Chapter 23. The term evolution is used to describe A.heritable changes in characteristics of a...
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Transcript of Chapter 23. The term evolution is used to describe A.heritable changes in characteristics of a...
The term evolution is used to describe
A. heritable changes in characteristics of a population from one generation to the next.
B. any change in an individual that can be observed.
C. changes in the number of individuals in a population due to mating.
D. the ability of an individual organism to pass on what it has learned, through experience, to the next generation. herit
able change
s in ch
ar...
any change in
an indivi
du..
change
s in th
e number of..
.
the abilit
y of a
n individua...
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Evolution, viewed on a small scale, as it relates to changes in a single gene or allele frequency in a
population over time, is called
A. macroevolution.B. speciation.C. genetic evolution.D. phenotypic
evolution.E. microevolution.
macroevolution.
specia
tion.
genetic evolution.
phenotypic
evolution.
microevolution.
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The concept of a species was proposed by
A. Charles Darwin.B. John Ray.C. Carolus Linneaus.D. Erasmus Darwin.E. George Cuvier.
Charles D
arwin.
John Ray.
Carolus L
inneaus.
Erasmus D
arwin.
George Cuvie
r.
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Peter and Rosemary Grant study natural selection in finches on the Galápagos Islands. They have hypothesized that dry condition produce larger seeds and may result in larger beaks in succeeding generations
of finches. The figure below shows their data from 1976 and 1987. The y-axis is the number of birds measured and the x-axis is the beak
depth. Does their data support their hypothesis and why?
A. yes; because there were more birds measured in 1978 after the drought, therefore they must have been able to get food and reproduce.
B. yes; because the average beak depth of birds in the population increased from 8.8mm in 1976 to 9.8mm in 1978.
C. no; because even though more birds were measured in 1978, the beak size of the upper range was smaller.
D. no; because in 1976, before the drought, the largest beak depth was still 11.3mm.
yes; beca
use th
ere w
ere...
yes; beca
use th
e avera
g...
no; beca
use even th
oug...
no; beca
use in
1976, bef..
.
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Which of the following could be classified as a "transitional form" fossil?
A. Hyracotherium, the first fossil of a horse that was found 55 mya.
B. An early amphibian tetrapod from 360 mya.C. A clam shell laying at the bottom of the ocean.D. A fossil that has all of the ancestors traits and
none of the present day animals traits.
Hyracoth
erium, th
e first ...
An early amphibian te
tr...
A clam sh
ell layin
g at t
he...
A fossi
l that h
as all o
f th...
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Participant LeadersPoints Participant Points Participant4 darth maul 3 professor x4 k1ng 3 wong3 29 2 ChadSwagHake3 Biggie Smalls 2 boob3 comethru 2 turdley3 ilovemaryjane 1 lookbehined you3 kiki3 lauren3 mccringleberry3 naww
An important message from the work of Thomas Malthus that influenced Charles Darwin was
A. animals tended toward "human perfection.“B. only a fraction of any population will survive
and reproduce.C. population size of humans can.D. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
animals
tended to
ward ...
only a frac
tion of any po...
population size
of human...
inheritance
of acq
uired ...
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Did Darwin develop his theory of evolution through experimentation or observation or
other methods?
A. Experimentation.B. Observation.C. Both experimentation and observation because
he collected samples but also worked experimentally with finches.
D. Mathematical analysis of experimental data.Exp
erimenta
tion.
Observa
tion.
Both experim
entation an...
Math
ematical a
nalysis
of...
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The result of natural selection is
A. extinction.B. catastrophism.C. adaptation.D. synthesis.
extincti
on.
catastr
ophism.
adaptation.
synth
esis.
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The Modern Synthesis of evolution is based on
A. observations of the formation of new species.B. Darwin's ideas and modern concepts of
genetics.C. experimental studies of populations
performed by Darwin.D. recent concepts of adaptation and
reproduction.obse
rvations of t
he form
...
Darwin's
ideas and m
ode..
experim
ental s
tudies o
f ...
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nt conce
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dapt...
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Some major changes that occurred in horse body size, foot anatomy and tooth morphology are hypothesized
to be due to natural selection because of ...
A. changes in global climates which resulted in changing environments from forest to grasslands.
B. changes in global climates which resulted in changing environments from grasslands to forests.
C. changing climates from dry to wet.D. changing climates from wet to dry.
change
s in global c
limat..
change
s in global c
limat..
changin
g clim
ates f
rom d..
changin
g clim
ates f
rom w
..
