Chap 23 64 Regular Physics

8 August 2007

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Physics

Chapters 23 to 64

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Homework Service Book Physics -2-

00 Editing Examples00-01 Basic Templates00-02 User-Defined Macros00-03 Figure Files00-04 Basic Control Structures00-05 Advanced Control Structures00-06 Special Purpose Templates00-07 Basic Functions00-08 Special Functions00-09 Basic TEX Techniques00-10 Basic Tables00-11 Special Use Tables00-12 Using Macros in TEX00-13 Basic PSTricks Techniques00-14 Basic Graphs00-15 Using Figure Files in PSTricks00-16 Special Figures00-17 Using Macros in PSTricks00-18 Basic PPCHTeX Techniques00-19 PPCHTeX and PSTricks00-20 Basic Biology Templates00-21 Basic Chem Templates00-22 Basic PPCHTeX Structures00-23 Electron Dot Templates00-24 Complicated Chem Structures00-25 Basic CS Templates00-26 CS Structures00-27 Basic Math Templates00-28 Math Graphs00-29 Basic Physics Templates00-30 Physics Figures00-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0001 Physics and Measurement01-01 The SI System01-02 Standard Unit for Length, Mass, and

Time01-03 Derived Units01-04 The Building Blocks of Matter01-05 Density and Atomic Mass01-06 Dimensional Analysis01-07 Conversion of Units01-08 Order-of-Magnitude Calculations01-09 Significant Digits and Measurements01-10 Elementary Error Analysis01-11 Mathematical and Scientific Notation01-12 Coordinate Systems01-13 Mathematics Overview01-14 Scientific Method01-15 Scaling

01-16 Problem Solving Strategy01-17 Measurement Tools01-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0102 Motion in One Dimension02-01 Displacement02-02 Velocity and Speed02-03 Average Velocity for Motion along a

Straight Line02-04 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed02-05 Acceleration02-06 One-Dimensional Motion with Con-

stant Acceleration02-07 Freely Falling Objects02-08 One-Dimensional Motion: Calculus

Techniques02-09 Relative Velocities02-10 Frame of Reference02-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0203 Vectors03-01 Coordinate Systems and Frames of Ref-

erence03-02 Vector and Scalar Quantities03-03 Some Properties of Vectors03-04 Methods of Solving Triangles03-05 Graphical Addition of Vectors03-06 Components of a Vector03-07 Adding Vector Components03-08 Unit Vectors03-09 Vector Kinematics03-10 The Vector Dot (Scalar) Product03-11 The Vector Cross Product03-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0304 Motion in Two Dimensions04-01 Position and Displacement04-02 Average and Instantaneous Velocity04-03 Average and Instantaneous Accelera-

tion04-04 Two-Dimensional Motion with Con-

stant Acceleration04-05 Graphical Solutions04-06 Projectile Motion04-07 Uniform Circular Motion04-08 Tangential and Radial Acceleration04-09 Relative Velocity04-10 Relative Acceleration04-11 Relative Motion at High Speeds04-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0405 The Laws of Motion05-01 The Concept of Force


05-02 Newtons First Law and InertialFrames

05-03 Inertial Mass05-04 Newtons Second Law05-05 Weight05-06 Contact and Normal Forces05-07 Hookes Law05-08 Combining Forces05-09 Newtons Third Law05-10 Free Body Diagrams in Problem Solv-

ing05-11 Static Applications of Newtons Law05-12 Dynamic Applications of Newtons

Law05-13 Friction05-14 Other Resistive Forces (Terminal Ve-

locity)05-15 The Fundamental Forces of Nature05-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0506 CircularMotion and Newtons Laws06-01 Newtons Second Law Applied to Uni-

form Circular Motion06-02 Banked and Unbanked Curves06-03 Nonuniform Circular Motion06-04 Circular Motion in Accelerated Frames06-05 Circular Motion in the Presence of Re-

sistive Forces06-06 Numerical Modeling (Eulers Method)

in Particle Dynamics06-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0607 Work and Energy07-01 Forms of Energy07-02 Kinetic Energy07-03 Work07-04 Work: a General Constant Force07-05 Work: the Gravitational Force07-06 Work: a Spring Force07-07 Work: a General Varying Force07-08 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy

Theorem07-09 The Nonisolated System Conserva-

tion of Energy07-10 Kinetic Friction07-11 Power07-12 Work and Energy in Three Dimensions07-13 Energy and the Automobile07-14 Kinetic Energy at High Speeds07-15 Simple and Compound Machines07-99 Associated problems in Chapter 07

