Chapter 1 Motivation. What are the behaviors and attitudes of an “A” student? 1.List three...
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Chapter 1 MotivationChapter 1 Motivation
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What are the behaviors and What are the behaviors and attitudes of an “A” student?attitudes of an “A” student?
1. List three important behaviors that an “A” student would have.
2. Get in a group of three students and compare lists
3. Report
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What Do I Want from College?What Do I Want from College?
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Exercise:Exercise:What Do I Want fromWhat Do I Want fromCollege? College? Share your most important Share your most important reason with the class. reason with the class.
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Value of a College EducationValue of a College Education
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Lifetime IncomeLifetime Income
HIGH SCHOOL $883,440HIGH SCHOOL $883,440 SOME COLLEGE $942,630SOME COLLEGE $942,630 ASSOCIATE $1,139,700ASSOCIATE $1,139,700 BACHELORS $1,640,670BACHELORS $1,640,670 MASTERS $2,036, 940MASTERS $2,036, 940 PROFESSIONAL $3,570,270PROFESSIONAL $3,570,270
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Yearly IncomeYearly Income
HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL $29,448 $29,448 SOME COLLEGESOME COLLEGE $31,421 $31,421 ASSOCIATE ASSOCIATE $37,990 $37,990 BACHELORSBACHELORS $54, 689 $54, 689 MASTERSMASTERS $67,898 $67,898 PROFESSIONAL PROFESSIONAL $119,009$119,009
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What is the Value of a College What is the Value of a College Degree?Degree?
$1,640,670 College Graduate $ 883,440 High School Graduate $757,230 Value of College Degree
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College graduates College graduates makemake
almost almost twice as much twice as much as as high school graduates high school graduates
over a lifetime.over a lifetime.
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How Much is Each College How Much is Each College Class Worth?Class Worth?
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$18, 931 per 3 unit class$18, 931 per 3 unit class($757,230 divided by 40 ($757,230 divided by 40 classes for a BA or BS)classes for a BA or BS)
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What is one hour of a college What is one hour of a college class worth?class worth?
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$394 per hour in class $394 per hour in class ($18,931 divided by 48 hours ($18,931 divided by 48 hours in class)in class)
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Would you attend class today Would you attend class today be be prepared if I were to pay be be prepared if I were to pay you $394?you $394?
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Of course, these payments Of course, these payments are over a working lifetime of are over a working lifetime of 30 years.30 years.
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How do you motivate How do you motivate yourself?yourself? What if you don’t feel like coming to What if you don’t feel like coming to
class or doing your homework. How do class or doing your homework. How do you motivate yourself to do it anyway?you motivate yourself to do it anyway?
ThinkThink Discuss with the person next to Discuss with the person next to
youyou Share ideasShare ideas
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Choosing a MajorChoosing a Major
3 out of 4 students are undecided about 3 out of 4 students are undecided about their majorstheir majors
30-70 % of a class changes majors 2 or 30-70 % of a class changes majors 2 or more timesmore times
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Choosing a CareerChoosing a CareerHealth
Stress Personality
Heredity Interests
Environment Values
Beliefs Intelligence
Traditions Learning
Culture Social Roles
Experience Relationships
Critical Thinking
CAREERCHOICE
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There are many ways to be There are many ways to be motivated. Let’s see if any motivated. Let’s see if any are useful to you.are useful to you. Improve your concentrationImprove your concentration
Manage your external environmentManage your external environment Intrinsic or extrinsic motivationIntrinsic or extrinsic motivation Locus of controlLocus of control Achievement motivationAchievement motivation Learning principlesLearning principles
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Concentration and motivation Concentration and motivation are connectedare connected
If you can focus on what you are doing, If you can focus on what you are doing, you are motivated to continue.you are motivated to continue.
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Ways to Improve Your Ways to Improve Your ConcentrationConcentration
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Manage Your External EnvironmentManage Your External Environment
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Minimize DistractionsMinimize Distractions
If you study in the kitchen, you will be If you study in the kitchen, you will be distracted by fooddistracted by food
If you study in front of the TV, you will If you study in front of the TV, you will be tempted to watch itbe tempted to watch it
If you study in bed, it will be difficult to If you study in bed, it will be difficult to say awakesay awake
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Be Here NowBe Here Now
Choose where you will place your Choose where you will place your attention attention
When your mind wanders, gently bring it When your mind wanders, gently bring it back. Forcing attention does not work. back. Forcing attention does not work.
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For example, do not think For example, do not think about pink elephants!about pink elephants!
