Chapter 11: Jeffersonian...
Transcript of Chapter 11: Jeffersonian...
Chapter 11: Jeffersonian Republic
Election of 1800
• Adams v Jefferson • First election with
clear political parties • Federalists want
strong central gov’t • Dem-Republicans
(aka Jeffersonians) want states’ rights
Downfall of Federalists
• Alien and Sedition Acts: not a smart move
• Federalists split between Hamilton and Adams
• Adams didn’t fight France
“Whispering Campaign”
• Lies and rumors spread about opponent
• Jefferson the first victim of this campaign tactic ▫ Sally Hemmings ▫ Atheist
Jefferson Wins! How?
• NY flips from Adams to Jefferson
• Gets additional votes from south (3/5 compromise)
• “Negro President”?
Jefferson’s Revolution?
• Jefferson campaigned that he was “restoring the republican experiment”
• Going to limit gov’t power
• BUT…actually kept things similar to Adams
Peaceful Transfer of Power
• America is famous for it!
• After elections, the loser happily transfers power to the winner
• No drama EVER!
Jefferson’s Inaugural
• Says “minority possesses equal rights”
• Basically, calms Federalists down
• Promises not to overturn everything they did
Moderation
• Reverses Alien and Sedition Acts (which had already expired)
• Repeals excise tax • BUT… • Leaves the nat’l bank
alone • Leaves “funding at
par” program alone
Judiciary Act 1801
• Federalist create a bunch of new judgeships right before Adams leaves office
• They want to pack the court with Federalists
• Judges stay in office til they die
Chief Justice John Marshall
• Adams also appointed Marshall as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
• Brilliant Federalist judge!
• Remained a judge for 34 years!
Marbury v Madison (1803)
• First major Supreme Court case • Let’s read the description!
Impact of Marbury v Madison
• Marshall establishes principle of “judicial review”
• The Supreme Court has the final say on 2 things: ▫ Is a law
constitutional? ▫ Interpretations the
of constitution
Jefferson’s Foreign Policy
• Anti-war • Anti-alliance • North African pirates
were attacking US merchant ships
• Sent the navy, fought for 4 years at “shores of Tripoli”
• Success!