08 Potential Energy and Conservationof Energy08-01 Potential Energy08-02 Spring Potential Energy08-03 Conservative and Nonconservative

Forces08-04 Conservative Forces and Potential En-

ergy08-05 Conservation of Mechanical Energy08-06 Changes in Mechanical Energy08-07 Relationship Between Conservative

Forces and Potential Energy08-08 Energy Diagrams and the Equilibrium

of a System08-09 Work Done on a System by an External

Force08-10 Conservation of Energy in General08-11 Mass-Energy Equivalence08-12 Quantization of Energy08-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0809 Linear Momentum and Collisions09-01 Linear Momentum09-02 Impulse and Momentum09-03 Conservation of Linear Momentum09-04 Elastic Collisions09-05 Inelastic Collisions09-06 One-Dimensional Collisions09-07 Two- and Three-Dimensional Colli-

sions09-08 The Center of Mass09-09 Finding the Center of Mass by Integra-

tion09-10 Motion of a System of Particles (Ex-

plosions)09-11 Energy of a System of Particles09-12 Energy and Momentum Conservation

in Collisions09-13 Center of Mass Reference Frame09-14 Rocket Propulsion09-99 Associated problems in Chapter 0910 Rotation of a Rigid Object About aFixed Axis10-01 Angular Position, Velocity and Accel-

eration10-02 Kinematic Equations for Uniformly

Accelerated Rotational Motion10-03 Vector Nature of Angular Quantities10-04 Relationships Between Angular and

Linear Quantities


10-05 Rotational Kinetic Energy10-06 Calculation of Moments of Inertia10-07 Torque10-08 Relationship Between Torque and An-

gular Acceleration10-09 Work, Power, and Energy in Rotational

Motion10-10 Problem Solving in Rotational Dynam-

ics10-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1011 Rolling Motion, Angular Momen-tum, and Torque11-01 Rotational Plus Translational Motion:

Rolling11-02 The Kinetic Energy of Rolling11-03 The Forces of Rolling11-04 The Yo-Yo11-05 The Torque Vector11-06 Angular Momentum of a Particle11-07 General Motion: Angular Momentum,

Torque of a System of Particles11-08 Rotation of a Rigid Body About a

Fixed Axis11-09 Rotational Imbalance11-10 Conservation of Angular Momentum11-11 Precession: Gyroscopes and Tops11-12 Rotating Frames of Reference: Inertial

Forces11-13 Coriolis Effect11-14 Quantization of Angular Momentum11-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1112 Static Equilibrium and Elasticity12-01 The Conditions for Equilibrium of a

Rigid Object12-02 Solving Statics Problems12-03 Stability and Balance: Center of Grav-

ity12-04 Levers and Pulleys12-05 Bridges and Scaffolding12-06 Arches and Domes12-07 Couples12-08 Other Objects in Static Equilibrium12-09 Static Equilibrium in an Accelerated

Frame12-10 Elasticity: Stress and Strain12-11 Fracturing12-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1213 Oscillatory Motion13-01 Simple Harmonic Motion

13-02 Mass Attached to a Spring13-03 Forces in Simple Harmonic Motion13-04 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion13-05 The Simple Pendulum13-06 The Physical Pendulum and Torsion

Pendulum13-07 Simple Harmonic Motion Related to

Uniform Circular Motion13-08 Damped Oscillations13-09 Forced Oscillations: Resonance13-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1314 The Law of Gravity14-01 Newtons Law of Gravity14-02 Gravitational Force Due to a System of

Particles14-03 Free Fall Acceleration and the Gravi-

tational Force14-04 Gravitation Inside the Earth14-05 Keplers Laws: Planetary and Satellite

Motion14-06 The Gravitational Field14-07 Gravitational Potential Energy14-08 Escape Velocity14-09 Energy: Planetary and Satellite Mo-

tion14-10 Gravitational Force: Extended Object

& Particle14-11 Gravitational Force: Particle & Spher-

ical Mass14-12 Principle of Equivalence14-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1415 Fluid Mechanics15-01 States of Matter15-02 Density and Specific Gravity15-03 Pressure15-04 Fluids at Rest: Variation of Pressure

with Depth15-05 Pressure Measurements (Atmospheric,

Gauge)15-06 Pascals Principle (Hydraulics)15-07 Buoyant Forces and Archimedes Prin-

ciple15-08 Fluid Dynamics15-09 Streamlines and the Equation of Con-

tinuity15-10 Bernoullis Equation15-11 Transport Phenomena15-12 Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics15-13 Energy from the Wind


