Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air...
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Transcript of Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air...
![Page 1: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2
Weather Factors
Section 3
Winds
![Page 2: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What causes wind?
Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.
![Page 3: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What causes winds?
All winds are caused by differences in air pressure
HIGH LOW
![Page 4: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What causes these differences in pressure?
• Unequal heating of the atmosphere• Remember convection currents?• As air becomes less dense, its air
pressure decreases.
![Page 5: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Measuring Wind
• Winds are described by their direction and speed
![Page 6: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Measuring Wind
To measure wind direction: we use a wind vane
![Page 7: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Measuring Wind
To measure wind speed: we use an anemometer
![Page 8: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Wind- Chill Factor
Wind Chill Factor: Increased cooling caused by the wind
![Page 9: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Local Winds
• Local winds: winds that blow over short distances
![Page 10: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Local Winds
• Local winds are caused by unequal heating of Earth’s surface within a small area
![Page 11: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Local Winds
• Example: cool breezes blowing in from the water to the beach.
![Page 12: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Sea Breeze
• Sea Breeze: The flow of air from an ocean or lake to the land.
• Daytime!
![Page 13: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Land Breeze
• Land Breeze: The flow of air from land to a body of water.
• Night time!
![Page 14: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sea and Land Breezes
![Page 15: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Monsoons
•Monsoons: Sea and land breezes over a large region that change directions with seasons
![Page 16: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Global Winds• Global Winds: Winds that
blow steadily from specific directions over long distances
![Page 17: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Temperatures• Temperatures near the equator are
much warmer than the temperatures near the poles.
![Page 18: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Temperature differences between the equator and the poles produce giant convection currents in the atmosphere.
Global Convection Currents
![Page 19: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
This movement of air between the equator and the poles produces global winds.
Global Convection Currents
![Page 21: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Coriolis Effect: The way Earth’s
rotation makes winds curve.
The Coriolis Effect
![Page 22: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
In the Northern
HemisphereIn the Southern
Hemisphere
Global winds turn toward
the RIGHT
Global winds turn toward
the LEFT
![Page 23: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The 3 major wind belts are the:
1. trade winds 2.prevailing westerlies3. the polar easterlies.
Global Wind Belts
![Page 24: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The 2 calm areas are the:
1. Doldrums2. Horse Latitudes
Global Wind Belts
![Page 25: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• A calm area where warm air rises
• Regions near the equator with little or no
wind
Doldrums
![Page 26: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• A calm area of falling air
• Latitudes 30° north and south of the equator
Horse Latitudes
![Page 27: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Steady easterly winds which blow from the horse latitudes
toward the equator.
Trade Winds
![Page 28: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
•Winds in the mid latitudes which blow from the west to the east.
• Play an important part in the weather of the United States
Prevailing Westerlies
![Page 29: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
•Cold air near the poles which sinks and flows back toward lower latitudes.
Polar Easterlies
![Page 30: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Chapter 2 Weather Factors Section 3 Winds. What causes wind? Wind: The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062309/56649f2f5503460f94c48dfa/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Jet Streams: Bands of high-speed winds about 10
kilometers above Earth’s surface
Jet Streams