Chapter 20 Section 1 Civil Rights Movement WW2 set the stage for the civil rights movement Opened...

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Chapter 20 Section 1 Chapter 20 Section 1 Civil Rights Movement Civil Rights Movement WW2 set the stage for the civil rights WW2 set the stage for the civil rights movement movement Opened new job opportunities Opened new job opportunities One million African Americans served One million African Americans served Came home and fought to end Came home and fought to end discrimination discrimination During the war, civil rights During the war, civil rights organizations fought for voting rights organizations fought for voting rights and challenged Jim Crow laws and challenged Jim Crow laws Challenging Segregation in Court Challenging Segregation in Court

Transcript of Chapter 20 Section 1 Civil Rights Movement WW2 set the stage for the civil rights movement Opened...

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1

Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights MovementWW2 set the stage for the civil rights WW2 set the stage for the civil rights movementmovementOpened new job opportunitiesOpened new job opportunitiesOne million African Americans servedOne million African Americans servedCame home and fought to end discriminationCame home and fought to end discriminationDuring the war, civil rights organizations During the war, civil rights organizations fought for voting rights and challenged Jim fought for voting rights and challenged Jim Crow lawsCrow lawsChallenging Segregation in CourtChallenging Segregation in Court

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1Campaign led by the NAACPCampaign led by the NAACPFocused on inequality between separate Focused on inequality between separate schools that states providedschools that states providedLawyer Thurgood Marshall argued many of Lawyer Thurgood Marshall argued many of these cases and later became first African these cases and later became first African American to serve on Supreme CourtAmerican to serve on Supreme CourtThurgood won Brown v. Board of Thurgood won Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in front of Supreme Education of Topeka in front of Supreme Court which was Marshall’s most stunning Court which was Marshall’s most stunning victoryvictorySupreme Court struck down segregation in Supreme Court struck down segregation in public schools as a violation of 14th public schools as a violation of 14th amendment to be implemented “with all amendment to be implemented “with all deliberate speed”deliberate speed”Official reaction was mixed and within a Official reaction was mixed and within a year, 500 school districts had desegregatedyear, 500 school districts had desegregatedSome areas resisted and there was a Some areas resisted and there was a reappearance of the KKK while thereappearance of the KKK while theGovernor of Georgia claimed that “Georgia Governor of Georgia claimed that “Georgia will not comply”!will not comply”!

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Crisis in Little RockCrisis in Little RockState had been planning for desegregationState had been planning for desegregation

Governor Faubus ordered the National Guard to turn Governor Faubus ordered the National Guard to turn away the “Little Rock Nine”away the “Little Rock Nine”the 9 African American students who would the 9 African American students who would integrate Little Rock Central Highintegrate Little Rock Central HighA Federal judge ordered Faubus to let the students A Federal judge ordered Faubus to let the students attend the schoolattend the schoolEisenhower placed the National Guard under federal Eisenhower placed the National Guard under federal control to watch the 9 attend school, but a year later, control to watch the 9 attend school, but a year later, Faubus shut down the high schoolFaubus shut down the high school

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1Little Rock NineLittle Rock Nine

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Montgomery Bus BoycottMontgomery Bus BoycottAfrican Americans were impatient with the slow speed of African Americans were impatient with the slow speed of change and took direct actionchange and took direct action1955 – Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on bus in 1955 – Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on bus in Montgomery Alabama and was arrestedMontgomery Alabama and was arrestedJoAnn Robinson suggested a boycott of the busesJoAnn Robinson suggested a boycott of the busesLeaders of the African American community formed the Leaders of the African American community formed the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) and elected 26 yr Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) and elected 26 yr old Martin Luther King to leadold Martin Luther King to leadDr. King made a passionate speech and filled the audience with Dr. King made a passionate speech and filled the audience with a sense of missiona sense of missionAfrican Americans boycotted the buses for 381 days and filed a African Americans boycotted the buses for 381 days and filed a lawsuitlawsuit1956 – Supreme Court outlawed bus segregation1956 – Supreme Court outlawed bus segregation

