Chapter 1 Psychological Science Experimentation. Experiment an investigator manipulates one or...
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Transcript of Chapter 1 Psychological Science Experimentation. Experiment an investigator manipulates one or...
Chapter 1
Psychological Science
Experimentation
Experimentation
Experiment an investigator manipulates one or more
factors (independent variables) to observe their effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable)
by random assignment of participants the experiment controls other relevant factors
Theory
Seeing violence on TV causes children to behave violently in real life.
Hypothesis
If children watch a violent TV show, they will be more likely to act violently than if children do not watch a violent TV show.
Operational Definitions
If children watch a violent TV show, they will be more likely to act violently than if children do not watch a violent TV show.
Children watch violent TV show more likely act violently non-violent TV show
Experimental Design
Population
100 children ages 5-8
Random Assignment Independent variable
Dependent variable
Record evidence of violent behavior
Record evidence of violent behavior
Experimentation Placebo
an inert substance or condition that may be administered instead of a presumed active agent, such as a drug, to see if it triggers the effects believed to characterize the active agent
Double-blind Procedure both the research participants and the research
staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo
commonly used in drug-evaluation studies
Experimentation
Experimental Condition the condition of an experiment that exposes
participants to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable
Control Condition the condition of an experiment that contrasts
with the experimental treatment serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect
of the treatment
Experimentation
Random Assignment assigning participants to
experimental and control conditions by chance
minimizes pre-existing differences between those assigned to the different groups
Experimentation Independent Variable
the experimental factor that is manipulated the variable whose effect is being studied
Dependent Variable the experimental factor that may change in
response to manipulations of the independent variable
in psychology it is usually a behavior or mental process
Experimentation
Design an experiment that would test the effects of alcohol consumption on hand-eye coordination. Be sure to include how your subjects are selected and assigned, the control and experimental conditions, independent and dependent variables, as well as any extraneous or confounding variables.