Chapter 14

Hallucinogenic Drugs

MescalinePeyote cactus

PsilocybinPsilocybe mushrooms

psilocybin psilocin

LSD

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs

LSD Trip (psychological effects)1. Onset

2. Plateau

3. Peak

4. Come-down

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs

Physiological effects• Activate sympathetic nervous system

– Dilated pupils– Heart rate increase– Blood pressure increase– Body temperature increase

• Dizziness • Nausea and vomiting

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs

Most hallucinogens are 5-HT receptor agonists

If you use a 5-HT receptor antagonists together with a hallunicongen, illusions and hallucinations disappear

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs Acquisition of an LSD/saline discrimination and attenuation of the drug stimulus cue

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs Acquisition of an LSD/saline discrimination and attenuation of the drug stimulus cue

Problems with hallucinogenic drugs

• “Bad Trip”

• Flashbacks

• Psychotic breakdown

Pharmacology of Hallucinogenic Drugs

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PCP

Dissociative Anesthetics

Ketamine crystals

Dissociative Anesthetics

PCPSelf-administration of PCP into the nucleus accumbens shell by rats

KetamineKetamine administration produces a dose-dependent increase in psychotic-like symptoms