Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life 1. Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds...
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Transcript of Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life 1. Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds...
2. Carbon atoms are so special because:
• They have four valence electrons allowing them to join with an electron from another atom to form a strong covalent bond.
• They can bond with many different elements.
• They can bond to other carbon atoms forming chains or rings.
• They have the ability to form millions of different large and complex structures.
3. Macromolecules
are molecules that are made
from thousands or even hundreds of
thousands of smaller
molecules.
4. The four groups of organic compounds found in living things are:
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
5. Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy. Plants
and some animals also use carbohydrates for structural
purposes.
18. Phosphorous is an element unique to nucleic acids.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ex8KW4CKflM&NR=1
Name the following molecular structure?
-It’s not an amino acid/ where is the nitrogen?
-It’s not a sugar/ no 1-2-1 ratio!
-It’s a lipid/ this lipid is AKA a steroid! Very little “O”
28. Three functions of proteins include:
• Controlling the rate of reactions.
• Regulating cell processes.
• Forming bones and muscles.
• Transporting substances into or out of cells.
• Helping to fight disease.
32. A chemical
reaction is a a process that changes one
set of chemicals into another set of
chemicals.
33. The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are
known as reactants.34. The compounds produced by a
chemical reaction are called products.
35. Two reasons some chemical reactions are not practical for living
tissue include:• They are too
slow.• They have
activation energies that are too high to make them practical.