CHAPTER 13 - buildingthepride.com€¦ · chapter 13 meiosis & sexual life cycles ^ germ cell cycle...
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CHAPTER 13 MEIOSIS & SEXUAL LIFE CYCLES ^
Transcript of CHAPTER 13 - buildingthepride.com€¦ · chapter 13 meiosis & sexual life cycles ^ germ cell cycle...
CHAPTER 13MEIOSIS
&
SEXUAL
LIFE CYCLES
^
GERM
CELL CYCLE
MEIOSIS
SPECIFICS
MC
6 CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
GERM MOTHER CELL LC
ANIMAL LIFE CYCLE
GC
ANIMAL GERM CELLS
G
GAMETOCYTES
S
SPERMATOCYTES
O
OOCYTES
^
LC
PLANT LIFE CYCLE
GC
PLANT GERM CELLS
S
SPOROCYTES
M
MICROSPOROCYTES
M
MEGASPOROCYTES
MC
6 CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
GERM MOTHER CELLI
INTERPHASE-I
+
CYTOSOL
6 CHROMOSOMES
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
INTERPHASE - IR
CHROMOSOMES REPLICATE
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
INTERPHASE - I2
TWO CHROMATIDS
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
INTERPHASE - I2
DNA CONTENT DOUBLED
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
INTERPHASE - I6
INTERPHASE - I
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
6 CHROMOSOMES
K
KARYOKINESIS-I
P
PROPHASE-I
+
PROPHASE - I
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
N
NUCLEAR
MEMBRANE
PROPHASE - I
NUCLEAR
MEMBRANE
DISSIPATES
C
PROPHASE - I
CHROMOSOMES
CONDENSE
H
PROPHASE - I
HOMOLGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
PROPHASE - I
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
PAIR
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
PROPHASE - IS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
SYNAPSIS
PROPHASE - I
1 2 3 4
T
CHROMATIDS
TETRAD
PROPHASE - I
1 2 3 4
TETRAD
4 CHROMATIDS CLOSE PROXIMITY
CHROMATIDS
PROPHASE - I
TETRAD
TETRAD
TETRAD
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
TETRADS
X
PROPHASE - I
TETRAD
TETRAD
TETRAD
CROSSING-OVER
OCCURSDETAILS FORTHCOMING
M
METAPHASE-I
+
METAPHASE - I
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
TETRADS
E
+
METAPHASE - I
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME
TETRADS
E
METAPHASE - I
EQUATORIAL
PLANE
EQUATORIAL
PLANE
METAPHASE - I
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
A
ANAPHASE-I
+
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
ANAPHASE - I
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
ANAPHASE - I?
ANAPHASE - I
?
BREAK-DOWN
?
BREAK-DOWN
T
ANAPHASE - I
TETRAD SYNAPSES
BREAK-DOWN
TETRAD SYNAPSES
BREAK-DOWN
C
ANAPHASE - I
CENTROMERES
REMAIN INTACT
CENTROMERES
REMAIN INTACT
O
ANAPHASE - I
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE POLES
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE POLES
T
TELOPHASE-I
+
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE POLES
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE POLES
TELOPHASE - I
TELOPHASE - I
SPINDLE COMPLEX
DISSIPATES
SPINDLE COMPLEX
DISSIPATES
N
TELOPHASE - I
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
FORMS
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
FORMS
2
TELOPHASE - I
DAUGHTER
NUCLEUS
DAUGHTER
NUCLEUS
C
CYTOKINESIS-I
ANIMAL CYTOKINESIS
MOTHER CELL
CYTOKINESIS
FURROWING
CYTOKINESIS
FURROWING
DAUGHTER CELLS
CELL MEMBRANECELL MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS
PLANT CYTOKINESIS
CYTOKINESIS
CELL PLATE
MOTHER CELL
GOLGI VESICLES CELL PLATE DAUGHTER CELLS
CELL WALL
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUSNUCLEUS NUCLEUS
2
+
CYTOKINESIS - I
CELLCELL
?
CYTOKINESIS - I
HOW MANY
CHROMOSOMES?
HOW MANY
CHROMOSOMES?
