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Chapter 18 Vocab

1. Condyle the rounded prominence found at the point of articulation with another

bone

2. Articularcartilage the thin layer of connective tissue over the ends of long

bones3. Medialmeniscus cartilage in the knew between the femoral condyle and the

medial tibial plateau

4. Lateral meniscus- cartilage in the knee between the lateral femoral condyle andthe lateral tibial plateau

5. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) a ligament in the knee that attaches to the

anterior aspect of the tibial plateau restricting anterior movement of the tibia onthe femur

6. Posteriorcruciateligament (PCL) - a ligament in the knees that attaches to the

posterior aspect of the tibial plateau restricting posterior movement of the tibia on

the femur

7. Patella - kneecap8. Crepitus- a grinding noise or sensation within a joint

9. Epiphysealplate the growth plate at the end of the bone10. Valgus outward bending or twisting force

11. Varus inward bending or twisting force

Notes:

- 4 main ligaments (bone to bone)

o Anterior cruciate

o Posterior cruciate

o Medial collateral

o Lateral collateral

- Tendons to know

o Patella tendon

o Tendon of quadriceps

- Q angle angle of pelvis with knee

o The greater the angle the more strain there is on the knees

greater angle on woman so they can pop babies out

- Condyle

o Moon shaped

o Cushiono Keeps bones from grinding

o End of bone that helps cushion in joint

- Meniscus

Has left or right

Can be torn easily

Between condyle

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Cushion protect bone from bone

If gone arthritis comes sooner

- Cartilage connective tissue- Patellofemoral Problems

Aching pain in front knee

Knee giving away Crepitus

Walking up and down stairs painful

Treatment:

Shoe insert to support the arch or low dye taping

Stretching

Tape the patella

Bracing

Rehab

- Patellar Tendonitis

Inflammation of the patellar tendon

Also known as jumpers knee

Anterior knee pain

Local tenderness

Over use

Treatment:

Give time to heal

Cycling and swimming gives it time to

heal

Stretching

Ice

Bracing and taping- Medial collateral ligament (MCL) sprain

Caused by stretching and Valgus

Limited motion in full flexion and extension

Swelling

Tenderness

See table 18 1

Treatment:

PRICE

Rehab

Surgery- Chondromalacia

o Scrapping of under side of knee

o Maybe misalignment

o Also called movie sign

- Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) sprain

Varus

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Tenderness to palpation

Pain and laxity

Treatment: see treatment for MCL

- Torn Anterior cruciate ligament

Pop followed by swelling within the joint cavity

Anterior drawer test the athlete is in a supine position with theknee bent to 90 degrees. The examiner applies anterior force to

the proximal tibia excessive movement may indicate ACL

damage, checks for torn ACL and ligaments in the ankle

Ligament may be torn

Treatment:

Splinting, icing, and compressive wrapping

Crutches

Surgery

- Meniscus Tears

Mild knee swelling takes hours

Pain

Popping

Locking

Giving away of knee

Treatment:

Ice

Compressive wrap

Crutches

Knee supports

Physical therapy

Anti inflammation meds

Surgery

- Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Hyperflexion and serious accident

Sag test

MRI

Treatment:

PRICE

Physical therapy

Knee brace

- Osgood- Schlatter Conditiono The quadriceps will exert undue

pressure on the growth center of the

tibia

o Usually moves too quick

- Iliotibial Band Syndrome

Inflammation of the Iliotibial band

Head of femur irritates the band

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Band is too tight

Over use injury

Treatment:

Proper foot wear Icing

Stretching Training program