CHAPTER 10B “RUNNING IN AN ELECTION”. THE RIGHT TO VOTE 1. People earn the right to vote at age...
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Transcript of CHAPTER 10B “RUNNING IN AN ELECTION”. THE RIGHT TO VOTE 1. People earn the right to vote at age...
THE RIGHT TO VOTE 1. People earn the right to vote at age 1. People earn the right to vote at age
18.18.
A. State QualificationsA. State Qualifications
1. Each state decides qualifications for 1. Each state decides qualifications for
voting in state elections.voting in state elections.
a. Must follow the U. S. a. Must follow the U. S.
Constitution.Constitution.
B. Registering to VoteB. Registering to Vote
1. Simply signing up to vote.1. Simply signing up to vote.
2. Usually only has to be done once.2. Usually only has to be done once.
C. Women Win the Right to VoteC. Women Win the Right to Vote
1. Early American traditions gave 1. Early American traditions gave women women
no rights.no rights.
a. List three rights women have today a. List three rights women have today
that they didn’t have before the that they didn’t have before the
Civil War.Civil War.
2. During the early 1800’s social 2. During the early 1800’s social
conditions for women began to conditions for women began to
change.change.
3. Women’s Rights Movement was 3. Women’s Rights Movement was
launched in 1848.launched in 1848.
4. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott 4. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
were the two prominent women involved were the two prominent women involved
in the movement.in the movement.
5. In 1869 the National Woman Suffrage 5. In 1869 the National Woman Suffrage
Assosication was formed by Elizabeth Assosication was formed by Elizabeth
Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.
6. Susan B. Anthony was arrested in 1872 6. Susan B. Anthony was arrested in 1872
when she tried to vote in the Presidential when she tried to vote in the Presidential
election.election.
a. She was found guilty.a. She was found guilty.
7. In June, 1919 the 19th Amendment passed 7. In June, 1919 the 19th Amendment passed Congress by a narrow margin giving Congress by a narrow margin giving women the right to vote.women the right to vote.
D. Primary Elections (First)D. Primary Elections (First)
1. Are usually held in the spring.1. Are usually held in the spring.
2. Some states hold state conventions.2. Some states hold state conventions.
3. Are very much like regular elections.3. Are very much like regular elections.
4. Election is among candidates within 4. Election is among candidates within the the
same party.same party.
5. Independents usually do not have a 5. Independents usually do not have a
primary.primary.
6. Usually requires a plurality of votes.6. Usually requires a plurality of votes.
7. Some states still require a majority.7. Some states still require a majority.
a. Runoff primary - if no candidate a. Runoff primary - if no candidate
receives a majority then the two receives a majority then the two
candidates who have won the highest candidates who have won the highest
number of votes run again.number of votes run again.
8. Two types of primaries:8. Two types of primaries:
a. Open - Can vote for any candidate.a. Open - Can vote for any candidate.
b. Closed - Only party members can b. Closed - Only party members can
vote. vote.
E. Nominations by ConventionsE. Nominations by Conventions
1. Some states allow their candidate for 1. Some states allow their candidate for
president to be chosen by delegates.president to be chosen by delegates.
F. Independent CandidatesF. Independent Candidates
1. Can be put on the ballot if enough 1. Can be put on the ballot if enough
people sign a petition.people sign a petition.
2. Grassroots - support from many 2. Grassroots - support from many
individuals at the local level rather individuals at the local level rather
from national parties and other large from national parties and other large
organizations.organizations.
3. Can also be a write-in candidate.3. Can also be a write-in candidate.
G. General ElectionsG. General Elections
1. Presidential elections take place the 1. Presidential elections take place the
first Tuesday after the first Monday in first Tuesday after the first Monday in
November every four years. (even November every four years. (even
numbered)numbered)
2. Congressional elections take place the 2. Congressional elections take place the
same day but are every two or six years.same day but are every two or six years.
a. Depends if your running for house or a. Depends if your running for house or
Senate.Senate.
