Chapter 12 Edit

8/9/2019 Chapter 12 Edit

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ENVIRONMENTALCONTROL


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PERINGATAN:

SALIN NOTA INI TERMASUK GAMBARAJAH

(boleh photostat dari buku teks)

GAMBAR FOTO TAK PERLU CETAK /LUKIS


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INTRODUCTION

Construction waste recycling is aprocess of separating and recyclingwaste material produced during

construction, building renovation anddemolition. A lot of this constructionwaste can be re-used. Duringrenovation, all used brick, windows,doors and timbers can be recycled.


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SOLID AND WASTE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

MANAGEMENT

Construction and demolition contribute large proportion ofwaste which occupy large area of landfill. Therefore,recycling the waste can solve the critical shortage of landfillarea we are facing nowadays.

Demolition and construction waste sources include:

1.Waste arise from demolition of entire, or part of buildingand public infrastructure.

2.Waste arise from building and public infrastructure

construction3.Soil, stones and trees arise from site clearing, public workand foundation work.

4.Road construction material and related material arisefrom road maintenance activities.


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Various type of waste sources

Crushed tileCrushed brickCrushed concrete

Crushed ceramic

Construction wasteOil, paint & container

MatelPlywood and timber

Construction waste


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Re-use of construction material wasteWith proper management technique, re-use of

construction waste can reduce the need to disposethem. Among the steps to be taken are to:

(a)Have an early planning

(b)Systematically separating construction waste,

and

(c)Have good management of construction waste


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Separation of construction waste

Among ways to separate construction waste are:

Providing sufficient containers and dustbins forrecycling.

Identify types of waste containers and dustbins.Label should be clear.

Train construction staff and workers to separateconstruction waste accordingly.

Provide proper place to store and protect theconstruction waste from rain or sun

Construction site which is not

properly managed


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Management of construction waste

Management of construction waste can be

seen as a way to ensure waste produced is

properly managed and can be recycled


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CONSTRUCTION

MATERIAL

WASTE MANAGEMENT METHOD

Timber Whenever possible, specify building dimensionaccording to standard timber size.

Modify structure specification to optimise timber

usage and reduce waste

Store timber on top flat blocks with cover

minimize timber bending and twisting

Set aside cut timber and plywood which can be

re-used

Store clean timber sawdust to be used in

composting pile or other usage Timber chunks can be sliced up and used as a

material for fuel or fibre


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CONSTRUCTION

MATERIAL


Wallboard Order wallboard in optimum dimension to minimise

cutting waste Mortarboard can be obtained in variety of sizes.

Design dimension should match the standard size.

Excessive large of mortarboard can be re-used

Bricks andconcrete

Re-use concrete blocks and old bricks which are stillin good condition.

Crush and re-use as ready-mix concrete aggregate,

or road foundation and as building foundation layer.

Estimate carefully to overcome wastage

Collect, accumulate and cover bricks and otherbrickwork during construction to prevent them from

getting dirty.

Concrete blocks, old brick, crushed block and

brickwork rubble can be buried on site during the

filling of foundation work


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CONSTRUCTION

MATERIAL


Matel During construction and renovation works,separate metal materials such as grill and piping

for recycling

Sell re-use materials such as iron, lead, copper

and aluminium.

Avoid dispose of lead into landfill because it can

dissolve into the soil.

Paint and

solven

Send unused parts to a recycling centre.

Store materials for future works.

Miscellaneous During building renovation, identify unused or

unwanted cabinets, lamps, bath tub, mortar mix,

iron, nails, screws, stationary, piping equipments

and transport them to recycling centres.


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EROSION CONTROL

Soil erosion is the wearing and movement of

soil layer due to water, wind and ice.

Deforestation, construction anddevelopment always cause serious soil

erosion. This situation is becoming worst at

hillsides


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Erosion Control MethodHydroseeding

Hydroseeding is a method of planting grass tominimise erosion. Hydroseeding material mix ismade-up timber fibre, compost, bonding materials,water and seeds. Strong grass rooting will grip

loose soil and thick leaf can protect soil fromrunning water.

Timber fibre helps even distribution of seeds andacts as a cover layer after spraying.

Hydroseeding spraying


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Erosion Control Method

Diverting drainThe perpose of diverting drain is to reduce rapidwater flow at the hill slopes. Diverting drainnormally can be seen along the North-SouthHighway

Diverting drain on hill slope


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Erosion Control Method

GunitingGuniting or shotcrete is the spraying ofsand, cement and water mixture using highpressure spray. Guniting enables concrete

be sprayed to uneven, vertical and highsurfaces. It is normally used to protect rockslope from erosion.

Examples of guniting

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