#
CYTOKINESIS - I
3 CHROMOSOMES 3 CHROMOSOMES
?
CYTOKINESIS - I
HAPLOID OR DIPLOID
CELL?
HAPLOID OR DIPLOID
CELL?
H
CYTOKINESIS - I
HAPLOID CELLHAPLOID CELL
E
CYTOKINESIS - I
ENTER INTERPHASE-II
CONCURRENTLY
ENTER INTERPHASE-II
CONCURRENTLY
I
INTERPHASE-II
+
INTERPHASE - II
HAPLOID CELL HAPLOID CELL
N
>
INTERPHASE - II
NO CHROMOSOME
REPLICATION
NO CHROMOSOME
REPLICATION
K
KARYOKINESIS-II
P
PROPHASE-II
+
PROPHASE - II
HAPLOID CELL HAPLOID CELL
N
PROPHASE - II
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
DISSIPATES
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
DISSIPATES
A
T
PROPHASE - II
TETRADS ABSENT TETRADS ABSENT
X
A
PROPHASE - II
CROSSING-OVER
ABSENT
CROSSING-OVER
ABSENT
M
METAPHASE-II
+
METAPHASE - II
CHROMOSOMES
TETRADS ABSENT
CHROMOSOMES
TETRADS ABSENT
E
METAPHASE - II
EQUATORIAL
PLANE
EQUATORIAL
PLANE
METAPHASE - II
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
A
ANAPHASE-II
+
ANAPHASE - II
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
MICROTUBULE
SPINDLE COMPLEX
ANAPHASE - II
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
?
ANAPHASE - II
?
BREAK-DOWN
?
BREAK-DOWN
C
ANAPHASE - II
CENTROMERES
BREAK-DOWN
CENTROMERES
BREAK-DOWN
S
ANAPHASE - II
CHROMATIDS
SEPARATE
CHROMATIDS
SEPARATE
D
ANAPHASE - II
DAUGHTER
CHROMOSOMES
DAUGHTER
CHROMOSOMES
O
ANAPHASE - II
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE
POLES
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE
POLES
T
TELOPHASE-II
+
TELOPHASE - II
IDENTICAL
TELOPHASE - I
IDENTICAL
TELOPHASE - I
O
TELOPHASE - II
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE
POLES
CHROMOSOMES
OPPOSITE
POLES
TELOPHASE - II
SPINDLE COMPLEX
DISSIPATES
SPINDLE COMPLEX
DISSIPATES
N
TELOPHASE - II
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
FORMS
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
FORMS
2
TELOPHASE - II
2 DAUGHTER
NUCLEI
2 DAUGHTER
NUCLEI
C
CYTOKINESIS-II
ANIMAL CYTOKINESIS
MOTHER CELL
CYTOKINESIS
FURROWING
CYTOKINESIS
FURROWING
DAUGHTER CELLS
CELL MEMBRANECELL MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS
4
CELL CELL CELL CELL
G
GAMETE GAMETE GAMETE GAMETE
1
1N GAMETE 1N GAMETE 1N GAMETE 1N GAMETE
^
PLANT CYTOKINESIS
CYTOKINESIS
CELL PLATE
MOTHER CELL
GOLGI VESICLES CELL PLATE DAUGHTER CELLS
CELL WALL
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUS NUCLEUSNUCLEUS NUCLEUS
4
CELL CELL CELL CELL
S
SPORE SPORE SPORE SPORE
1
1N SPORE 1N SPORE 1N SPORE 1N SPORE
^
GERM CELL
CYCLE
SUMMARY
LC
PLANT LIFE CYCLE
?
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
?
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
NUCLEUS
S
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
NUCLEUS
?
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N?
2
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
M
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N MEIOSIS
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
?
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
? ?
? ?
2N
GERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
S
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPORE
2N
GERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
?
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
2N
GERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
2N 2N
2N 2N
? ?
? ?
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPORE
1/2 REDUCTION
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
1
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
2N
GERM CELL
SPOROCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPORE
1 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SET/CELL
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
^
ANIMAL LIFE CYCLE
?
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
?
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
NUCLEUS
G
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
NUCLEUS
?
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N?
