Chapter 1

Introduction toSport Governance

Overview of the Sport Industry

Continually expanding and evolving

Scope:In 2011, industry value was between $480 and $620 billionPeople- and service-oriented

Sport governance courses:

Big-picture approach How the various industry segments work together

Some Segments of the Sport Industry

• Professional sport• 1. ___________________• Intercollegiate• athletics • 2. ___________________• Olympic and

Paralympic movements

• 3. ___________________• Recreational sport• 4. ___________________• Facility management• 5. ___________________• Event management

• Sport for people with disabilities

• 6. _____________________• Health and fitness• 7. _____________________• Sport club management• 8. _____________________• Interscholastic sport• 9. _____________________• Sport marketing• 10. ____________________• Legal aspects of sport

Your Point of View

What is your reaction to these statements?

•The sport industry in the United States is among the country’s top 15 to 18 largest industries

•What is your feeling about how much emphasis is placed on sports?

•Too much emphasis? not enough? just the right amount?

Value of the Sport Industry in Europe

White Paper on Sport in Europe by the European Commission (2011):

• “A study presented in 2006 indicates that sport at large has generated a value added of 407 billion Euros in 2004, … and created 15 million jobs representing 5.4% of the workforce. The contribution of sport should be highlighted and accentuated….”

• A growing share of the economic value of sport is linked to intellectual property rights:

• 1. copyright

• 2. commercial communications

• 3. trademarks

• 4. image right and media rights

SPORT GOVERNANCEIs simple to complicated

Definition of Sport Governance

• The exercise of power and authority in sport organizations to determine:• Organizational mission• Membership• Eligibility• Regulatory power

• Three levels: local, national, and international

EXAMPLES OF LEVELS

• Examples of the local level: _______________

• Example of the regional level:________________

• Examples of the international level:_____________________

What Is an Organization?Attributes According to Chelladurai (2009)

• Identity

• Program of activity

•Membership

• Clear boundaries

• Permanency

• Division of labor

• Hierarchy of authority

• Formal rules and procedures

IDENTITY• An established team

or

• organization that has a

• name that people can

• identify with. And this

• can range from local to

• national in the U.S.

PROGRAM OF ACTIVITY

• The organization have• goals it set to achieve• and the goals are tied to • it’s mission statement.

•The Superbowl Champs

Membership

• The organization has certain standards for membership.

Clear Boundaries

• Knowledge of who belongs and who does not belong to an organization or group.

Permanency

• Personnel or members may come and go, but the organization itself remain in place.

• It will not fade during time and changes.

DIVISION OF LABOR

Within an organization there are various functions that must be completed. In the front office of an NFL team there is a need for:

a.Marketing

b.Ticket Sales

c.Media relation

d.Community liaison

e.Facility management

Hierarchy of Authority

Formal Rules and Procedures

Regulatory Power

The ability to:

•Enforce rules

• Impose punishments or sanctions

Influences on Sport Organizations

External Task or operating (proximal) environmentGeneral (distal) environment

InternalSpecific policies and procedures

The Need for Awareness

Sport organizations are constantly interacting with various environments.

Sport managers must be aware of what is happening and adapt accordingly.

Your Point of View

You work for a minor league team, and one of your players has been using social media to comment on his fellow teammates, players on opposing teams, and journalists. He has also publicly revealed some things that are best left private.

What kind of policies can you put in place to encourage social media use but address inappropriate usage?

The Five Rs of Good Governance

1. Regulations

2. Rules

3. Rankings

4. Records

5. Results

Sampling of Organizational Units

General Assemblies

Executive Committees, Governing Boards, and Management Councils

Standing Committees

Ad Hoc Committees

Executive Staff

Constitutions and Bylaws

• Outline an organization’s basic functions

• Constitution:• Governing document• Core principles and values

• Bylaws:• Operational in nature• How the organization conducts business

Constitution of International Volleyball Federation (FIVB)—Table of Contents

Source: Condensed from Siekmann, R.C.R., & Soek, J. (1998). Basic documents of international sports organizations. The Hague, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International.

Bylaws of the International Handball Federation (IHF)—Table of Contents

Source: Condensed from Siekmann, R.C.R., & Soek, J. (1998). Basic documents of international sports organizations. The Hague, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International.

Why Study Sport Governance?• Understand the big picture

• Understand how governance fits in the sport management curriculum

• Understand how governance will fit in your career

Sport Management academic programs has increased greatly.In 1987, two academic organization:

1. North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM).2. National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE).

Today, Sport Management education programs can be fully accredited by an organization known as COSMA- the Commission on Sport Management Accreditation.Governance is now included in the COSMA documents as one of the common professional components.

Governance in the Sport Management Curriculum.

CASE STUDY

Review Case Study on page 18.

Answer questions 1-4

Be prepared to discuss.

ASSIGNMENTS

Go to COSMA website:

cosmaweb.org/ and go to their vision and mission section and print and bring to the next class.

Go to nassm.com website and pint homepage and bring to class.