Chapter 14 The Ocean Floor
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Transcript of Chapter 14 The Ocean Floor
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Chapter 14 The Ocean Floor
71% of Earth’s surface is ocean.
Oceanography = the study of the world ocean
World Ocean is divided into…• Pacific• Atlantic• Indian• Arctic (north)
Age of the Ocean Floor
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Mapping the Ocean Floor:
Bathymetry = measurement of the ocean depths and charting of the shape or topography of the ocean floor.
Los Angeles, CA
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HMS Challenger = 1872-1876 voyage to map ocean floor
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Sonar = Sound Navigation And Ranging
Transmits sound waves which bounce off ocean floor.
Time it takes for the waves to return to the ship tells distance (depth) traveled.
Flash: Ocean Floor Sonar
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Sonar … Using a back and forth motion across the ocean to map the ocean floor is called “mowing the lawn.”
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Satellites and the Ocean Floor
Measuring the ocean floor from space.
Google Earth Oceanhttp://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/tv/index.cfm?&caid=8&vid=110446
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Flash: Ocean Floor 1Flash: Ocean Floor 2Flash: Ocean Floor 3
Submersibles = vehicles that are capable of going underwater1st SubmersibleWilliam Beebe in his “bathysphere.”
Piccard’s “Trieste.”
“Alvin” working in the Marianas Trench..”
“Sea Cliff II” working in the Marianas Trench..”AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle)
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Chapter 14.2 Ocean Floor Features
Ocean Floor Regions:
1. Continental Margins2. Ocean Basin Floor3. Mid-Ocean Ridge
Pg 401 Figure 6
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Continental Shelf = gently sloping submerged surface from the shoreline to the drop off.
Continental Margins
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Continental Rise = steeper and wider incline
Continental Margins
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Deep Ocean Trenches = long, narrow creases (canyons) in the ocean floor.
Ocean Basin Floor