Chapter 1Into the Internet
43
Discovering the Internet Complete Concepts and Techniques, Second Edition Chapter 1: Into the Internet
-
Upload
patty-ramsey -
Category
Education
-
view
4.515 -
download
0
Transcript of Chapter 1Into the Internet
- 1. Discovering the InternetComplete Concepts and Techniques,Second Edition Chapter 1: Into the Internet
- 2. Objectives
- Define the Internet
- Describe how the Internet is used
- Discuss the history of the Internet and the World Wide Web
- Describe how individuals and businesses connect to the Internet
- 3. Defining the Internet
- The Internet is a worldwide network of computers that allows individual and business users to share information and other resources
- The Internet is an interconnected network of networks where each Internet host has a number of other computers connected to it
- Users who connect to the Internet to access information are online
- 4. The Internet is a worldwide network of networks.
- 5. Using the Internet
- The Internet has profoundly changed nearly every aspect of life by revolutionizing how individuals and businesses
-
- Access information and electronic files
-
- Communication personally and professionally
-
- Shop for products and services
-
- Share resources
- 6. People use the Internet for many different purposes.
- 7. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Who Uses the Internet?
-
- Students
-
- Businesses
-
- Professionals
-
- Homemakers
-
- Retirees
-
- Hobbyists
-
- Consumers
- 8. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities
-
- Browsing and searching for information on the World Wide Web (Web)
-
- Communicating with others via e-mail, chat, newsgroups, and mailing lists
-
- Downloading and uploading files
-
- Logging on to remote computers
-
- Conducting business activities
-
- Blogging
- 9. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities the Web
-
- Web pages created using HTML or Web authoring software and connected by hyperlinks
-
- Web site groups of related Web pages
-
-
- College, university, corporate, retail, non-profit, personal
-
-
- Web server computer on which Web pages are stored
- 10. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities - Web (cont'd)
-
- Web browser software used to view Web pages
-
-
- Used to browse or "surf" the Web
-
- 11. Web sites include college and university,corporate, retail, non-profit, and personal sites.
- 12. Web pages are connected by text or graphic hyperlinks.
- 13. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities (cont'd)
-
- Search tools
-
-
- Web-based resource to help find specific information on the Web
-
- 14. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities (cont'd)
-
- E-mail- sending messages and files over a local computer network or the Internet
-
- Instant messaging exchanging brief real-time messages with others on the Internet
-
- Chat real-time online discussions between two or more individuals
-
- Mailing lists online newsletters
-
- Newsgroups online bulletin boards
-
- Weblogs (blogs) Internet diaries
- 15. The Internet offers several ways for people to communicate.
- 16. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities (cont'd)
-
- Downloading and uploading files using FTP to send or retrieve electronic files from a server
-
-
- Music, video, data
-
-
- Logging on to a remote computer using Telnet to log on to a remote computer to use its computing power
- 17. FTP is used to download and upload files.
- 18. Using the Internet (cont'd)
- Internet Activities (cont'd)
-
- Conducting businessactivities
-
-
- E-commerce
-
-
-
- E-business models
-
-
-
-
- B2C
-
-
-
-
-
- B2B
-
-
-
-
-
- B2E
-
-
-
-
-
- C2C
-
-
- 19. History of the Internet
- Origins in ARPANET
-
- Department of Defense founded ARPA to promote computer and scientific research (1958)
-
- J.C.R. Licklider headed computer and information research (1962)
-
- Leonard Kleinrock developed packet switching (1966)
-
- ARPANET prototype network connecting ARPA and university research centers (1969)
- 20. History of the Internet (cont'd)
- Growth and Development of ARPANET
-
- Ray Tomlinson developed e-mail (1971)
-
- Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed standard or protocol for communications over a network TCP and IP (1972)
- Beyond Research, to the Public
-
- NSFnet replaced ARPANET (1985)
-
- Congress authorized commercial activity on the NSFnet (1992)
-
- NSFnet moved connections to commercial network providers (1995)
- 21. The AT&T Backbone.
- 22. History of the Internet (cont'd)
- The Beginnings and Rise of the Web
-
- Gopher at University of Minnesota
-
-
- Directory-based system
-
-
-
- Made it easier to find documents on Internet-connected servers
-
- 23. History of the Internet (cont'd)
- The Beginnings and Rise of the Web (cont'd)
-
- Tim Berners-Lee (1991)
-
-
- Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
-
-
-
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
-
-
-
- First Web browser and Web server
-
-
- Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina (1993)
-
-
- MOSAIC browser
-
-
- Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark (1994)
-
-
- Netscape Communications and Netscape Navigator browser
-
- 24. Berners-Lees original WorldWideWeb browserand HTML documents.
