmetrysymmetry
Some are Some are hermaphroditeshermaphrodites
LIFE CYCLE OF A LIFE CYCLE OF A ROUNDWORMROUNDWORM
PARASITIC WORMSPARASITIC WORMS
WORMWORM HOW HOW ACQUIREDACQUIRED
INVADESINVADES
Tapeworm / Tapeworm /
RoundwormRoundworm
Eating raw meatEating raw meat IntestinesIntestines
HookwormHookworm Walking Walking barefootbarefoot
LungsLungs
Liver flukeLiver fluke Eating raw fishEating raw fish LiverLiver
Trichina wormTrichina worm Eating raw porkEating raw pork MusclesMuscles