Chapter 1 Notes The Properties of Matter

What is Matter?Matter is anything that has Mass and

Volume

Mass is the amount of matter an object contains.◦Units: grams (g), kilograms (kg)

Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.◦Units: liters (L), milliliters (mL), cubic

centimeters (cm3)

Vocabulary YOUneed to know!

Meniscus

Physical vs. Chemical Properties

Physical PropertiesPhysical properties can be observed or measured

without changing the identity of the matter.

Examples:◦ Color◦ Odor◦ Mass◦ Volume◦ Density (Density = Mass/Volume)◦ State – Solid, Liquid, or Gas?◦ Malleability – Can I flatten it?◦ Ductility – Can I stretch it into a thin wire?◦ Solubility – Can I dissolve it in something?◦ Thermal Conductivity – Does it carry heat?

Chemical PropertiesChemical properties describe a

substance’s ability to change into a new, different substance.

Examples:◦Flammability – Does it burn?◦Reactivity – Does it react when

mixed?

Characteristic PropertiesCharacteristic properties are always the

same, whether the object is large or small.

Characteristic properties can be physical or chemical.

Examples:◦Density◦Solubility◦Reactivity

Physical ChangesIn a physical change, a physical

property changes, but the identity of the substance does not change.

Physical changes are sometimes easy to undo

Examples: ◦Melting ice or boiling water◦Ripping paper into pieces◦Dissolving sugar into water

Chemical ChangesIn a chemical change, a substance

changes into a different substance.

Chemical changes are usually difficult to undo.

Examples:◦Burning wood or “snakes”◦Spoiling milk (curdling)◦Rusting metal

http://www.gamequarium.org/dir/Gamequarium/Science/Physical_and_Chemical_Changes/