Chapter 1 Atoms
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Transcript of Chapter 1 Atoms
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Chapter 1 Atoms
Review
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Uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom
• neutron
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The number of neutrons plus protons in the nucleus of an atom
• Mass number
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The number of protons in the nucleus
• Atomic number
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Matter that is made up of only one kind of atom
• element
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A pure substance whose smallest unit is made of atoms of more than one
element• element
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Region surrounding the nucleus in which the electrons move about
• Electron cloud
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A negative charge particle that is part of every kind of matter
• electron
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A sample of matter with the same composition and properties
throughout• substance
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Atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons
• isotopes
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Elements that make up about 97% of the human body
• nonmetals
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Elements that generally have a shiny or metallic luster
• metals
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A positively charged particle in the nucleus
• proton
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Two or more substances that are together, but not combined
• mixture
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The mass of the mixture of the isotopes for an element
• Atomic mass
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Elements that have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
• metalloids
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Atom, elements, atomic number, metals
Fill in the blank with the words from above.• Most elements are .___.• The periodic table lists ___.• An element is made up of only one kind of __.• Isotopes can have the same ___.
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• Metals• Elements• Atom• Atomic number
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Where are metalloids found on the periodic table?
• Between the metals
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What led scientists to believe that the atom could be broken down into
smaller particles• Cathode rays
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Elements in a ___ are always combined in the same proportion by
mass• compound
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What did the Greeks name what they believed to be the tiniest part of
matter?• atom
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An example of a homogenous mixture
• Air• H2O
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Atoms of the same element always have the same number ___
• protons
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How is an electron cloud shaped?
• sphere
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What is the chemical compound for ammonia? (three Hydrogen and one
Nitrogen)• NH3
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JJ Thomson discovered that ___ charges attract each other in his
cathode-ray tube experiment• opposite
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___ contains only one kind of atom
• Elements
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a different number
of ___• neutrons
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Particles in an atom’s nucleus that do not have an electric charge are called
___?• neutrons
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Which is not an example of matter
• Dust particle• Air• A beam of light
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Beam of light
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The mass number of an atom consists of the mass of ___.
• Protons and neutrons
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What does the atomic number of an element tell?
• Number of protons
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How do you find the number of neutrons in an isotope?
• The atomic number from the mass number
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An atom of the element with atomic number of 6 always has ___ in its
nucleus• Six protons
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Rutherfod’s experiment showed that most of an atom is made of mostly___.• space
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Who developed a model called the atomic theory of matter?
• John Dalton
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Most of the elements found on the left side of the periodic table are___.
• metals
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During Thompson’s experiments, what was affected by a magnet?
• electrons
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Which of the following is NOT associated with metals?
• Electric conductivity• Brittleness• shininess
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• brittleness
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Water is an example of what kind of substance?
• compound
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Air is an example of what kind of substance?
• Homogeneous mixture
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What is matter that is NOT considered to be a single substance?
• mixture
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Be able to identify all the parts of an atom and label each part
• Electron• Electron cloud• Neutron• Nucleus• Proton
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Know the components of an element
• Number of protons = number of electrons• Atomic number = number of protons• Mass number = number of protons + number
of neutrons