15-14 Viscosity15-15 Surface Tension and Capillarity15-16 Pumps: the Heart15-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1516 Wave Motion16-01 Wave Characteristics and Propagation16-02 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves16-03 Speed of a Traveling Wave16-04 Energy Conservation16-05 One-Dimensional Traveling Waves16-06 Periodic Waves (Harmonic, Electro-

magnetic)16-07 Superposition and Interference of

Waves16-08 The Speed of Waves on Strings16-09 Reflection and Transmission of Waves16-10 Refraction of Waves16-11 Diffraction of Waves16-12 Sinusoidal Waves16-13 Energy Transmitted by Waves on

Strings16-14 The Linear Wave Equation16-15 Phasors16-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1617 Sound Waves17-01 Characteristics of Sound Waves17-02 Speed of Sound Waves17-03 Periodic Sound Waves17-04 Energy and Intensity of Sound Waves17-05 The Doppler Effect17-06 Quality of Sound (Noise)17-07 The Ear17-08 Sources of Musical Sound17-09 Digital Sound Recording17-10 Motion Picture Sound17-11 Sonar, Ultrasound, and Ultrasound

Imaging17-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1718 Superposition and Standing Waves18-01 Superposition of Sinusoidal Waves18-02 Interference of Sinusoidal Waves18-03 Standing Waves in General18-04 Standing Waves in a String Fixed at

Both Ends18-05 Forced Vibrations and Resonance18-06 Standing Waves in Air Columns18-07 Standing Waves in Rods, Plates, and

Membranes18-08 Complex Waves

18-09 Beats: Interference in Time18-10 Shock Waves and the Sonic Boom18-11 Harmonic Analysis and Synthesis18-12 Wave Packets and Dispersion18-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1819 Temperature19-01 Atomic Theory of Matter19-02 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics:

Thermal Equilibrium19-03 Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperature

Scales19-04 The Constant-Volume Gas Thermome-

ter and the Kelvin Scale19-05 Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liq-

uids19-06 Macroscopic Description of an Ideal

Gas19-07 Problem Solving: Ideal Gas Law19-99 Associated problems in Chapter 1920 Heat and the First Law of Thermo-dynamics20-01 Heat and Thermal Energy20-02 Internal Energy20-03 Heat Capacity and Specific Heat20-04 Heat Capacity of Gases20-05 Heat Capacity of Solids20-06 Latent Heat20-07 Phase Diagrams20-08 Calorimetry20-09 Work and Heat in Thermodynamic

Processes20-10 The First Law of Thermodynamics20-11 Work and the PV Diagram for a Gas20-12 Some Applications of the First Law of

Thermodynamics20-13 Heat and Energy Transfer20-14 Global Warming and Greenhouse

Gases20-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2021 The Kinetic Theory of Gases21-01 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas21-02 Specific Heat of an Ideal Gas21-03 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas21-04 The Equipartition of Energy21-05 The Boltzmann Distribution Law21-06 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS

Speed21-07 Distribution of Molecular Speeds21-08 Translational Kinetic Energy


21-09 Mean Free Path21-10 Van der Waals Equation of State21-11 Vapor Pressure and Humidity21-12 Diffusion21-13 Failure of the Equipartition Theorem21-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2122 Heat Engines, Entropy, & Thermo-dynamics22-01 The Second Law of Thermodynamics22-02 Heat Engines22-03 Reversible and Irreversible Processes22-04 The Carnot Engine22-05 Gasoline and Deisel Engines22-06 Heat Pumps and Refrigerators22-07 Entropy22-08 Entropy Changes in Irreversible Pro-

cesses22-09 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale22-10 Human Metabolism22-11 Energy Availability: Heat Death22-12 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy

and the Second Law22-13 Third Law: Maximum Efficiencies22-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2223 Electric Fields23-01 Static Electricity: Electric Charge23-02 Quantized Charge23-03 Insulators and Conductors23-04 Induced Charge: the Electroscope23-05 Coulombs Law23-06 Conserved Charge23-07 The Electric Field23-08 Electric Field Due to a Point Charge23-09 Electric Field Due to an Electric Dipole23-10 Electric Field Due to a Line of Charge23-11 Electric Field Due to a Charged Sheet23-12 Electric Field Due to a Continuous

Charge Distribution23-13 Electric Field Lines23-14 Electric Fields and Conductors23-15 A Point Charge in a Electric Field23-16 A Dipole in a Electric Field23-17 Motion of Charged Particles in a Uni-

form Electric Field23-18 The Oscilloscope23-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2324 Gausss Law24-01 Electric Flux24-02 Gausss Law

