Chapter 1 Economics of Generation
Transcript of Chapter 1 Economics of Generation
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Economics of generation
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INTRODUCTION
The per capita electrical energyconsumption by the people of a country isan index of its standard of living thegro!th of its economy and an indication of
its po!er to a"ect the course of events inothers countries#
$or determining electrical energyre%uirements of an area it is necessary to
&nd out the population of the to!n thestandard of living industrial developmentin the area and the cost of electrical energyand other alternative source of energy#
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De&nition
'# Connected load
the sum of total rating(in )*+ of the variousof electrical e%uipment installed in theconsumer,s premises#
2. Maximum demand
the maximum load in )* !hich a consumeruses at any time#
3. Demand factor
the ratio of it,s maximum demand to theconnected load#
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4. Daily load curve.
The electrical energy !ill be
consumed by a consumed bythe consumer as and !hen heneeds# This means his load on
the system !ill )eep onchanging !ith time#
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5. Load factor
the ratio of average load to
maximum load on the supplysystem#
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6. Diversity factor
-fter deciding about the maximum
demands of the various consumers anengineer must consider ho! theseindividual maximum demands occur so
that the load factor of the plant is
maximum and the overall plantcapacity re%uired is minimum#
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.oad duration curve
The load curve gives us an idea of the loadat any instant of time in a day or over theyears#
- load duration curve enable us to
determine the number of hours per year!hen the load is greater or less than anygiven amount#
/imilarly it also sho!s the loads that are
carried for more or lesser than particularduration#
The procedure for plotting the load durationcurve is as follo!s0
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Number and si1e of generatorunits -fter the load curve has been plotted and predictions made as to the extent
and manner of gro!th of the plant load the po!er engineer is ready to
proceed !ith determination of the number and si1e of units to be installedta)ing into account the reliability of supply#
.oad curve sho!s the load on the po!er station never constant# It )eeps on2uctuating from a max do!n to small min#
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