Chap3 Glossary
2
CHAPTER 3 • Glossary 1 Chapter 3 1 Glossary Agorophobia: A fear of being in places where help may not be available, including fear of being out- side, in crowds, or on bridges. Anxiety disorder: A psychoneurotic disorder, some- times called free-floating anxiety. Bipolar disorder: Formerly called manic depression, characterized by severe mood swings from high (manic) to low (depression), with episodes of normal moods in between. Burnout: Psychological exhaustion and diminished efficiency resulting from overwork or prolonged exposure to stress. Cardiovascular disease: Diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Compulsion: An irresistible urge to behave in a cer - tain way, especially against one’s conscious wishes. Coronary heart disease: Heart disease characterized by atherosclerotic build-up that blocks blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in a myocardial infarction. Depressive disorder: A group of symptoms that reflects a sad or irritable mood beyond normal sad- ness or grief, characterized by increasingly severe symptoms of longer duration. Distress: From the Latin dis =bad, as in dissonance, disagreement. Eustress: From the Greek eu =good, as in euphoria. Fight-or-flight response: The body’s response to extreme stress, during which the endocrine system releases stress hormones such as cortisol and adren- aline, and the autonomic nervous system elevates heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. High blood pressure: A serious condition in which either systolic or diastolic blood pressure remains above normal, possibly leading to coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, or kidney disease. Homeostasis: Maintaining equilibrium between in- terdependent elements, especially those maintained by physiological processes. Major depression: Severe, disabling depression that keeps a person from functioning. Minor depression (dysthymia): Minor depression that does not seriously disable the person, but keeps him from functioning at an optimal level. Obsession: An idea or feeling that completely oc- cupies the mind. Other-directed: Depend on others to make decisions for you, lacking autonomy. Panic disorder: An anxiety disorder characterized by severe recurring episodes of fear and terror.
-
Upload
tuongvnguyen -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
1
description
health
Transcript of Chap3 Glossary
-
CHAPTER 3 Glossary 1 Cha
pter
3
1
Glossary
Agorophobia: Afearofbeinginplaceswherehelpmaynotbeavailable,includingfearofbeingout-side,incrowds,oronbridges.
Anxiety disorder:Apsychoneuroticdisorder,some-timescalledfree-floatinganxiety.
Bipolar disorder:Formerlycalledmanicdepression,characterizedbyseveremoodswingsfromhigh(manic)tolow(depression),withepisodesofnormalmoodsinbetween.
Burnout: Psychologicalexhaustionanddiminishedefficiencyresultingfromoverworkorprolongedexposuretostress.
Cardiovascular disease:Diseasesthatinvolvetheheartorbloodvessels.
Compulsion: Anirresistibleurgetobehaveinacer-tainway,especiallyagainstonesconsciouswishes.
Coronary heart disease:Heartdiseasecharacterizedbyatheroscleroticbuild-upthatblocksbloodflowtotheheartmuscle,resultinginamyocardialinfarction.
Depressive disorder:Agroupofsymptomsthatreflectsasadorirritablemoodbeyondnormalsad-nessorgrief,characterizedbyincreasinglyseveresymptomsoflongerduration.
Distress: FromtheLatindis=bad,asindissonance,disagreement.
Eustress: FromtheGreekeu=good,asineuphoria.
Fight-or-flight response:Thebodysresponsetoextremestress,duringwhichtheendocrinesystemreleasesstresshormonessuchascortisolandadren-aline,andtheautonomicnervoussystemelevatesheartrate,bloodpressure,andrespiration.
High blood pressure:Aseriousconditioninwhicheithersystolicordiastolicbloodpressureremainsabovenormal,possiblyleadingtocoronaryheartdisease,heartfailure,stroke,orkidneydisease.
Homeostasis: Maintainingequilibriumbetweenin-terdependentelements,especiallythosemaintainedbyphysiologicalprocesses.
Major depression:Severe,disablingdepressionthatkeepsapersonfromfunctioning.
Minor depression (dysthymia):Minordepressionthatdoesnotseriouslydisabletheperson,butkeepshimfromfunctioningatanoptimallevel.
Obsession: Anideaorfeelingthatcompletelyoc-cupiesthemind.
Other-directed: Dependonotherstomakedecisionsforyou,lackingautonomy.
Panic disorder:Ananxietydisordercharacterizedbysevererecurringepisodesoffearandterror.
-
Glossary CHAPTER 3 Cha
pter
3
2
Post-traumatic stress syndrome:Persistentmentalandemotionalstressoccurringasaresultofinjuryorseverepsychologicalshock.
Psychoneuroimmunology: Abranchofmedicineconcernedwithhowemotionsaffecttheimmunesystem.
Psychosis: Aseverementaldisorderinwhichthoughtandemotionsaresoimpairedthatcontactislostwithexternalreality.
Psychosocial health:Theinterrelationofsocialfac-torsandindividualthoughtandbehavior,includingtheemotional,intellectual,social,andspiritualwell-nesscomponents.
Schizophrenia: Abreakdownintherelationbetweenthought,emotion,behavior,leadingtowithdrawalfromrealityintofantasyanddelusion.
Self-actualization: Theachievementofonestruepotentialthroughindependence,creativity,sponta-neity,andagraspoftherealworld.
Self-directed: Abletomakedecisionsforoneself;autonomous.
Self-esteem: Senseofself-respect;confidenceinyourownvalueasanindividual.
Self-worth: Youropinionofyourself.
Stressor: Anactivity,experience,event,person,orthingthatinitiatesthestressresponse.
Transcendence: Astateofexcelling,ofgoingbeyondusuallimitsandhelpingothersrealizetheirpotential.