24-03 Application: Charged Insulators24-04 Application: Charged Isolated Con-

ductors24-05 Application: Cylindrical Symmetry24-06 Application: Planar Symmetry24-07 Application: Spherical Symmetry24-08 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilib-

rium24-09 Experimental Proof of Gauss Law and

Coulombs Law24-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2425 Electric Potential25-01 Electric Potential Energy25-02 Potential Difference and Electric Po-

tential25-03 Equipotential Surfaces25-04 Calculating the Potential from the

Field25-05 Potential & Energy: Point Charges25-06 Potential & Energy: Systems of Point

Charges25-07 Potential & Energy: Electric Dipoles25-08 Potential & Energy: Continuous

Charge Distributions25-09 Potential & Energy: Charged Conduc-

tor25-10 Calculating the Field from the Poten-

tial25-11 Electrostatic Potential Energy: the

Electron Volt25-12 The Millikan Oil Drop Experiment25-13 Cathode Ray Tube: TV, Computer

Monitors, and Oscilloscopes25-14 The Van de Graaff Generator and

Other Applications25-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2526 Capacitance and Dielectrics26-01 Definition of Capacitance26-02 Calculation of Capacitance26-03 Combinations of Capacitors26-04 Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor26-05 Capacitors with Dielectrics26-06 Dielectrics from a Molecular Level26-07 Dielectrics and Gauss Law26-08 Electric Dipole in an External Electric

Field26-09 Electrostatic Applications26-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2627 Current and Resistance


27-01 Electric Current27-02 Current Density and Drift Speed27-03 Resistance and Resistivity27-04 Ohms Law27-05 Microscopic View of Ohms Law27-06 Resistance and Temperature27-07 Semiconductors27-08 Superconductors27-09 Electrical Energy and Power27-10 Power in Household Circuits27-11 Electrical Hazards: Leakage Currents27-12 Electrical Energy in the Heart27-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2728 Direct Current Circuits28-01 Electromotive Force and Terminal

Voltage28-02 Work, Energy, and EMF28-03 Resistance: Series Circuits28-04 Resistance: Series/Parallel Combina-

tions28-05 Potential Difference Between Two

Points28-06 Complicated Circuits: Kirchoffs Rules28-07 RC Circuits28-08 Electrical Instruments: Ammeter and

Voltmeter28-09 Household Wiring and Electrical

Safety28-10 Conduction of Electrical Signals by

Neurons28-11 Transducers and the Thermocouple28-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2829 Magnetic Fields29-01 Magnetic Fields and Forces29-02 Magnetism from Electric Currents29-03 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying

Conductor29-04 Torque on a Current Loop in a Uniform

Magnetic Field29-05 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Mag-

netic Field29-06 Applications of the Motion of Charged

Particles in a Magnetic Field29-07 Crossed Fields: Discovery of the Elec-

tron29-08 The Hall Effect29-09 Galvanometers, Motors, Loudspeakers29-10 Cyclotrons and Synchrotrons29-11 Mass Spectrometer

29-99 Associated problems in Chapter 2930 Sources of the Magnetic Field30-01 The Biot-Savart Law30-02 Magnetic Field Due to a Straight Wire30-03 Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel

Conductors30-04 Amperes Law30-05 The Magnetic Field of Current Loops30-06 The Magnetic Field Along the Axis of

a Solenoid30-07 A Current-Carrying Coil as a Magnetic

Dipole30-08 Magnetic Flux30-09 Gausss Law in Magnetism30-10 Displacement Current and the Gener-

alized Amperes Law30-11 Magnetism and Electrons: Spin30-12 Magnetism in Matter30-13 Diamagnetism30-14 Paramagnetism30-15 Ferromagnetism30-16 Magnetic Field of the Earth30-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3031 Faradays Law31-01 Faradays Law of Induction31-02 Motional EMF31-03 Lenzs Law31-04 Induced EMF in a Moving Conductor31-05 Induced Electric Fields31-06 Electric Field from a Changing Mag-

netic Flux31-07 Generators and Motors31-08 Eddy Currents31-09 Maxwells Equations31-10 Sound Systems, Computer Memory,

the Seismograph31-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3132 Inductance32-01 Inductors and Inductance32-02 Self-Inductance, Self-Induced EMF32-03 RL Circuits32-04 Energy in a Magnetic Field32-05 Energy Density of a Magnetic Field32-06 Mutual Inductance32-07 Oscillations in an LC Circuit32-08 The RLC Circuit32-09 Critical Magnetic Fields32-10 Magnetic Properties of Superconduc-

tors


32-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3233 Alternating Current Circuits33-01 AC Sources33-02 Phasors33-03 Resistors in an AC Circuit33-04 Inductors in an AC Circuit33-05 Capacitors in an AC Circuit33-06 LC and RLC Circuits Without a Gen-

erator33-07 The RLC Series Circuit33-08 DampedOscillations in an RLCCircuit33-09 Power in an AC Circuit33-10 Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit33-11 Impedance Matching33-12 Filter Circuits33-13 The Transformer and Power Transmis-

sion33-14 Three-Phase AC33-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3334 Electromagnetic Waves34-01 Maxwells Equations and Hertzs Dis-

coveries34-02 Plane Electromagnetic Waves34-03 Speed of Electromagnetic Waves34-04 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic

Waves: Poynting Vector34-05 Momentum and Radiation Pressure34-06 Radiation from an Infinite Current

Sheet34-07 The Production of Electromagnetic

Waves by an Antenna34-08 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves34-09 The Spectrum of Electromagnetic

Waves34-10 The Doppler Effect for Electromag-

netic Waves34-11 Radio and Television34-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3435 The Nature of Light and GeometricOptics35-01 The Nature of Light35-02 Wave-Particle Duality35-03 The Speed of Light35-04 Reflection35-05 Transmission and Refraction35-06 The Law of Refraction35-07 Dispersion and Prisms35-08 Huygens Principle35-09 Total Internal Reflection

35-10 Fermats Principle35-11 Mixing Pigments35-12 Luminous Intensity35-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3536 Geometric Optics36-01 Two Types of Image36-02 Images Formed by Flat Mirrors36-03 Images Formed by Concave Mirrors36-04 Images Formed by Convex Mirrors36-05 Spherical Mirrors: Ray Tracing36-06 Images Formed by Refracting Surfaces36-07 Atmospheric Refraction36-08 Images Formed by Thin Lenses36-09 Combinations of Lenses and Mirrors36-10 Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing36-11 Lensmakers Equation36-12 The Camera36-13 The Eye and Corrective Lenses36-14 The Simple Magnifier36-15 The Compound Microscope36-16 The Telescope36-17 Lens and Mirror Aberrations36-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3637 Interference of Light Waves37-01 Conditions for Interference37-02 Double Slit Interference: Youngs Ex-

periment37-03 Coherence37-04 Intensity Distribution of the Double-

Slit Interference Pattern37-05 Phasor Addition of Waves37-06 Change of Phase Due to Reflection37-07 Interference in Thin Films37-08 The Michelson Interferometer37-09 Using Interference to Read CDs and

DVDs37-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3738 Diffraction and Polarization38-01 Diffraction38-02 Huygens Principle and Diffraction38-03 Huygens Principle and the Law of Re-

fraction38-04 Single-Slit Diffraction38-05 Intensity in Single-Slit Diffraction38-06 Using Phasors to Add Harmonic Waves38-07 Fraunhofer and Fresnel Diffraction38-08 Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular

Apertures38-09 Resolution of Telescopes and Micro-


scopes: the Limit38-10 Resolution of the Human Eye and Use-

ful Magnification38-11 Diffraction by a Double Slit38-12 The Diffraction Grating38-13 Gratings: Dispersion and Resolving

Power38-14 X-Rays38-15 Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals38-16 Polarization of Light Waves38-17 Polarization by Reflection38-18 The Spectrometer and Sprctroscopy38-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3839 Relativity39-01 Galilean Coordinate Transformations39-02 Lorenz Coordinate Transformations39-03 Postulates: Speed of Light39-04 The Michelson-Morley Experiment39-05 Consequences of Special Relativity39-06 The Lorentz Transformation for Dis-

placements39-07 The Lorentz Transformation for Time39-08 The Lorentz Transformation for Veloc-

ities39-09 Relativistic Momentum and Relativis-

tic Form of Newtons Laws39-10 Relativistic Energy39-11 Mass as a Measure of Energy39-12 Photon Momentum39-13 Conservation of Relativistic Momen-

tum, Mass, and Energy39-14 Doppler Shift for Light39-15 Pair Production and Annihilation39-16 Matter and Antimatter39-17 General Relativity and Accelerating

Reference Frames39-99 Associated problems in Chapter 3940 The Quantum Theory of Light40-01 The Photon, the Quantum of Light40-02 Hertzs Experiments: Light as an Elec-

tromagnetic Wave40-03 Blackbody Radiation and Plancks Hy-

pothesis40-04 Light Quantization and the Photoelec-

tric Effect40-05 The Compton Effect40-06 Particle-Wave Complementarity, Dual-

ity: Double Slits40-07 Effect of Gravity on Light

40-08 The Wave Function40-09 Electron Microscopes40-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4041 The Particle Nature of Matter41-01 The Atomic Nature of Matter41-02 The Composition of Atoms41-03 Molecules41-04 The Bohr Atom41-05 QuantumModel of the Hydrogen Atom41-06 Franck-Herz Experiment41-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4142 Matter Waves42-01 de Broglie Waves42-02 The Time Independent Schrodinger

