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Chapter 2Chapter 2: City Life: City Life

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Part 1: A City That’s Doing Something Right Part 1: A City That’s Doing Something Right

Getting meaning from contextGetting meaning from context

1. …

2. gridlock = traffic that doesn’t move

commute = go from home to work and back

3. affluent = rich

4. priorities = a list of what was most important

5. trash = garbage

6. produce = fruits and vegetables

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Getting meaning from contextGetting meaning from context

7. recycling plant = a place or factory where glass bottles,

plastic, and cans are made into new products

8. mass-transit = a system of transportation for many people

9. agricultural operation = farm

crops = plants that produce food (grain, fruits, vegetables)

10. cultivate = grow

11. urban dwellers = city people

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Identifying the main ideaIdentifying the main idea

Paragraph B:

The city of Curitiba, Brazil, proves that … to its residents.

Paragraph G:

Curitiba is truly … “symbol of the possible.”

Identifying supporting detailsIdentifying supporting details

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Identifying supporting detailsIdentifying supporting details

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“Main Idea”

“Details”

Identifying supporting detailsIdentifying supporting details

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“Main Idea”

“Details”

Identifying supporting detailsIdentifying supporting details

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“Main Idea” “Details” “Details”

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Understanding Understanding italicsitalics

• The italics are used for emphasis (to strengthen

that the word is important)– Overcrowding is a huge problem in the city.

• The italics are used to indicate a foreign word in an

English sentence.– In open areas in Seoul, kaenari blooms

everywhere in the spring.

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Making inferencesMaking inferences

Writers/speakers imply information They just

suggest an idea without actually stating it.

Readers/listeners infer, or understand information

that is not clearly stated.

Look at the passage again (page 32)Look at the passage again (page 32)

Which information is stated in the reading? • Write S (=stated) on those lines.

Which information is implied but not clearly stated? • Write I (=implied) on those lines.

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Understanding pronoun referencesUnderstanding pronoun references

Look back at the passage to find the meanings of the following

pronouns. What does each pronoun refer to?

1. these people (Paragraph A, line 4)

2. they (Paragraph A, line 8)

3. They (Paragraph B, line 19)

4. It (Paragraph B, line 21)

5. it (Paragraph E, line 57)

6. them (Paragraph E, line 58)

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Focus on words (p.38)Focus on words (p.38)

2. Global3. Transportation4. Access5. Residents6. Under7. Established8. Focus9. Environment10.Income11.Creative

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Understanding Parts of SpeechUnderstanding Parts of Speech

2. create (v)

3. crowd (v)

4. differ (v)

5. difficulty (n)

6. efficiently (adv)

7. polluted (a)

8. prediction (n)

9. safe (a)

10. solution (n)

11. worse (adv)

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Understanding Parts of SpeechUnderstanding Parts of Speech

1. solution (n)/ solve (v)

2. pollution (n)/ pollutants (n)

3. crowds (n)/ crowded (a)

4. safe (a)/ safely (adv)/ safety (n)

5. beautiful (a)/ beautify (v)

6. predict (v)/ worse (a)/ prediction (n)/ worsen (v)

7. differ (v)/ difference (n)/ differently (adv)/ different (a)

8. efficient (a)/ efficiently (adv)