3. Secret Ballot - voting on paper so a 3. Secret Ballot - voting on paper so a
person can not see how you voted.person can not see how you voted.
H. Voting TodayH. Voting Today
1. Most places use a voting machine. 1. Most places use a voting machine.
(Not Greenbush)(Not Greenbush)
2. Straight Ticket - voting for all 2. Straight Ticket - voting for all
candidates of one party.candidates of one party.
3. Split Ticket - voting for candidates of 3. Split Ticket - voting for candidates of
more than 1 party.more than 1 party.
4. Most states require employers to give 4. Most states require employers to give
employees time off to vote.employees time off to vote.
NOMINATING AND ELECTING OUR LEADERS
A. Convention DelegatesA. Convention Delegates
1. Are usually chosen in presidential 1. Are usually chosen in presidential
primaries.primaries.
2. Both parties use complicated formulas 2. Both parties use complicated formulas
in determining how many delegates in determining how many delegates
they will have at the primary.they will have at the primary.
B. National Nominating ConventionsB. National Nominating Conventions
1. Party Platform (list of statements on 1. Party Platform (list of statements on
certain issues) is adopted.certain issues) is adopted.
a. Plank - individual part of a a. Plank - individual part of a
platform.platform.
2. Delegates are seated by state.2. Delegates are seated by state.
3. First convention was held in 18313. First convention was held in 1831
4. Most conventions are held in areas of 4. Most conventions are held in areas of
central geographical location. central geographical location.
C. Presidential CandidatesC. Presidential Candidates
1. Most important item of business at a 1. Most important item of business at a
national convention is choosing the national convention is choosing the
party’s candidate for President.party’s candidate for President.
2. Majority of votes is needed from state 2. Majority of votes is needed from state
delegates.delegates.
a. Chairperson of each state delegation a. Chairperson of each state delegation
announces how the state is voting. announces how the state is voting.
(roll call)(roll call)
3. Usually the leading candidate receives 3. Usually the leading candidate receives
the majority of votes on the first call.the majority of votes on the first call.
4. Favorite Son or Daughter - when 4. Favorite Son or Daughter - when
delegates nominate a candidate who is delegates nominate a candidate who is
from their state and is popular. (Do it to from their state and is popular. (Do it to
just show their support.)just show their support.)
5. Delegates usually favor whomever the 5. Delegates usually favor whomever the
presidential candidate chooses as vice presidential candidate chooses as vice
president.president.
a. Balance the Ticket - Vice President is a. Balance the Ticket - Vice President is
chosen who will likely appeal to chosen who will likely appeal to
voters who otherwise might not vote voters who otherwise might not vote
for the presidential candidate.for the presidential candidate.
b. Sarah Palin was the last b. Sarah Palin was the last
woman to run for Vice-President.woman to run for Vice-President.
c. There has never been a women Vice- c. There has never been a women Vice-
President.President.
D. The Election CampaignD. The Election Campaign
1. Media is most widely used source of 1. Media is most widely used source of
campaigning.campaigning.
2. After conventions candidates may 2. After conventions candidates may
take a little break.take a little break.
3. Campaign moves into high gear after 3. Campaign moves into high gear after
labor day until the election.labor day until the election.
4. Campaign Managers - advise 4. Campaign Managers - advise
candidates which issues to speak out on candidates which issues to speak out on
as well as which issues to avoid.as well as which issues to avoid.
a. They take complete control of a a. They take complete control of a
candidates election campaign.candidates election campaign.
E. National DebatesE. National Debates
1. Many years ago, presidential 1. Many years ago, presidential
candidates did not take an active role candidates did not take an active role
in their campaign.in their campaign.
2. First debate was held between 2. First debate was held between
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A.