Equation42-03 The Davisson-Germer Experiment42-04 Fourier Integrals42-05 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle42-06 Wave Groups and Dispersion42-07 Wave-Particle Duality42-08 String Waves and Matter Waves42-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4243 QuantumMechanics in One Dimen-sion43-01 The Hydrogen Atom43-02 The Born Interpretation43-03 The Time-Dependent Schrodinger

Equation43-04 Wavefunction for a Free Particle43-05 Wavefunctions in the Presence of

Forces43-06 Particle in a Box43-07 Energies of a Trapped Electron43-08 Wave Functions of a Trapped Electron43-09 The Finite Square Well43-10 More Electron Traps43-11 Two- and Three-Dimensional Electron

Traps43-12 The Quantum Oscillator43-13 Expectation Values43-14 Observables and Operators43-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4344 Tunneling Phenomena44-01 The Square Barrier44-02 Barrier Penetration: Some Applica-

tions44-03 Decay Rates44-04 The Scanning Tunneling Microscope44-99 Associated problems in Chapter 44


45 Quantum Mechanics in Three Di-mensions45-01 Three-Dimensional Schrodinger Equa-

tion45-02 Particle in a Three-Dimensional Box45-03 Central Forces and Angular Momen-

tum45-04 Space Quantization45-05 Quantization of Angular Momentum

and Energy45-06 Atomic Hydrogen and Hydrogen-like

Ions45-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4546 Atomic Structure46-01 Some Properties of Atoms46-02 Atomic Spectra46-03 Orbital Magnetism and the Normal

Zeeman Effect46-04 Electron Spin46-05 The Spin-Orbit Interaction and Other

Magnetic Effects46-06 Angular Momenta and Magnetic

Dipole Moments46-07 The Stern-Gerlach Experiment46-08 Magnetic Resonance46-09 Electron Clouds46-10 Exchange Symmetry and the Exclusion

Principle46-11 Multiple Electrons in Rectangular

Traps46-12 Electron Interactions and Screening Ef-

fects46-13 The Periodic Table46-14 Isotopes46-15 X-Ray Spectra and Moseleys Law46-16 Atomic Transitions46-17 Lasers and Holography46-18 How Lasers Work46-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4647 Statistical Physics47-01 The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution47-02 Quantum Statistics, Indistinguishabil-

ity, and the Pauli Exclusion Principle47-03 Applications of Bose-Einstein Statis-

tics47-04 An Application of Fermi-Dirac Statis-

tics: The Free-Electron Gas Theory ofMetals

47-99 Associated problems in Chapter 47

48 Molecular Structure48-01 Bonding Mechanisms48-02 Weak (van der Waals) Bonds48-03 Polyatomic Molecules48-04 Diatomic Molecules: Molecular Rota-

tion and Vibration48-05 Molecular Spectra48-06 Electron Sharing and the Covalent

Bond48-07 Bonding in Complex Molecules48-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4849 The Solid State49-01 Bonding in Solids49-02 Electrical Properties of Solids49-03 Energy Levels in a Crystalline Solid49-04 Insulators49-05 Metals49-06 Classical Free-Electron Model49-07 Quantum Theory of Metals49-08 Band Theory of Solids49-09 Semiconductor Devices49-10 Doped Semiconductors49-11 The p-n Junction49-12 The Junction Rectifier49-13 The Light-Emitting Diode (LED)49-14 Transistors and Integrated Circuits49-99 Associated problems in Chapter 4950 Superconductivity50-01 Magnetism in Matter50-02 A Brief History of Superconductivity50-03 Some Properties of Type I Supercon-

ductors50-04 Type II Superconductors50-05 Other Properties of Superconductors50-06 Electronic Specific Heat50-07 BCS Theory50-08 Energy Gap Measurements50-09 Josephson Tunneling50-10 High-Temperature Superconductivity50-11 Applications of Superconductivity50-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5051 Nuclear Structure51-01 Discovering the Nucleus51-02 Some Nuclear Properties51-03 Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces51-04 Nuclear Models51-05 Radioactivity51-06 Decay Processes51-07 Alpha Decay