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Participant LeadersPoints Participant Points Participant9 darth maul 6 ilovemaryjane8 k1ng 5 297 boob 5 ChadSwagHake7 kiki 5 wong7 lauren 4 comethru7 mccringleberry 2 lookbehined you7 naww7 professor x7 turdley6 Biggie Smalls
A species that is naturally found only in a particular location is called
A. extinct.B. endemic.C. extinct due to the action of humans.D. exotic.E. transitional.
extinct.
endemic.
extinct
due to th
e action ..
exotic.
transiti
onal.
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When Darwin observed several species of finches on the Galápagos Islands had unique beak characteristics, he compared them with finch beaks on the mainland. Which of the following studies use geographic distribution of extinct and living species
to determine patterns of evolution?
A. Biology.B. Geology.C. Palentology.D. Geneology.E. Biogeography.
Biology.
Geology.
Palento
logy.
Geneology.
Biogeogra
phy.
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Cacti in the deserts of southwestern North America and some euphorbs of the deserts of Africa, have barrel-shaped stems, short-
lived leaves, and spines, yet these two types of plants are from
different evolutionary lineages. This is an example of
A. selective breeding.B. transitional forms.C. homologous traits.D. convergent evolution.
selecti
ve bre
eding.
transiti
onal form
s.
homologous traits
.
conve
rgent evo
lution.
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The long snout of the giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, of South America, and the echidna,
Tachyglossus aculeatus, of Australia, are animals of different evolutionary lineages that are both adapted to
eating ants. This is an example of
A. selective breeding.B. anatomical homology.C. analogous traits.D. artificial selection.E. Both analogous traits and
artificial selection are correct.selecti
ve bre
eding.
anatomica
l homology.
analogous t
raits
.
artificia
l selecti
on.
Both analogous t
raits an
...
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Selective breeding results from programs designed to modify traits in domesticated
species.
A. TrueB. False
True
False
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Participant LeadersPoints Participant Points Participant13 darth maul 8 ChadSwagHake12 mccringleberry 8 boob11 k1ng 7 comethru10 lauren 7 wong10 naww 6 2910 turdley 3 lookbehined you9 Biggie Smalls9 ilovemaryjane9 kiki9 professor x
English ivy (Hedera helix) and wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei) both have aerial rootlets that allow them to climb up and stick to bark on trees. As you can tell from their scientific name these plants are not
closely related, but yet they have both evolved similar morphological structures used for the same purpose. What type of evolution is this?
A. Analogous.B. Convergent.C. Radial.D. Bivalent.E. Both analogous and convergent.
Analogous.
Converg
ent.
Radial.
Bivalent.
Both analogous a
nd con...
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You are all excited because you just purchased a male guppy that has red, blue and green colors on its fins and tail. Your guppies at home do
not have this combination of colors. You place the new male in with three females for mating purposes. After three weeks you have many new baby guppies and most of them have the new color combination.
This is an example of which type of selection?
A. Natural.B. Environmental.C. Analogous.D. Convergent.E. Artificial.
Natural.
Environmenta
l.
Analogous.
Converg
ent.
Artificia
l.
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The underlying phenomenon that makes selective breeding or artificial selection possible is genetic
variation. It is possible to have phenotypic variation in natural populations because of.
A. artificial selection.B. gene inversion.C. differences in alleles for a specific trait.D. similarity in alleles for a specific trait.E. both artificial selection and gene inversion.
artificia
l selecti
on.
gene inversi
on.
difference
s in alle
les for .
..
simila
rity in
alleles f
or a ...
both arti
ficial se
lection a.
.
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Fundamental similarity due to descent from a common ancestor is called
A. homology.B. analogy.C. commonality.D. convergence.E. analogy and
convergence are correct.
homology.
analogy.
commonali
ty.
conve
rgence.
analogy and co
nvergence...
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When observing the skeleton of a snake, you see the remains of hip and hind leg bones associated
with four legged animals. These bones are called ...
A. convergent traits.B. analogous structures.C. vestigial structures.D. homologous structures.E. both homologous and analogous
structures.co
nvergent t
raits
.
analogous s
tructu
res.
vestigia
l stru
cture
s.
homologous stru
cture
s.
both homologous a
nd an...
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