Chapter 12Chapter 12

ReviewReview

1.1. What was one of the first What was one of the first production industries to be affected production industries to be affected by the Industrial Revolution?by the Industrial Revolution?

A.A. Cotton clothCotton cloth

2.2. What group of people made up 2/3 What group of people made up 2/3 of the British cotton industry’s of the British cotton industry’s workforce?workforce?

A.A. Women and childrenWomen and children

3.3. What is the belief that people What is the belief that people should be as free as possible from should be as free as possible from government restraints?government restraints?

A.A. LiberalismLiberalism

4.4. What sparked the formation of the What sparked the formation of the Confederate States of America?Confederate States of America?

A.A. The election of Abraham Lincoln The election of Abraham Lincoln as president of the United as president of the United StatesStates

5.5. What did Darwin believe was What did Darwin believe was central to organic evolution?central to organic evolution?

A.A. Natural selectionNatural selection

6.6. Who developed a steam engine that Who developed a steam engine that could drive machinery?could drive machinery?

A.A. James WattJames Watt

7.7. What was evident in the social What was evident in the social change brought about by the change brought about by the Industrial Revolution?Industrial Revolution?

A.A. Emergence of the middle class Emergence of the middle class and the working classand the working class

8.8. According to the principle of According to the principle of intervention, what did the great intervention, what did the great powers of Europe have a right to powers of Europe have a right to do?do?

A.A. Send armies into countries Send armies into countries where there were revolutions in where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate order to restore legitimate monarchs to powermonarchs to power

9.9. What established a self-governing What established a self-governing Canadian nation?Canadian nation?

A.A. British North American ActBritish North American Act

10.10. Who proposed the germ theory of Who proposed the germ theory of disease?disease?

A.A. Louis PasteurLouis Pasteur

11.11. What were people called that were What were people called that were interested in finding new business interested in finding new business opportunities and new ways to opportunities and new ways to make a profit?make a profit?

A.A. EntrepreneursEntrepreneurs

12.12. What was the most important factor What was the most important factor in the development of the American in the development of the American transportation system?transportation system?

A.A. RailroadRailroad

13.13. What were the 38 independent What were the 38 independent German states recognized by the German states recognized by the Congress of Vienna called?Congress of Vienna called?

A.A. German ConfederationGerman Confederation

14.14. Who was the leader of the Italian Who was the leader of the Italian Unification?Unification?

A.A. Giuseppe GaribaldiGiuseppe Garibaldi

15.15. What was it called during the What was it called during the Industrial Revolution when people Industrial Revolution when people increasingly rejected religion or increasingly rejected religion or religious toleration?religious toleration?

A.A. SecularizationSecularization

16.16. The factory created a new labor The factory created a new labor system that did what?system that did what?

A.A. Workers had to work regular Workers had to work regular hours and do the same work hours and do the same work over and overover and over

17.17. What did Prince Klemens von What did Prince Klemens von Metternich’s claim that he was Metternich’s claim that he was guided by the principle of guided by the principle of legitimacy mean?legitimacy mean?

A.A. Lawful monarchs from the royal Lawful monarchs from the royal families that had ruled before families that had ruled before Napoleon would be restored to Napoleon would be restored to powerpower

18.18. What was realpolitik that was What was realpolitik that was practiced by Otto von Bismarck?practiced by Otto von Bismarck?

A.A. A theory of politics based on A theory of politics based on practical matters rather than practical matters rather than theory or ethicstheory or ethics

19.19. What emphasized feelings and What emphasized feelings and imagination as sources of knowing?imagination as sources of knowing?

A.A. RomanticismRomanticism

20.20. What made the British novelist What made the British novelist Charles Dickens very successful?Charles Dickens very successful?

A.A. Realistic novels focusing on the Realistic novels focusing on the lower and middle classes in lower and middle classes in BritainBritain

21.21. What was crucial to Britain’s What was crucial to Britain’s Industrial Revolution?Industrial Revolution?

A.A. Steam engineSteam engine

22.22. What did the pitiful conditions What did the pitiful conditions created by the Industrial Revolution created by the Industrial Revolution give rise to?give rise to?

A.A. Socialism, in which society Socialism, in which society owns and controls the means of owns and controls the means of productionproduction

23.23. What was the effect of the Crimean What was the effect of the Crimean War?War?

A.A. Destroyed the Concert of Destroyed the Concert of Europe and left Austria without Europe and left Austria without any friends among the great any friends among the great powerspowers

24.24. What did the romantics value?What did the romantics value?

A.A. Individualism, the belief in the Individualism, the belief in the uniqueness of each personuniqueness of each person

25.25. What was the literary and visual What was the literary and visual arts movement that rejected arts movement that rejected romanticism?romanticism?

A.A. RealismRealism

26.26. Labor for factories during the Labor for factories during the Industrial Revolution came mostly Industrial Revolution came mostly from what population?from what population?

A.A. Farm populationFarm population

27.27. Liberals in Europe believed in the Liberals in Europe believed in the protection of what liberties?protection of what liberties?

A.A. Civil libertiesCivil liberties

28.28. Who met to draft a constitution for Who met to draft a constitution for a unified Germany?a unified Germany?

A.A. Frankfort AssemblyFrankfort Assembly

29.29. The unification of Germany was The unification of Germany was accomplished by what Prussian accomplished by what Prussian prime minister?prime minister?

A.A. Otto von BismarckOtto von Bismarck

30.30. The brutal life led by the urban poor The brutal life led by the urban poor in England was described in in England was described in literature by which writer?literature by which writer?

A.A. Charles DickensCharles Dickens