Douglas. (Senate)Douglas. (Senate)
a. Central idea was slavery into U.S. a. Central idea was slavery into U.S.
territories.territories.
b. Douglas believed the U.S. could be b. Douglas believed the U.S. could be
divided into free and slave states. divided into free and slave states.
c. Douglas won reelection.c. Douglas won reelection.
3. Lincoln gained nation wide exposure for 3. Lincoln gained nation wide exposure for
his views.his views.
4. First aired Presidential debate involved 4. First aired Presidential debate involved
Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy.Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy.
a. Kennedy won a tight election.a. Kennedy won a tight election.
5. Debates usually involve the following:5. Debates usually involve the following:
a. Opening statementsa. Opening statements
b. Series of questions from reportersb. Series of questions from reporters
c. Closing statementsc. Closing statements
6. Candidates rarely can question each other 6. Candidates rarely can question each other
but can respond to criticism of the other but can respond to criticism of the other
candidate.candidate.
F. Election DayF. Election Day
1. Many party workers call people to see 1. Many party workers call people to see
how they vote.how they vote.
a. Registration Committee - helps get a. Registration Committee - helps get
voters registered so that they will be voters registered so that they will be
eligible to vote.eligible to vote.
b. Poll Committee - members who b. Poll Committee - members who
stay at polls, (voting places) to see stay at polls, (voting places) to see
who has voted. who has voted.
2. Because of time differences the first 2. Because of time differences the first
returns come from the east.returns come from the east.
a. Polls in the east are closed before a. Polls in the east are closed before
those in the west.those in the west.
IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS WHAT PROBLEMS THIS MAY CAUSE WHAT PROBLEMS THIS MAY CAUSE (4 MIN)(4 MIN)
A. The Electoral CollegeA. The Electoral College
1. Popular Vote - Votes cast by the 1. Popular Vote - Votes cast by the
people.people.
a. Minority President - President who a. Minority President - President who
does not receive a majority of the does not receive a majority of the
popular vote.popular vote.
- George W. Bush was the most - George W. Bush was the most
recent. (2000)recent. (2000)
2. Citizen's casting a vote are voting for 2. Citizen's casting a vote are voting for
a special kind of representative who a special kind of representative who
promises to vote for that candidate. promises to vote for that candidate.
(elector)(elector)
a. Electoral College - Special a. Electoral College - Special
Representative from each state Representative from each state
who choose the President.who choose the President.
3. States with greater population have more 3. States with greater population have more
electors.electors.
4. States have the same number of electors as 4. States have the same number of electors as
they have members in Congress.they have members in Congress.
5. There are 538 total electoral votes.5. There are 538 total electoral votes.
6. Each elector gathers in their state capital 6. Each elector gathers in their state capital
on the first Monday after the second on the first Monday after the second
Wednesday in December to cast their Wednesday in December to cast their vote.vote.
7. If no candidate gets a majority of the7. If no candidate gets a majority of the
electoral votes the three candidates with electoral votes the three candidates with
the highest number are sent to the House the highest number are sent to the House
of Representatives who chooses the of Representatives who chooses the
President. President.
a. Each state has only one vote.a. Each state has only one vote.
b. Only in 1800 and 1824 has the House b. Only in 1800 and 1824 has the House
chosen the President.chosen the President.
c. Vice-President is chosen by the c. Vice-President is chosen by the
Senate.Senate.
B. History of the Electoral College B. History of the Electoral College
1. Originally electors voted for two 1. Originally electors voted for two
candidates. candidates.
a. Highest vote getter would be the a. Highest vote getter would be the
President.President.
b. Second highest vote getter would b. Second highest vote getter would
be the Vice-President.be the Vice-President.
c. 25th Amendment changed this by c. 25th Amendment changed this by
making it possible for each making it possible for each
political party to nominate one political party to nominate one
candidate for President and one candidate for President and one
for Vice Pres.for Vice Pres.
C. A Compromise PlanC. A Compromise Plan
1. Two reason for making the plan of 1. Two reason for making the plan of
electing the President complicated. electing the President complicated.
a. Gave states an important role in a. Gave states an important role in
choosing President.choosing President.
b. Compromise between large and b. Compromise between large and
small states.small states.