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How many of you thought How many of you thought about pink elephants?about pink elephants?
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When your mind wanders, When your mind wanders, gently bring it back to the here gently bring it back to the here and now.and now.
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Can you be here now for two Can you be here now for two minutes?minutes?
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Focus on this number for 2 Focus on this number for 2 minutes:minutes:
1
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Where did your mind goWhere did your mind goduring these two minutes?during these two minutes?
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The Spider TechniqueThe Spider Technique
Learn to ignore distractions and keep Learn to ignore distractions and keep your attention focusedyour attention focused
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Set up a Worry TimeSet up a Worry Time
Set a time each daySet a time each day When worries distract you, remind When worries distract you, remind
yourself of the time set aside to worryyourself of the time set aside to worry Be here nowBe here now Keep your worry appointmentKeep your worry appointment Find solutionsFind solutions
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Increase Your ActivityIncrease Your Activity
Take a breakTake a break StretchStretch MoveMove Read and listen activelyRead and listen actively
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The Checkmark TechniqueThe Checkmark Technique
When you find yourself distracted, place When you find yourself distracted, place a checkmark on a piece of paper and a checkmark on a piece of paper and refocus your attentionrefocus your attention
With practice you will have fewer With practice you will have fewer checkmarks and distractionscheckmarks and distractions
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Change TopicsChange Topics
You may need to study for a short You may need to study for a short period of time and change subjectsperiod of time and change subjects
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Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic MotivationMotivation
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Intrinsic MotivationIntrinsic Motivation
Comes from within yourselfComes from within yourself
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Extrinsic MotivationExtrinsic Motivation
Comes from outside yourselfComes from outside yourself
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Which is the more powerful Which is the more powerful motivator?motivator? Intrinsic or extrinsic motivation?Intrinsic or extrinsic motivation?
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Intrinsic motivation is the most Intrinsic motivation is the most powerfulpowerful
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Locus of ControlLocus of Control
Where you place responsibility for Where you place responsibility for control over your lifecontrol over your life InternalInternal ExternalExternal
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Internal Locus of ControlInternal Locus of Control
Believe they are in control of their livesBelieve they are in control of their lives Self-motivatedSelf-motivated Learn from mistakesLearn from mistakes Think positivelyThink positively
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External Locus of ControlExternal Locus of Control
Others control their livesOthers control their lives Life is a result of luck or fateLife is a result of luck or fate Rely on external motivationRely on external motivation Look for someone to blameLook for someone to blame Think negativelyThink negatively Victims of circumstanceVictims of circumstance
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What is more likely to lead to What is more likely to lead to achievement in college?achievement in college?
Internal Locus of Control?Internal Locus of Control? External Locus of Control?External Locus of Control?
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Internal locus of control is Internal locus of control is most likely to lead to success most likely to lead to success in college.in college.
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More Types of MotivationMore Types of Motivation
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Affiliation MotivationAffiliation Motivation
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How can you use affiliation How can you use affiliation motivation to be successful in motivation to be successful in college?college?
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Affiliation MotivationAffiliation Motivation
Study GroupsStudy Groups FriendsFriends AthleticsAthletics ClubsClubs ActivitiesActivities
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Achievement MotivationAchievement Motivation
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Are you motivated by Are you motivated by achievement?achievement? Competition for gradesCompetition for grades Winning the gameWinning the game Earning moneyEarning money Recognition for achievementRecognition for achievement
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Learning and MotivationLearning and Motivation
Psychologists believe that much of our Psychologists believe that much of our behavior is learnedbehavior is learned
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Operant ConditioningOperant Conditioning
Behavior is increased or decreased Behavior is increased or decreased depending on the consequences of the depending on the consequences of the behaviorbehavior
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For ExampleFor Example If you sit in a seat If you sit in a seat
and a nice person and a nice person sits next to you, you sits next to you, you are more likely to sit are more likely to sit in that seat againin that seat again
The consequence is The consequence is positive and the positive and the behavior is behavior is increasedincreased
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For ExampleFor Example If you sit in a seat If you sit in a seat and a bothersome and a bothersome person sits next to person sits next to you, you are less you, you are less likely to sit in that likely to sit in that seat again.seat again.
The consequence is The consequence is negative and the negative and the behavior is behavior is decreased.decreased.
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Positive ReinforcementPositive Reinforcement
If the consequences of your behavior If the consequences of your behavior are positive, you are more likely to do it are positive, you are more likely to do it again. You have been positively again. You have been positively reinforced. reinforced.
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Find a reward to increase Find a reward to increase desirable behavior.desirable behavior.
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Good rewards:Good rewards:
1. Do not involve alcohol or 1. Do not involve alcohol or drugsdrugs
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Good rewards: Good rewards:
1. Do not involve alcohol or 1. Do not involve alcohol or drugsdrugs2. Do not have too many 2. Do not have too many caloriescalories
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Good rewards:Good rewards:1. Do not involve alcohol or 1. Do not involve alcohol or drugsdrugs2. Do not have too many 2. Do not have too many caloriescalories3. Do not cost too much 3. Do not cost too much moneymoney
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What are some good rewards What are some good rewards for studying?for studying?
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Success is a Success is a
HABITHABIT
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Success is a HabitSuccess is a Habit
We establish habits by taking small We establish habits by taking small actions each dayactions each day
You can establish habits for successYou can establish habits for success
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Exercise:Exercise:
I am successful when I:I am successful when I:
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Exercise:Exercise:
I am successful when I:I am successful when I:
Behaviors which interfere with Behaviors which interfere with my success:my success:
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Exercise:Exercise:
I am successful when I:I am successful when I:
Behaviors which interfere with Behaviors which interfere with my success:my success:
I would like to:I would like to:
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A PRACTICAL A PRACTICAL EXAMPLEEXAMPLE
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Step 1. Step 1.
State the problem.State the problem.
I have a chocolate chip cookie eating habit
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Step 2Step 2
Choose one small Choose one small behavior at a timebehavior at a time
Make it smallMake it small
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Changing one small behavior Changing one small behavior is like making a ripple on a is like making a ripple on a lakelake
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Change one small behavior Change one small behavior and you can change your life.and you can change your life.
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I will eat a healthy snack. I will eat a healthy snack.
NOTNOTI will lose weightI will lose weightororI will never eat cookiesI will never eat cookies
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Step 3:Step 3:
State in a positive way the State in a positive way the behavior you wish to behavior you wish to accomplishaccomplish
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EXAMPLEEXAMPLE
I will eat a healthy snack I will eat a healthy snack instead of eating cookies.instead of eating cookies.
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Write an intention statementWrite an intention statement
I intend to eat a healthysnack.
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Step 4Step 4
Count the behaviorCount the behavior
How many cookies do IEat each day?
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Step 5:Step 5:Picture in your mind the Picture in your mind the actions you will take. actions you will take. Visualize your success. Visualize your success.
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Step 6Step 6
PracticePractice10 daysKeep a Log
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Step 7Step 7
Find a reward for Find a reward for your behavioryour behavior
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Step 6: What reward will you Step 6: What reward will you use?use?
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The first 3 times are the most The first 3 times are the most difficultdifficult
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Practice 10 times to Practice 10 times to make a new habitmake a new habit
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However it only takes 3 times However it only takes 3 times to start a bad habit!to start a bad habit!
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What if I fail?What if I fail?
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Positive thinking is a key to Positive thinking is a key to successsuccess
Try Again
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10 Habits of Successful College Students10 Habits of Successful College Students
Attend class.Attend class. Read the textbook.Read the textbook. Have an educational plan.Have an educational plan. Use college services.Use college services. Get to know the faculty.Get to know the faculty.
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10 Habits of Successful College Students10 Habits of Successful College Students
Limit outside employment to 20 hours a Limit outside employment to 20 hours a week for a full time student.week for a full time student.
Take one step at a time.Take one step at a time. Have a goal for the future.Have a goal for the future. Visualize your success.Visualize your success. Ask questions. Ask questions.
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AssignmentAssignment
How to Change a HabitHow to Change a HabitKeep a log for 10 daysKeep a log for 10 days
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Keys to Success: PersistenceKeys to Success: Persistence
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Persistence Will Get You Persistence Will Get You Almost Anything EventuallyAlmost Anything Eventually
When is this true?When is this true? When is it When is it notnot true? true?
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90% of success is showing 90% of success is showing up!up!
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Make a commitment Make a commitment to reach your dreamsto reach your dreams
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Getting a college degree can Getting a college degree can be like climbing Mt. Everestbe like climbing Mt. Everest
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How to Climb Mt. EverestHow to Climb Mt. Everest
A small step at a timeA small step at a time
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Master college one step at a Master college one step at a timetime
Get started.Get started. Attend the first class.Attend the first class. Read the first chapter.Read the first chapter. Start a new study habit.Start a new study habit.
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Video: Climbing Mt. EverestVideo: Climbing Mt. Everest