PROJECT MANAGEMENT 2011 Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1-1 1.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management
-
Upload
selah-abdulahi -
Category
Documents
-
view
240 -
download
2
description
Transcript of Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
PROF. DR. TAHİR ÇELİK
CYPRUS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1
2
WHAT IS A CONSTRUCTION
PROJECT? • A construction project consists of a series of
tasks that have the following characteristics:
• Specific start and end dates
• Defined scope and objectives
• Budget and schedule
• Unique and non-repetitive (particular mega projects)
• Consumes resources (e.g. money, materials, people (manpower), equipment (machines) and time (minutes).
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
3
Project Management is the overall
planning, control and coordination of a
project from inception to completion aimed
at meeting the client’s requirements and
ensuring completion on time, within cost and to the required quality standards.
4
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Schedule
Quality Budget
Project
Management
Time
Fund
END
PRODUCT
Material
GOALS
Labor
Equipment
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Ø Planning
Ø Executing
Ø Controling
5
ELEMENTS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
6
PLANNING
•Set objectives
•Survey resources Form strategy
CONTROLLING
•Measure achievements
against goals
•Report
Resolve problems
EXECUTING
• Allocating resources
Guide execution
Co-ordinate effort Motivate staff
MANAGERIAL CYCLE
PLANNING PLANNING a. The first task of planning is to establish the
objectives to be achieved in a project. The following is a list of possible objectives: successful completion of a project; this
means on time within budget in compliance with contract documents and specifications.
improved productivity improved or new construction technology improved public relations improved/changed company image
7
b. Once the objectives are established, a plan must be developed aimed at meeting these objectives.
ØThere are many methods and techniques for the planning and scheduling in use: Bar chart
NETWORK (CPM)
Line of balance etc.
ØAnd there are also many package programmes such as Microsoft Project, Primavera etc.
8
EXECUTING
Allocating resources : After the plan is developed, necessary resources has to be provided and allocated to this plan.
Allocation of resources to a plan is another important function of management.
ØLet us review these resources briefly (5 M’s): Time (Minute)
Money
Manpower; managers, staff, labourers
Materials: should be supplied on time in sufficient quantities and quality, in compliance with specifications.
Plant, equipment, (Machinery)
9
EXECUTION (continued)
• It is the allocation of resources that
makes a construction plan into a
construction schedule and that
gets the work to be executed and
completed according to the plan.
• Once the resources are brought to
the site, then guide execution,
coordinate effort and motivating
the staff become key to successful
completion of the plan.
10
CONTROLLING
A project control system has to be
established to achieve:
Time control
Cost control
Quality control
Safety control
Good management enables management to
run the construction operations successfully
and it also enables management to detect
deviations from the original plan.
Reports, . Resolve problems 11
PARTIES TO THE
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
a. Client (owner)
b. The users
c. The designers
d. The executers
e. Public authorities and agencies
12
a. Client
The word is used for the organisation
which needs the end product and has
the authority (and the money) to order
and approve it.
Individual
Organisation
Government
b. The Users
They are the people who must operate
and maintain the facilities which have
been provided. 13
c. The Designers
These are the architects and specialists
responsible for translating the client's
requirements into reality. The designing
team is composed by:
Architects,
structural engineers in the design of the structure,
draughtsmen to produce working drawings from the
sketches,
electrical engineers in the design of power and
lighting supplies
civil engineers in the design of access roads,
earthworks,
quantity surveyors in the preparation of estimates
and tender documents. 14
d. The Executors
These are the people who undertake the
physical construction, who in many cases
will be private contractors.
e. Public Authorities and Agencies
All buildings must fulfil statutory
requirements regarding construction
permissions, standards and safety.
15
STAGES AND ASPECTS OF
CONSTRUCTION A construction project includes five stages
from the time when the decision is made to implement the construction project until the project becomes a reality.
The stages of a construction project are:
i. Briefing
ii. Designing
iii. Tendering
iv. Constructing
v. Commissioning
16
a) Purpose: To enable the client to specify project functions and
permissible costs.
b) Activities Ø i) Set up a work plan and appoint designers and
specialists
Ø ii) Consider user requirements, locations and site conditions, planning, designing, estimated costs, quality requirements.
Ø iii) Ensure the preparation of Sketches at scale 1/10 : 1/1000, 1/3500
Cost estimates and implications
a plan for implementation
A department data programmed
Briefing Stage
17
Briefing Stage (continued)
c) Participants: Architect,
Civil Engineer,
Structural Engineer,
Electrical Engineer,
Mechanical Engineer.
The link between them is often provided by a project
management team created for the duration of the
project.
The team is normally headed by a project manager,
who is responsible to the client for the execution of
the project.
18
a. Purpose
To complete the project brief and determine the
design, methods of construction and estimate costs.
To prepare the necessary production information,
including working drawings and specifications and
to complete all arrangements for obtaining tenders.
Designing Stage
19
Designing Stage (continued)
b. Activities
Activities at this stage include
i) finalizing project,
ii) investigating technical problems,
iii) obtaining the clients final approval
iv) preparing
a scheme design, including cost estimates
a detail design
working drawings, specifications and schedules
bill of quantities
a final cost estimates
preliminary production programme, including time-schedule.
20
Designing Stage (continued)
c. Participants
Depending on the nature and the complexity of the
project, the design team should include the following:
project manager,
architect (buildings),
quantity surveyor ,
Civil, structural, mechanical and electrical engineers,
some specialists such as, health and safety officials, organisational planners etc.
user representative
21
a. Purpose:
To find the proper contractor to undertake the site
construction works.
b. Activities call for tendering (newspaper, TV)
establish a committee to adjust the tender
as a project manager, you will provide all data to
the client and let select the contractor.
Tendering Stage
22
Tendering Stage (continued)
c. Participants
In the case of government projects, the project
management team may be expected to give technical
support by:
i) providing the necessary contract documents
ii) providing a basis for pre-qualification of
tenderers,
iii) checking that the tenders are arithmetically
correct and conform to tender requirements.
23
a) Purpose To construct the structure within time agreed limits
of cost and time and to specified quality.
b) Activities To plan, co-ordinate and control site operations.
Production planning includes the formulation of:
i) time-schedules,
ii) site organisation,
iii) a manpower plan ,
iv) a plant and equipment plan.
v) a material delivery plan.
Construction Stage
24
Construction Stage (continued)
ØSite operations include: all temporary and permanent construction works and
the supply of all built-in furniture and equipment.
the co-ordination of subcontractors,
Øc. Participants site engineers
workers
Normally, direct responsibility rests with the contractor.
The project manager and his team must arrange for adequate supervision of the work to ensure requirements.
25
a) Purpose To ensure that the building (structure) has been
completed as specified in the contract documents, and that all the facilities work properly.
To provide a record of the actual construction, its cost, together with operating instructions.
To train staff in the use of the facilities provided.
b) Records
During construction, difficulties may arise which result in changes to the original design.
Records of these changes will be kept during construction, mainly for financial reasons.
Commissioning Stage
26
Commissioning Stage (continued)
c) Activities prepare "as buiIt" records
inspect the construction thoroughly and have defects remedied
start up, test and adjust all services,
prepare operating instructions and maintenance manuals
staff training
The commissioning stage is the transition period between the construction and the occupation and use of the building (structure).
d) Participants project management team
operating staff 27
28
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION