Chapter 22 Water Pollution - Lilies
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Transcript of Chapter 22 Water Pollution - Lilies
Chapter 22 Water Pollution - Lilies
Point Vs. Nonpoint
• Point source pollution
• Nonpoint source pollution
Point Vs Non-Point
Types of Water Pollution
8 types of pollutants1. Sediment2. Thermal Pollutants3. Algal and inorganic plant nutrients4. Disease causing agents5. Sewage6. Organic compounds7. Inorganic compounds8. Radioactive substances
Sedimentation
Sedimentation
Sediment Pollution
High sediment load
Water Born DiseasesProtozoan: Amoebiasis, Cryptosporidia, GiardiaParasitic: Schistosomiasis (snail) & Dracunculiasis (Guniea Worm)Bacterial: Cholera, Botulism, E. Coli, Typhoid, Diarrhea
Cholera •Acute watery diarrhea that can lead to death by severe dehydration and kidney failure. •Two hours to five days - incubation•Explosive outbreaks•75% asymptomatic but Pathogens in feces for 7 to 14 days.•Unlike other diarrheal diseases, it can kill healthy adults within hours. •Original reservoir was the Ganges •Six pandemics were recorded that killed millions of people across Europe, Africa and the Americas.
Giardia - diarrhea
Guinea Worm
Guinea Worm• 3 foot long parasitic worm
•Water flea carries larvae of the Guinea worm
•Immature worms pierce the intestinal wall, grow to adulthood, and mate. Males die, females make their way most often to the lower limbs.
•The worms cause swelling and painful, burning blisters. Sufferers tend to go into the water for relief, where the blisters burst freeing thousands of young larvae who find water fleas.
Escherichia ColiThe cattle spread E. coli 0157:H7 by defecating and drooling in sharedwater troughs.
In June of 1998, Georgia health officials were notified that a number of children had become ill with E. coli O157:H7 infections and were hospitalized in Atlanta-area hospitals. Public health investigators interviewed victims’ families and learned that all had become ill after visiting the White Water Water Park.
BOD
Effect of sewage on dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand- River
Dead Zone
Inorganic Plant and Algal Nutrients
The Dead Zone in the Gulf of Mexico
Dead Zone
2008 - 8K/Sq. Miles2009 – 3K/Sq. Miles
Dead Zone
Types of Water Pollution
Eutrophication: An Enrichment Problem
Oligotrophic lake
Types of Water Pollution
Eutrophication: An Enrichment Problem
Eutrophic lake
Persistent Organic Pollutants
Dioxins - Formed during combustion of trash, forest fires, and some industrial processes such as paper pulp bleaching and herbicide manufacturing. “dirty dozen” – carcinogenic - Stockholm Convention
PCB’s - Polychlorinated biphenyls – used in the making of transformers, capacitors, and coolants (Production banned 1970’s)
Between 1947 and 1977 General Electric released 1,300,000 pounds of PCBs into the Hudson River. The PCBs came from the company's two capacitor manufacturing plants. “dirty dozen”
Saturday December 6th 2008 a number of Irish news sources reported that testing had revealed "extremely high” levels of PCBs in pork products, ranging from 80 to 200 times the EU's upper safe limit of 0.12 to 0.3 parts per billion. In 1986 the breast milk of healthy nursing mothers in the US contained between 1020 to 1770 ppb of PCBs.
BPA - Bisphenol A or BPA, is a monomer used in the making of plastics (think nalgene). (Drink Containers) Hormone mimicry – estrogen.
Cuyahoga RiverThe pollution of our waterways became a national issue in June of 1969, the day that the Cuyahoga River, flowing through Cleveland, Ohio, on its way to Lake Erie, caught on fire because it was so polluted.
The Clean Water Act 1972
Safe Drinking Water Act 1974