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1Montgomery Bus BoycottMontgomery Bus Boycott

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1Martin Luther King, Jr.Martin Luther King, Jr.MLK called his nonviolent MLK called his nonviolent resistance “soul force”resistance “soul force”InfluencesInfluences1) Jesus – love one’s enemies1) Jesus – love one’s enemies2) Henry David Thoreau – 2) Henry David Thoreau – concept of civil disobedience concept of civil disobedience (refusal to obey an unjust law)(refusal to obey an unjust law)3) A. Philip Randolph – Use 3) A. Philip Randolph – Use massive demonstrationsmassive demonstrations4) Gandhi – non violent 4) Gandhi – non violent resistanceresistance

Chapter 20 Section 1Chapter 20 Section 1Movement SpreadsMovement SpreadsCongress of Racial Equality (CORE) Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) staged the first sit-in in 1942staged the first sit-in in 1942African Americans would sit at African Americans would sit at segregated lunch counters and refuse segregated lunch counters and refuse to leave until they were serveto leave until they were serve1960 – students in North Carolina 1960 – students in North Carolina staged a sit-in at a lunch counterstaged a sit-in at a lunch counterTelevision crews covered the protestTelevision crews covered the protestAfrican Americans were non-violent, African Americans were non-violent, but white resistance was notbut white resistance was notMovement spread across nation (sitins Movement spread across nation (sitins in 48 cities)in 48 cities)

Chapter 20 Section 1 Quiz• 1.) What did the Jim Crow laws make legal?• a.) Women’s right to vote• b.) Segregation• c.) Desegregation

• 2.) What case challenged the Jim Crow Laws?• a.) Montgomery Boycott Case• b.) Brown vs. the Board of Education• c.) Rosa Parks vs. Board of Education

• 3.) What was the lawyers name who defeated the Jim Crow Laws?

• a.) Thurgood Marshall• b.) Jim Crow• c.) Rosa Parks

• 4.) What type of protest did Rosa Parks exhibit?• a.) She refused to leave a restaurant until she

was served• b.) She was part of the Little Rock Nine• c.) She refused to give up her seat on a

segregated bus?

• 5.) Where did the Rosa Parks protest occur?• a.) Montgomery Alabama• b.) Little Rock Arkansas• c.) Topeka

• 6.) Where was discrimination the strongest?• a.) North• b.) South• c.) Midwest

• 7.) Which state refused to desegregate as a result of Brown vs. Board of Eduation?

• a.) Alabama• b.) Arkansas• c.) Georgia

• 8.) What happened to Rosa Parks after she refused to give up her seat?

• a.) She arrested• b.) She was violently removed and told to go

home• c.) She was attacked by all of the other white

people on the bus

• 9.) How did Gandhi influence Martin Luther King Jr.?

• a.) To love your enemies• b.) To disobey an unjust law• c.) To carry out protests in a non violent manner

• 10.) What did the African American do in protest to the Rosa Parks incident?

• a.) They started riots• b.) They boycotted the busses• c.) They protested violently

Chapter 20 Section 1 Quiz Con’t.• 11.) What does NAACP stand for?• a.) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People• b.) National African American Corporation of Peace• c.) National African American Core Peace makers

• 12.) What happened to the Little Rock nine?• a.) The Arkansas Governer refused to let them in.• b.) The Arkansas Governor allowed them into his school immediately• c.) The National Guard refused to follow the Arkansas Governor’s command and• allowed the nine entrance into the school.

• 13.) What did President Eisenhower do in response to Governor Faubus’ actions?• a.) He took control of the National Guard• b.) He allowed the states to make their own decisions on segregation• c.) He called off the National Guard to make sure the situation did not escalate

• 14.) What did Governor Faubus do in response to being forced to allow the nine African• Americans in his school.• a.) He retired in protest• b.) He continued to protest• c.) He closed the school

• 15.) Name one school that orchestrated a famous sit in.• a.) OSU• b.) OU• c.) North Carolina