Chapter 1: Into. State and Federal Laws There are state laws and federal laws that apply to both...
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Transcript of Chapter 1: Into. State and Federal Laws There are state laws and federal laws that apply to both...
Chapter 1: IntoChapter 1: Into
• State and Federal LawsThere are state laws and federal laws that apply to both criminal and civil cases
There are both state and federal courts
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FEDERAL v. STATE
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United States Supreme CourtHow many judges
Elected or Appointed
United States _____th Circuit
Located in ______
United States District Court
(Trial Court Nashville)
TN Court of Appeals
Rutherford County Chancery or Circuit Court
Tennessee Supreme CtHow many judges
Elected or Appointed
LAWS: Types
• Laws
• Administrative
• Common Law/Case Law
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Federal Law
• FEDERAL LAW – WHAT TRUMPS
• U.S. Constitution• US Code (Federal Laws) • Administrative Law – IRS, EEOC, NLRB• Case Law/Common Law/Judge made law
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Tennessee State Law
• TN Constitution• TN Code Annotated • Administrative Law - Tennessee Dept
Labor• Case Law/Common Law – West Case
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State law v. Federal Law• So what happens if federal law and state law are
conflict? – Ex: Federal law says illegal to smoke marijuana/ Colorado passed law
saying ok
• Who wins? Look to the US Constitution
• Article VI of the US Constitution-• This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in
pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary
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Civil vs. Criminal Law
• Civil law –
• Criminal law
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Substantive vs. Procedural
• Substantive law –
• Procedural law -
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Doctrine of Stare Decisis
Stare Decisis –Courts try to be consistent as best they can so we as people can rely on the decision as rules for daily living
Each decision becomes a legal precedent.
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Doctrine of Stare Decisis
• Controlling Precedents.– Controlling precedents are “binding” in all lower
courts.– U.S. Supreme Court decisions are binding on all
American courts.
There is No One “Right” Answer
Good arguments are made for different sides.
Judges have personal beliefs that can affect decisions.
Outcomes to lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty.
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How to Find Cases
EX: Berger v. Johnson, 143 S.W.3rd 455 (Tenn. 2013)
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State Law Fact Pattern
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Joe wants to know about one of his employees, John who got hurt in TN when he got hit in the parking lot by another employee’s car.
Is that work related and covered under TN workers compensation?
• Is this a federal or state issue:
– John lives in TN and works in TN– Tennessee State Issue
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• 1. Is there a law that covers this situation. Tn Workers Comp law -
The injury by accident must arise out of and in the course of employment for worker's compensation liability to be imposed.
T.C.A. § 50-6-102(a)(4).
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• What does “arise out of” and “in the course of” mean?
• Look to see how judges decided that• Look to Tennessee cases to find out cases and
see how judges define those terms.
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• If you decide that it did ‘arise out of” and “in the course of” employment then have to see what John might get.
• What if he was going to car to get a tool for his employer?
• What if his lunch hour was paid by the employer?
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• How often cases decided• How often laws changed–Legislative cycle
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• Common Law – West Case
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