GAMETOCYTE
2
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N
GAMETOCYTE
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
M
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
SPORE SPORE
SPORE SPOREGERM CELL
1N 1N
1N 1N
? ?
? ?
2N MEIOSIS
GAMETOCYTE
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
?
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
? ?
? ?
2N
GERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
G
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
2N
GERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
?
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
2N
GERM CELL
2N
2N 2N
?
? ?
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETOCYTE
1/2 REDUCTION
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
1
1N?
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
2N
GERM CELL
1N
1N 1N
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETOCYTE
1 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SET/CELL
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
?
^
1N
DURING MEIOSIS
DOES CHROMOSOME
REDUCTION OCCUR?
QUESTION
QUESTION
A
YES
ANSWER
ANSWER
/
ANSWER
ANSWER
DURING MEIOSIS
CHROMOSOME
NUMBER REDUCED
BY 1/2
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
46
1N 1N
1N 1N
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
HUMAN CELL
GERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
M
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
46
1N 1N
1N 1N
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
HUMAN CELL
GERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
1/2 REDUCTION
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
#
MEIOSIS
NUCLEUS
46CHROMOSOMES
46
23 23
23 23
GAMETE GAMETE
GAMETE GAMETE
HUMAN CELL
GERM CELL
GAMETOCYTE
1 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SET/CELL
2 HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOME SETS/CELL
^
MITOSIS
VS
MEIOSIS
^
TETRADS
^
TETRADS MITOSIS
?
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MITOSIS: T?ETRADS ABSENT
A
T
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MITOSIS: TETRADS ABSENT
X
A
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MITOSIS: X-ING OVER ABSENT
^
TETRADS MEIOSIS
?
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MEIOSIS: T?ETRADS PRESENT
T
P
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MEIOSIS: TETRADS PRESENT
X
O
MITOSIS VS MEIOSIS
TETRADS
MEIOSIS: X-ING OVER OCCURS
^
ANAPHASE
^
ANAPHASE
MITOSIS
+
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
ANAPHASE
MITOSIS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
ANAPHASE
MITOSIS
?
ANAPHASE
MITOSIS
?
BREAK-DOWN
C
CENTROMERES
BREAK-DOWN
ANAPHASE
MITOSIS
^
ANAPHASE
MEIOSIS
1
A
ANAPHASE-I
MEIOSIS
+
ANAPHASE - I
MEIOSIS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
ANAPHASE - I
MEIOSIS
?
?
BREAK-DOWN
?
BREAK-DOWN
ANAPHASE - I
MEIOSIS
S
TETRAD SYNAPSES
BREAK-DOWN
TETRAD SYNAPSES
BREAK-DOWN
ANAPHASE - I
MEIOSISA
2
^
ANAPHASE-II
MEIOSIS
+
ANAPHASE - II
MEIOSIS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
SPINDLE COMPLEX
CONTRACTS
ANAPHASE - II
MEIOSIS
?
?
BREAK-DOWN
?
BREAK-DOWN
ANAPHASE - II
MEIOSIS
C
CENTROMERES
BREAK-DOWN
CENTROMERES
BREAK-DOWN
ANAPHASE - II
MEIOSIS
^
GENE TERMS
G
GENE
GENE
GENE
DNA SEGMENT UPON
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
>
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CELL
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CELL
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CELL
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
CYTOSOL CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CELL
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
M
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
M
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
= MATERNAL CHROMOSOME
CELL
M
P
M
M
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
P
P
M
P
CYTOSOL
NUCLEUS
CYTOSOL
M
P
= MATERNAL CHROMOSOME
= PATERNAL CHROMOSOME
CELL
M
M
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P = PATERNAL
= MATERNALM
G
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
GENE
EYE COLOR
P = PATERNAL
= MATERNALM
L
LOCI
LOCI
LOCI
GENE POSITIONS
UPON
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
+
LOCI
LOCI
1 LOCUS / HOMOLOG / GENE
>
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
GENE
EYE COLOR
GL
TWO
GENE LOCI
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
