+

Welcome

to

Latin I

In each of the chapters in Latin I, there will be a

screencast explaining the grammar of the chapter.

Chapter 1 begins with NOUNS . . . . .

+ Nouns in the dictionary~Nominative, Genitive, Gender, Meaning

1st declension

insula, insulae, f. island

2nd declension

amicus, amici, m., friend

3rd declension

mater, matris, f., mother

+How do you determine

the DECLENSION of a

noun?

To determine the declension of a word is look at the

GENITIVE (the second word in the dictionary).

If the second word ends in . . . .

-ae ~ 1st declension

-i~ 2nd declension

-is ~ 3rd declension

+Cases

In English, the function of a word in a sentence is

determined by WORD ORDER.

e.g. (exempli gratia . . . for example)

John loves Mary.

Mary loves John.

Those two sentences do NOT mean the same thing. In the first

sentence, John is the one who loves because his name is first.

Latin does not work that way. The function of a word in a sentence is

determined by the ENDING on the word or, in other words, by the

CASE of the noun.

+There are FIVE cases in Latin . .

.

Nominative – used for subjects

Genitive – used to show possession

Dative – used for indirect objects

Accusative – used for direct objects

after some prepostions

Ablative – used after some prepositions

+The Nominative Case

is used for

Subjects and

Predicate Nominatives

In English . . ..

Lucius is my father.

Lucius is the subject.

Father is the Predicate Nominative.

A predicate nominate renames the subject.

+

Forming the

Nominative

Case

Nominative

singular

Nominativep

lural

1st

declension-a -ae

2nd

declension-us, -er -i

3rd

declension____ -es

To put a noun into any given case, you

put the appropriate ENDING on the

word.