51-08 Beta Decay51-09 Gamma Decay51-10 Half-Life and Rate of Decay51-11 Decay Series51-12 Radioactive Dating51-13 Measuring Radiation Dosage51-14 Natural Radioactivity51-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5152 Nuclear Physics Applications52-01 Nuclear Reactions52-02 Reaction Cross Section52-03 Interactions Involving Neutrons52-04 Nuclear Fission52-05 A Model for Nuclear Fission52-06 Nuclear Reactors52-07 A Natural Nuclear Reactor52-08 Nuclear Fusion52-09 Thermonuclear Fusion in the Sun and

Other Stars52-10 Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion52-11 Recent Fusion Energy Developments52-12 Interaction of Particles with Matter52-13 Radiation Damage in Matter52-14 Radiation Detectors52-15 Radiation Therapy52-16 Tracers52-17 Tomography Imaging: CAT Scans and

Emission Tomography52-18 NMR and MRI52-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5253 Particle Physics53-01 Elementary Particles53-02 The Fundamental Forces in Nature53-03 Particle Accelerators and Detectors53-04 Particle Exchange53-05 Particles and Antiparticles53-06 Mesons and the Beginning of Particle

Physics53-07 Classification of Particles53-08 Conservation Laws53-09 Particle Stability and Resonances53-10 Antiproton in a Bubble Chamber53-11 Leptons53-12 Hadrons53-13 Strange Particles and Strangeness53-14 Elementary Particle Production; Mea-

surement of Properties53-15 The Eightfold Way53-16 Quarks

53-17 Electroweak Theory and the StandardModel

53-18 Quasars53-19 Grand Unified Theory53-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5354 Astrophysics and Cosmology54-01 Stars and Galaxies54-02 The Birth and Death of Stars54-03 General Relativity: Gravity and the

Curvature of Space54-04 The Expanding Universe54-05 The Cosmic Connection54-06 Cosmic Background Radiation54-07 Dark Matter54-08 The Big Bang54-09 Early History of the Universe54-10 The Future of the Universe54-11 Problems and Perspectives54-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5455 Probability Distributions55-01 Uncertainites55-02 Parent and Sample Distributions55-03 Mean and Standard Deviation of Dis-

tributions55-04 Binomial Distribution55-05 Poisson Distribution55-06 Gaussian or Normal Error Distribution55-07 Lorentzian Distribution55-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5556 Error Analysis (see 01:11)56-01 Instrumental and Statistical Uncer-

tainties56-02 Propagation of Errors56-03 Specific Error Formulas56-04 Application of Error Equations56-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5657 Estimates of Mean and Errors57-01 Method of Least Squares57-02 Statistical Fluctuations57-03 2 Test of a Distribution57-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5758 Monte Carlo Techniques58-01 Introduction58-02 Random Numbers58-03 Random Numbers from Probability

Distributions58-04 Specific Distributions58-05 Efficiency58-99 Associated problems in Chapter 58


59 Least-Squares Fit to a Straight Line59-01 Dependent and Independent Variables59-02 Method of Least Squares59-03 Minimizing 2

59-04 Error Estimation59-05 Some Limitations of the Least-Squares

Method59-06 Alternate Fitting Methods59-99 Associated problems in Chapter 5960 Least-Squares Fit to a Polynomial60-01 Determinate Solution60-02 Matrix Solution60-03 Independent Parameters60-04 Nonlinear Functions60-99 Associated problems in Chapter 6061 Least-Squares Fit to an ArbitraryFunction61-01 Nonlinear Fitting61-02 Searching Parameter Space61-03 Grid-Search Mechod61-04 Gradient-Search Method61-05 Expansion Methods61-06 The Marquardt Method61-07 Comments on the Fits61-99 Associated problems in Chapter 6162 Fitting Composite Curves62-01 Lorentzian Peak on Quadratic Back-

ground62-02 Area Determination62-03 Composite Plots62-99 Associated problems in Chapter 6263 DirectApplication of theMaximum-Likelihood Method63-01 Maximum-Likelihood Method63-02 Computer Example63-99 Associated problems in Chapter 6364 Testing the Fit64-01 2 Test of Goodness of Fit64-02 Linear-Correlation Coefficient64-03 F Test64-04 Confidence Intervals64-05 Monte Carlo Tests64-99 Associated problems in Chapter 64

Chapter 23, section 1, Static Electricity: Electric Charge 13

Conceptual Q16 0123:01, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

There is an old saying that the lightningnever strikes the same place twice.Is this true?

1. Yes

2. No


Static cling makes your clothes stick to-gether.What causes this to happen?

1. friction created by tumbling clothes

2. the nature of the material

3. external forces to the clothes

4. forces of nature

Hewitt CP9 11 E0123:01, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

How does the mass of an object changewhen it acquires a positive charge?

