Webinar: MSc in Software, Systems and Services Development in Global Environment
Chapter 1 The Systems Development Environment
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Transcript of Chapter 1 The Systems Development Environment
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 1
Chapter 1
The Systems Development Environment
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 2
Learning Objectives
5. Classify different types of software development models. Explain the evolution of software development
models. Identify the types of software development
models. Identify the application areas for which software
development models are suitable.
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 3
Learning Objectives
Explain Rapid Application Development (RAD) and its constituent parts: prototyping, Joint Application Design (JAD), and Computer-Aided Software Engineering.
Describe the Agile Methodologies and eXtreme Programming.
Explain Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and the Rational Unified Process (RUP).
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 4
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
• It is a traditional methodology for developing, maintaining, and replacing information systems.
• Phases in SDLC: Planning Analysis Design Implementation Maintenance
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 5
Standard and Evolutionary Views of SDLC
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 6
The Heart of the Systems Development Process
Current practice combines analysis, design, and implementation into a single iterative and parallel process of activities
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 7
Traditional Waterfall SDLC
One phase begins when another completes, little backtracking and looping
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 8
Problems with Waterfall Approach
• System requirements “locked in” after being determined (can't change)
• Limited user involvement (only in requirements phase)
• Too much focus on milestone deadlines of SDLC phases to the detriment of sound development practices
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 9
Alternatives to Traditional Waterfall SDLC
• Prototyping• CASE tools• Joint Application Design (JAD)• Rapid Application Development (RAD)• Agile Methodologies• eXtreme Programming
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 10
Prototyping
Iterative development process: Requirements quickly converted to a working systemSystem is continually revisedClose collaboration between users and analysts
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 11
CASE Tools
• Computer-Aided Software Engineering• Software tools providing automated support
for systems development• Project dictionary/workbook: system
description and specifications• Diagramming tools• Example products: Oracle Designer, Rational
Rose
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 12
Joint Application Design (JAD)
• Structured process involving users, analysts, and managers
• Several-day intensive workgroup sessions• Purpose: to specify or review system
requirements
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 13
Rapid Application Development (RAD)
• Methodology to decrease design and implementation time• Involves: prototyping, JAD, CASE tools, and code generators
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 14
Agile Methodologies
• Motivated by recognition of software development as fluid, unpredictable, and dynamic
• Three key principles: Adaptive rather than predictive Emphasize people rather than roles Self-adaptive processes
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 15
eXtreme Programming
• Short, incremental development cycles• Automated tests• Two-person programming teams• Coding and testing operate together• Advantages:
Communication between developers High level of productivity High-quality code
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 16
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design
• Based on objects rather than data or processes• Object: a structure encapsulating attributes and
behaviors of a real-world entity• Object class: a logical grouping of objects sharing the
same attributes and behaviors• Inheritance: hierarchical arrangement of classes
enable subclasses to inherit properties of superclasses
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 17
Rational Unified Process (RUP) involves an iterative, incremental approach to systems development
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 18
Summary
In this chapter you learned how to:
5. Classify different types of software development models. Explain the evolution of software development
models. Identify the types of software development
models. Identify the application areas for which software
development models are suitable.
© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. SE350 System Analysis for Software Engineers: Unit 4 Slide 19
Explain Rapid Application Development (RAD) and its constituent parts: prototyping, Joint Application Design (JAD), and Computer-Aided Software Engineering.
Describe the Agile Methodologies and eXtreme Programming.
Explain Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and the Rational Unified Process (RUP).
Summary