- 25. History of the Internet (cont'd)
- The Beginnings and Rise of the Web (cont'd)
-
- New research networks
-
-
- Internet2 (I2)
-
-
-
- CANARIE
-
- 26. Connecting to the Internet
- Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
-
- Provide access to the Internet
-
- Considerations for choosing an ISP
-
-
- Speed and type of connection desired
-
-
-
- Cost of service
-
-
-
- Availability of customer service and technical support
-
- 27. Thousands of local, regional, and national ISPs offer a variety of services.
- 28. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods
-
- Dial-up
-
-
- Computer uses standard telephone lines and a modem to access the Internet
-
-
-
- Mostly home users
-
- 29. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
-
-
- An always on high-speed Internet connection over standard telephone lines
-
-
-
- Broadband transmission splitting telephone wire into data and voice
-
-
-
- Requires firewall protection to prevent intrusion by outsiders
-
-
-
-
- Home
-
-
-
-
-
- Businesses
-
-
- 30. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Cable
-
-
- An always on high-speed Internet connection over cable TV lines
-
-
-
- Cable modem and line splitter required
-
-
-
- Firewall protection needed
-
- 31. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Fixed wireless connections
-
-
- Microwave
-
-
-
- Line-of-sight transmission
-
- 32. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Fixed wireless connections (cont'd)
-
-
- One way or two way satellite transmissions
-
- 33. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Mobile Wireless
-
-
- Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) technologies to connect to networks
-
-
-
- Wireless access point hardware that connects wireless devices to a network
-
-
-
- Hotspot specific geographic location in which a wireless access point provides public Internet access
-
- 34. Connecting to the Internet (cont'd)
- Connection Methods (cont'd)
-
- Mobile Wireless (cont'd)
-
-
- GSM/GPRS card installed in a computer to allow it to connect to a wireless network
-
-
-
- Cell phones, PDAs, tablet PCs can connect to the Internet
-
-
- High-Speed Business Connections
-
-
- Businesses typically use high-speed fiber-optic cable such as a T1 line connected to their local area network to provide Internet access to employees
-
- 35. Chapter Review
- The Internet is a worldwide network of networks
- The Internet allows individuals to communicate, access information, and purchase products and services from online stores or other individuals
- Businesses use the Internet and the Web to conduct a variety of business transactions
- 36. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- People of all ages and interests use the Internet for school, work, hobbies, and personal enrichment
-
- Browse the Web
-
- Search the Web for specific information
-
- Send e-mail or participate in mailing lists, newsgroups, blogs, and online chat
-
- Upload and download files
- 37. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- The Internet has its origins in ARPANET, a research network developed by ARPA under the auspices of the Department of Defense
- Scientists developed and used packet switching technologies and the TCP and IP protocols that allow communications over and between networks
- 38. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- Some scientists instrumental in the development of early network technologies
-
- J. C. R. Licklider concept of Internet
-
- Leonard Kleinrock packet switching
-
- Robert Kahn TCP and IP protocols
-
- Vinton Cerf TCP and IP protocols
-
- Ray Tomlinson e-mail
- 39. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- The Web is a subset of the Internet consisting of Web pages containing text and multimedia content
-
- Related Web pages are grouped together in a Web site
-
- Web pages are stored on a Web server
-
- Web pages are viewed with a Web browser
-
- Web pages are linked together via hyperlinks
- Tim Berners-Lee is the father of the Web
- 40. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- The National Science Foundation (NSF) developed NSFnet to replace ARPANET
- NSF turned research and commercial portions of NSFnet over to commercial network providers creating the Internet as we know it today
- 41. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- Home computers can be connected to the Internet via
-
- Dial-up telephone access
-
- DSL high-speed telephone access
-
- Cable access
-
- Fixed wireless connections
- DSL and cable access are always on connections
-
- Should be protected by a firewall
- 42. Chapter Review (cont'd)
- When choosing an ISP, key considerations include the cost of the equipment and monthly subscription, as well as the connection speed
- Businesses require high speeds and large capacity lines such as T1, T3, or other fiber-optic connections from local area network to their Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- 43. Chapter 1 Complete Into the Internet