Chapter 12 - The family Family Systems Family - group of people who are related by marriage, blood,...
Transcript of Chapter 12 - The family Family Systems Family - group of people who are related by marriage, blood,...
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Chapter 12 - The familyFamily Systems
Family - group of people who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption
nuclear family - one or both parents and their children
Extended family - 3 or more generations sharing the same residence
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Kinship - nuclear and extended belong to larger system
Primary relatives - members of orientation and procreationex. mom, brother, husband
Secondary relativesex. grandparents, in-laws, aunts,
nephews
Tertiary relativesex. great-grandparents, cousins
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Marriage and kinship Patterns
Marriage - set of norms that specifies the ways in which family structure should be organized
Between man and womanMonogamyNon-related 18 unless parental consent
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Monogamy - only allowed to marry one person at a time
Polygamy - marriage with multiple partnersPolygyny - a man is permitted to marry more
than 1 wife at a timePolyandry - a woman is permitted to marry
more than 1 husband at a time
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Residential PatternsPatrilocality - couple is expected to
live with/near the husband's parents
Matrilocality - couple is expected to live with/near the wife's parents
Bilocality - allows the couples to choose to live with/near which family
Neolocality - couple can set up apart from both families
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Descent PatternsPatrilineal descent - trace kinship through
father's family (property passed from father to son)
Matrilineal descent - trace kinship through father's family (property from
mother to daughter)
Bilateral descent - kinship is traced through both (property inherited from either side)
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Authority PatternsPatriarchal system - father holds authorityMatriarchal system - mother holds authorityEgalitarian system - both mother/father share
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Functions of the family
Regulation of sex incest taboo - norm forbidding sex
between certain relatives U.S. 21 states allow marriage of 1st
cousin
Reproduction - depends on societysome except big families, others replacement
Socialization - taught the ways of society from family
Economic and Emotional Security
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The American Family
Homogamy - most choose mates with similar education, age, religion, economic status
Heterogamy - marriage between individuals who have different characteristics
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Marital Satisfactionchance increase based on the following
parents are successfully married
known each other for at least 2 years
getting married at an older age
holding traditional valuesengagement free from
conflictbeing of same race/religionhaving a college educationhaving parents approval of
marriage
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Family Disruption25% of the murders in the U.S. involve family28% of women killed by their husbands and or
boyfriends1.6 million wives are seriously abused by
husbands each year7 million have at least one physical fight each
year1.5 million children are severely assaulted by
adults each yearover ½ of all recent marriages will end in
divorce
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Family violenceserious problem for all social classes and racial/ethnicity groups
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Trends in American Family LifeDelayed marriages
due to education/career buildingcohabitation - couples live together w/o
marriageDelayed childrearing
Dual-Earner MarriagesFamily and Medical Leave Act of 1993*may take up to 12 weeks for newborn
(unpaid)
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One parent familiesRobert S. Weiss
1. responsibility overload - care taking and decision making2. task overload - work/home
management3. Emotional overload
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One parent families cont.
Poverty45% of female headed households are below
poverty lines½ of fathers that should pay don't pay fully¼ don't pay at all
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Remarriageblended families - stepfamilies¼ of children live in stepfamilies