- electoral college would shorten - electoral college would shorten
the list.the list.
-states were given equal power in -states were given equal power in
househouse
2. Plan did not work as expected because 2. Plan did not work as expected because
a candidate usually does get a majority a candidate usually does get a majority
of votes.of votes.
D. Other Changes in the Presidential D. Other Changes in the Presidential
Election SystemElection System
1. Political parties nominate electors.1. Political parties nominate electors.
2. Most recent case of elector not voting 2. Most recent case of elector not voting
for candidate was when an elector for candidate was when an elector
pledged to Al Gore did not vote or pledged to Al Gore did not vote or
abstained.abstained.
3. States set rules for choosing electors.3. States set rules for choosing electors.
E. “Winner Take All” Method of ChoosingE. “Winner Take All” Method of Choosing
1. A Presidential candidate gets ALL 1. A Presidential candidate gets ALL
electoral votes if he/she receives a electoral votes if he/she receives a
majority of the popular vote.majority of the popular vote.
IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS IF IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS IF YOU WOULD CHANGE THE YOU WOULD CHANGE THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE SYSTEM. IF ELECTORAL COLLEGE SYSTEM. IF SO HOW? IF NOT, WHY?SO HOW? IF NOT, WHY?
2. 2000 Al Gore received a 2. 2000 Al Gore received a
majority of the popular vote but majority of the popular vote but
George W. Bush won the election George W. Bush won the election
with a majority of the electoral vote.with a majority of the electoral vote.
F. Other PlansF. Other Plans
1. Direct election by the people.1. Direct election by the people.
2. Abolish winner take all method.2. Abolish winner take all method.
a. Proportional Plan - Candidate gets a a. Proportional Plan - Candidate gets a
percentage of electoral votes based percentage of electoral votes based
on the percentage of popular votes on the percentage of popular votes
he/she gets.he/she gets.
G. Why Might States Oppose Abolishing the G. Why Might States Oppose Abolishing the
Electoral College?Electoral College?
1. They may have an even smaller 1. They may have an even smaller
percentage of popular vote. percentage of popular vote.
H. Other Arguments in Favor of the H. Other Arguments in Favor of the Electoral Electoral
College.College.
1. Proportional system could create more 1. Proportional system could create more
deadlocks and force elections into the deadlocks and force elections into the
House of Representatives.House of Representatives.
2. Discourages third parties2. Discourages third parties
a. Most third parties are too small to a. Most third parties are too small to
win a majority of the popular vote.win a majority of the popular vote.
POSSIBLE ASSIGNMENTSPOSSIBLE ASSIGNMENTS
1. Democratic convention video.1. Democratic convention video.
2. Electoral college map2. Electoral college map
3. Case Studies (pg. 53, 54)3. Case Studies (pg. 53, 54)
4. Enrichment (pg. 10)4. Enrichment (pg. 10)
5. Write a one page paper on 1 of the 5. Write a one page paper on 1 of the
political parties.political parties.
6. Develop a party platform6. Develop a party platform
7. Hold a mock-nominating convention7. Hold a mock-nominating convention
8. Media and the President Video8. Media and the President Video
9. Presidential T.V. Commercial9. Presidential T.V. Commercial
10. Presidential Debate10. Presidential Debate
8. Section Review (pg. 198, 203)8. Section Review (pg. 198, 203)
9. Building your portfolio (pg. 205)9. Building your portfolio (pg. 205)
10. American government wks. (pg. 26, 25, 10. American government wks. (pg. 26, 25,
27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 41)27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 41)
EXTRA CREDIT (5 pts.)EXTRA CREDIT (5 pts.)
1. Voc Workshop, Reviewing Main Ideas, 1. Voc Workshop, Reviewing Main Ideas,
Thinking CriticallyThinking Critically