GENE LOCUS GENE
EYE COLOR
GL
TWO
GENE LOCI
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
GENE LOCUS GENE LOCUSGENE
EYE COLOR
TWO
GENE LOCI
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
GENE LOCUS GENE LOCUS
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
GENE LOCUS GENE LOCUS
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
TERMS
GENE LOCUS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
GENE
SKIN TONE
GENE LOCUS
GENE LOCUS
GENE LOCUS
GENE LOCUS
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
>
2
GENE LOCUS
GENE LOCATED
UPON BOTH
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
^
ALLELE
A
ALLELE
ALLELE
ALLELE
GENE FORM
EGEG
ALLELE
EXAMPLE
GENE
EYE COLOR
+
GENE
TERMS
GENE
EYE COLOR
ALLELE
b
U
B
B
GENE
TERMS
GENE
EYE COLOR
ALLELE
b
UPPER CASE
ALLELE
D
B
GENE
TERMS
DOMINATE
ALLELE
GENE
EYE COLOR
ALLELE
b
B
B
GENE
TERMS
DOMINATE
ALLELE
BROWN EYES
GENE
EYE COLOR
ALLELE
b
L
b
B
GENE
TERMS
LOWER CASE
ALLELE
DOMINATE
ALLELE
BROWN EYES
b
GENE
EYE COLOR
R
B
GENE
TERMS
RECESSIVE
ALLELE
DOMINATE
ALLELE
BROWN EYES
b
GENE
EYE COLOR
B
B b
GENE
TERMS
DOMINATE
ALLELE
BROWN EYES
RECESSIVE
ALLELE
BLUE EYES
GENE
EYE COLOR
>
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
ONE ALLELE OCCUPIES EACH LOCUS
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE LOCUS GENE LOCUS
B
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
ONE ALLELE OCCUPIES EACH LOCUS
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
BGENE LOCUS GENE LOCUSGENE
EYE COLOR
b
GENE
TERMS
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
ONE ALLELE OCCUPIES EACH LOCUS
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
BGENE LOCUS b GENE LOCUSGENE
EYE COLOR
^
ALLELE
COMBINATIONS
>
GENE
TERMS
B
M P
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
B
GENE
TERMS
B
M P
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
TERMS
B
M P
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
b
GENE
TERMS
b
M P
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
TERMS
b
M P
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
<
B
GENE
TERMS
B
M P
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
>
B
GENE
TERMS
b
M P
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
TERMS
b
M P
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
P
M
= PATERNAL
= MATERNAL
B = DOMINATE
b = RECESSIVE
GENE
EYE COLOR
^
GENE POOL
G
GENE POOL
GENE POOL
GENE POOL
ALL POSSIBLE GENE
ALLELE COMBINATIONS
>
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
M P
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
GENE POOL+
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
H
S
M P
GENE POOL
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
+
INHERITED
ALLELE
COMBINATION
B
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
H
S
M P
GENE POOL
BROWN EYES
DARK HAIR
DARK SKIN
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
^
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
H
S
M P
GENE POOL
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
+
INHERITED
ALLELE
COMBINATION
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
H
S
M P
GENE POOL
BLUE EYES
DARK HAIR
DARK SKIN
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
^
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
h
S
M P
GENE POOL
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
+
INHERITED
ALLELE
COMBINATION
b b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
h
S
h
s
M P
GENE POOL
BLUE EYES
LIGHT HAIR
DARK SKIN
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
^
GENE POOL
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
h
s
M P
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
+
INHERITED
ALLELE
COMBINATION
GENE POOL
b
HOMOLOGOUS
CHROMOSOMES
h
s
M P
BLUE EYES
LIGHT HAIR
LIGHT SKIN
b
h
s
GENE
EYE COLOR
GENE
HAIR COLOR
GENE
SKIN TONE
>
HUMAN DIVERSITY
HUMAN DIVERSITY
GENE POOL
PERMITS GENETIC DIVERSITY
^
GENE POOL
SHUFFLING
G
GENE POOL
SHUFFLING
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
MIXING
GENE POOL
ALLELES
^
GENE POOL
SHUFFLING
TYPES
L
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
CROSSING-OVER
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
CROSSING-OVER
RANDOM INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
CROSSING-OVER
RANDOM INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
RANDOM FERTILIZATION
GENE POOL SHUFFLING
TYPES
^
