Chapter 2 Hardware Configuration and Considerations Database Processing Chapter 2.

Chapter 2

Hardware Configuration and Considerations

Database Processing

Chapter 2

Copyright © 2001 Harold Pardue, University of South Alabama Chapter 2

Some consideration for configuration

Oracle Architecture

Auguste Rodin - The Thinker(1840 - 1917)

Hmmm... Stand-alone configuration, use disk

arrays, multiple databases, networked hosts?


Stand-alone host

Page 12

• The configuration in our lab

Chapter 2

SGA

Background Processes(Server)

(Database)

Single Host

Database FilesSingle, local disk drive


Stand-alone host

Page 12

• Data files spread across multiple disks

Chapter 2

SGA


(Database)

Single Host

Data Files 02

DataFiles 01

Data Files 03

Disk 0 Disk 1 Disk 2


Stand-alone host

Page 12

• Shadowed/mirrored data files

Chapter 2

SGA


(Database)

Single Host

Data Files 02

DataFiles 01

Data Files 03


Data Files 02

DataFiles 01

Data Files 03


Each file is mirrored


Stand-alone host

Page 12

Chapter 2

SGA


(Database)

Single Host

Data Files 02

DataFiles 01

Data Files 03


Data Files 02

DataFiles 01

Data Files 03


• Shadowed/mirrored data files• What is this configuration called?

– RAID 1

• Advantages?– Backup and performance

• But shouldn’t it take twice as long to perform each write? That is, isn’t the “write penalty” 100%– No, writes are issued in parallel


Stand-alone host

Page 12

• RAID 5

Chapter 2

SGA


(Database)

Single Host


Block 0

Block 3

Parity

Block 7

Block 2

Parity

Block 5

Parity

Parity

Block 4

Block 6

Block 8


Stand-alone host

Page 12

Chapter 2

SGA


(Database)

Single Host


Block 0

Block 3

Parity

Block 7

Block 2

Parity

Block 5

Parity

Parity

Block 4

Block 6

Block 8

• RAID 5• Blocks of data file are “striped”

across multiple disks• What is parity for?

– The parity information is a derived “check value” that enables the values in a failed disk to be reconstructed.

– If drive 2 fails, the parity information on drives 0 and 3 would be used to recalculate the values (degraded mode).


Stand-alone host Chapter 2

• A stand-alone host can support multiple databases– Oracle 8i has configuration assistant– Not sure about Oracle 8



Single Host



Two databases mounted

Two instances


Networked Hosts Chapter 2

• The world is not “stand-alone”• A review of high-level networking

trends...


Mainframes Chapter 2

image source: Oracle8 Certified Professional DBA Certification Exam Guide

Hard-wired terminals initially

Emulated hard-wired terminal

Centralized


Client/Server Chapter 2


PCs, GUIs, and Ethernet technology

Decentralized

Issues: software distributionscalabilityplatform dependence


Internet Chapter 2


Centralized

Multi-tier architectures



• The database server is one of those tiers

• Net8 uses Oracle’s Transparent Substrate (TNS) protocol– Allows for remote queries and

updates

• We’ll cover it in detail in Chapter 13



• Oracle vs. SQL Server

http://www.microsoft.com/sql/techinfo/deployment/2000/MigrateOracle.asp

Chapter 2 Hardware Configuration and Considerations Database Processing Chapter 2.

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