Chapter 20 Chapter 20 Section 1 Review Section 1 Review

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1. Describe how water 1. Describe how water temperature affects the temperature affects the

ability of the ocean ability of the ocean water to dissolve gases.water to dissolve gases.

Warmer water is less able to Warmer water is less able to dissolve gases than cooler water.dissolve gases than cooler water.

(Think of a warm vs. cold soda)(Think of a warm vs. cold soda)

2. Summarize how freezing 2. Summarize how freezing and evaporation affect and evaporation affect

salinity.salinity.

They can increase salinity. As They can increase salinity. As water freezes or evaporates the water freezes or evaporates the salts are left in the water. salts are left in the water.

3. Describe the composition 3. Describe the composition of ocean water.of ocean water.

Ocean water is a mixture of Ocean water is a mixture of water, dissolved solids (such as water, dissolved solids (such as chlorine and sodium), and gases chlorine and sodium), and gases (such as oxygen, nitrogen, and (such as oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide).carbon dioxide).

Salts in Ocean WaterSalts in Ocean Water

4. Define thermocline.4. Define thermocline.

A layer in a body of water in A layer in a body of water in which the temperature drops which the temperature drops faster with increased depth than faster with increased depth than it does in other layers.it does in other layers.

ThermoclineThermocline

5. Describe how 5. Describe how temperature and salinity temperature and salinity

affect the density of affect the density of ocean water.ocean water.

Ocean water becomes denser as Ocean water becomes denser as temperature decreases and temperature decreases and salinity increases.salinity increases.

Density vs. DepthDensity vs. Depth

6. Explain how the density 6. Explain how the density of ocean water drives the of ocean water drives the movement of deep ocean movement of deep ocean

currents.currents.

Cold, salty, dense water at the Cold, salty, dense water at the poles sinks and flows beneath poles sinks and flows beneath warmer less dense water that is warmer less dense water that is near the equator.near the equator.

Deep Ocean CurrentsDeep Ocean Currents

Ocean currents Ocean currents surface/deepsurface/deep

7. Explain why shallow 7. Explain why shallow ocean water appears to ocean water appears to

be blue in color.be blue in color.

When sunlight penetrates the When sunlight penetrates the ocean, the ocean water reflects ocean, the ocean water reflects the wavelengths of blue light and the wavelengths of blue light and absorbs all other colors.absorbs all other colors.

8. Why would surface water 8. Why would surface water in the North Sea be more in the North Sea be more likely to contain a higher likely to contain a higher percentage of dissolved percentage of dissolved gases than the surface gases than the surface water in the Caribbean water in the Caribbean

Sea?Sea? Surface waters in the North Sea Surface waters in the North Sea are colder and colder water can are colder and colder water can hold more dissolved gases than hold more dissolved gases than warmer water.warmer water.

9. If global temperatures 9. If global temperatures increase, how would this increase, how would this change affect the ability change affect the ability of oceans to absorb COof oceans to absorb CO22??

Warmer water cannot hold as Warmer water cannot hold as much dissolved gas as colder much dissolved gas as colder water so more COwater so more CO22 would would accumulate in the atmosphere.accumulate in the atmosphere.

THE END??????THE END??????