Social Democracy, Christian Democracy, Constitutional Structure ...
Chapter 2: Constitutional Democracy
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Transcript of Chapter 2: Constitutional Democracy
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Promoting Liberty and Self-Government
CHAPTER 2: CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY
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SECTION 1: AMERICA’S POLITICAL BEGINNINGS
I. Basic Government Conceptsa) A gradual Process
b) Foundations of American Government
1) Ordered Government
2) Limited Government
3) Representative Government
II. Sovereignty of the English Colonies
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III. Early attempts at Unitya) New England Confederation
b) Albany Plan of the Union
c) Stamp Act Congress
d) 1st Continental Congress
e) 2nd Continental Congress
IV. Declaration of Independence
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SECTION 2: CREATING THE CONSTITUTION
• The Framers• Rhode Island• Vast Political Experience
• Organization & Procedure• Secrecy• GW: President of the convention• Rules
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DEBATING A NEW LEGISLATURE
• Virginia Plan• Edmund Randolph• “large state plan”
• New Jersey Plan• William Patterson• “small state plan”
• Connecticut Compromise• Current situation
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SLAVERY & THE CONSTITUTION
• 3/5 Compromise• Representation• Electoral Votes
• Commerce & Slave Trade Compromise• International Slave Trade 1808
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SECTION 3: RATIFYING THE CONSTITUTION & PRINCIPLES OF THE CONSTITUTION
• The Fight for Ratification • Federalists• 9 of 13 States • Argument: need a new government
• Anti-Federalists • Fear of central government• Bill of Rights
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SECTION 3: PRINCIPLES OF THE CONSTITUTION
#1: Checks & Balances• L > E• L > J• L > J & E• E > L• E > J• J > L & E
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#2 Judicial Review • Federalist 78• Federalist 51• Marbury v. Madison
#3: Popular Sovereignty• A government of the people, by the people, for the people
#4 Limited Government • Government is not all powerful
#5 Separation of Powers • Distributed among three distinct & independent branches of government
#6 Federalism • Division of Power
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THE BILL OF RIGHTS
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• Formal Amendment Process• 2/3 Congress, ¾ state legislators
• Informal Changes to the Constitution • Basic Legislation
• Executive Action
• Court Decisions
• Party Practices
• Custom
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SECTION 4: PROVIDING FOR SELF-GOVERNMENT
I. The Framer’s fear: Tyranny of the Majoritya) Democracy v. Republic
b) Limiting Popular Rule in selecting National Office Holders
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I. Power to the Peoplea) Jeffersonian Democracy
• Constitution is designed for all
b) Jacksonian Democracy• President = represent the “whole” people • Tie Electoral Votes to Popular
(peoples) Vote
c) Progressive reforms of the early 20th Century• Delegates vs. Trustees • Initiative, Referendum, Recall • 17th Amendment • Primary Elections