Chapter 14 Notes-Land Use

8/2/2019 Chapter 14 Notes-Land Use

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Land

Use and Management


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Warm up

Farmland is vanishing

Between 1984 to 1992, 210,000 acresof farmland in California were converted tosuburbs and cities.

This is happening all over the world.

How could this affect you?


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Rural vs. Urban

Urban an area with 2,500 or morepeople and a governing body.

Rural an area containing few people andopen land.

Look at Table 1 on p. 381. Why isrural land important to maintain?


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Where we live

Pre 1850 USA

People lived in rural areas

Industrial Revolution Fewer people needed on a farm

Transportation moved manufacturers away

People moved to cities

Developing nations are following this trend.


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Rural-Urban Connection

Ecosystem services

Clean water

Fertile land

Trees Wood and paper

Oxygen we breathe

Remember you eco-footprint. Howmuch rural land is required for youto survive?


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Urban land use

People live where they can work. Formany people, this means living in cities.

If human population continues to grow,

what do you think will happen to cities?


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Land use planning

Determining in advance how land will beused.

Malls, sewers, electrical lines, roads, etc

Complex and controversial

Environmental concerns are considered

Public can comment on these plans


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Open Space

Scenic and Recreational Enjoyment

Parks, gardens, bicycle and hiking trails

Greenbelts Open spaces left in their natural condition

Read the last paragraph on p. 388. What arethree benefits of open spaces in urban areas?


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Types of land

Farmland - land used to grow crops andfruit

Rangelands supports vegetation likegrass, but not farmed

Forest lands land with trees

Parks and preserves natural areasprotected from development


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Urbanization

Movement of people from rural to urbanareas.

Slow growth makes life easier

Roads

Public transportation

Green spaces


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The Urban Crisis

Infrastructure all things built for publicuse

What is included in Hirams infrastructure? In

Atlantas?

Rapid growth can outpace infrastructure


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Urban sprawl

Rapid expansion of a city into acountryside.

What is needed to support a suburb?


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Heat islands

Cities generate more heat than vegetation.

Rain falls in a city

Carried into storm drains

Does not evaporate in the city

Will this cool or heat the city?


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Marginal Lands

Poorly suited for building

Coastlines, cliffs, mountains.

Difficult to build, expensive to insure

Why might cities expand to marginal lands?


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Transportation

Why are American cities difficult tonavigate without a car?

What are the benefits of mass transit?


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Ecosystem services

Type of land Ecosystem services

Farmland

Rangeland

Forest land

Parks andpreserves


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Land Management

And Conservation


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Farmlands

Threat of paving, building

1996 Farmland Protection Program


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Rangeland

Supports plants, but not farmed

Used for grazing

Cows, goats, sheep

Meat, milk, hides

As human pop. grows, so does need forrangeland


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Rangeland - Problems

Overgrazing

eating too many plants

native plants get replaced

erosion loss of topsoil


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Rangeland - Preserving

limiting herd sizes

killing invasive species

replanting native vegetation multiple water-holes (spread out herd)


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Forest lands

Products paper, furniture, buildinglumber, oxygen

Three categories

virgin forest never been cut

native forest planted & managed

tree farm crops


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Cutting Trees

clear cut remove all trees

selective cutting only cut older trees

Deforestation removing trees w/outreplacing them

Reforestation replanting or allowed togrow naturally


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Parks and Preserves

1st national park Yellowstone

Biosphere reserves include people inconservation plan

Public lands (govt owned)

logging, mining, ranching

hunting, fishing, wildlife protection


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Wilderness

Protected from exploitation

OK - hiking, boating, fishing, research

Not OK building, motorized vehicles

Preserves nature

Provides an escape

Managed by volunteers

Chapter 14 Notes-Land Use

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