1. decreases

2. increases

3. doesnt change

4. More information is needed.


Why do clothes often cling together after

tumbling in a clothes dryer?

1. gravitational force

2. air pressure

3. electrical force

4. The dryer heat caused some of the fabricsto melt together.

5. The clothes are electrically neutral.


When combing your hair, you scuff elec-trons from your hair onto the comb.Is your hair then positively or negatively

charged? What about the comb?

1. positively charged; negatively charged

2. Both are positively charged.

2. Both are negatively charged.

4. negatively charged; positively charged

5. Neither is charged.


At some automobile toll-collecting stations,a thin metal wire sticks up from the road andmakes contact with cars before they reach thetoll collector.What is the purpose of this wire?

1. To discharge the automobile

2. To count the vehicles

3. To warn the drivers

4. To transfer electrons to the automobile


5. To transfer positive particles to the auto-mobile

Hewitt CP9 22 E0723:01, highSchool, numeric, < 1 min, fixed.

Why are the tires for trucks carrying gaso-line and other flammable fluids manufacturedto be electrically conducting?

1. To move the negative charges from thetruck to the ground and avoid a fire

2. To neutralize the charges on the trucks

3. To make the truck move faster

4. To make the truck easier to drive

5. To move the positive charges from thetruck to the ground and avoid fire


What happens to the mass of an objectwhen it acquires a positive net charge by thetransfer of electrons?

1. decreases

2. increases

3. Doesnt change

4. Unable to determine


In a crystal of salt there are electrons andpositive ions.How does the net charge of the electrons

compare with the net charge of the ions?

1. The net charge of the negative electrons

is less than the net charge of the ions.

2. The net charge of the negative electronsis greater than the net charge of the ions.

3. The net charge of the negative electronshas the same magnitude as the net charge ofthe ions.

4. Sometimes the net charge of the negativeelectrons is greater than the net charge of theions and sometimes it is less.



The five thousand billion freely movingelectrons in a penny repel one another.Why dont they fly off the penny?

1. They are attracted to the five thou-sand billion positively charged protons in theatomic nuclei of atoms in the penny.

2. They dont have enough speed.

3. They cause a jam when they try to flyaway.

4. The shell of the penny prevents the elec-trons from flying.

5. The electrons attract each other.


If you are caught outdoors in a thunder-storm, why should you not stand under atree?

1. A tree is likely to accumulate an electriccharge that can kill you if you touch the tree.

2. A tree attracts electrically polarized air


molecules that can have a harmful effect onyour body.

3. A tree is likely to be hit by lightningbecause you and the tree now form a polarizedsystem.

4. A tree is likely to be hit by lightningbecause it provides a path of less resistancebetween the cloud overhead and the ground.

5. The tree has more resistance than the airand thus is likely to be hit by lightning.


What keeps an inflated balloon from fallingdown if you rub it against your hair and placeit against a wall?

1. Rubbing leaves a balloon electricallycharged; the charged balloon polarizes thewall.

2. Rubbing distorts the atoms inside theballon and polarizes it.

3. When you rub the balloon against yourhair, the balloon may have some oil attachedto it, which can be sticky.

4. When you rub the balloon against yourhair, it will remove some mass from the bal-loon and make it lighter.

5. Rubbing polarizes the air inside of theballoon.


When the chassis of a car is moved into apainting chamber, a mist of paint is sprayedaround the chassis. When the car is given asudden electric charge, the mist is attractedto it, and the car is quickly and uniformly

painted.What does the phenomenon of polarization

have to do with this?

1. The air is polarized and makes the paintflow uniformly.

2. The paint particles in the mist are polar-ized and as such are attracted to the chargedchassis.

3. The car is polarized and easily attractspaint particles.

4. The car is magnetic; with some polariza-tion of the paint, it will be easier for the paintto be attracted to the car.

Holt SF 17Rev 0323:01, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

A negatively charged balloon has 3.5 C ofcharge.How many excess electrons are on this bal-

loon?


Calculate the net charge on a substanceconsisting of a combination of 7.0 1013 pro-tons and 4.0 1013 electrons.


Part 1 of 2One gram of copper has 9.48 1021 atoms,

and each copper atom has 29 electrons.a) How many electrons are contained in

2.00 g of copper?

Part 2 of 2b) What is the total charge of these elec-trons?

Chapter 23, section 2, Quantized Charge 16


How can a charged atom (an ion) attract aneutral atom?

1. The charged atom can hit the neutralatom and make it positively charged or nega-tively charged.

2. The charged atom can emit x rays toinduce ionization of the neutral atom.

3. The charged atom can produce secondaryelectrons to interact with the neutral atomand make it positively charged or negativelycharged.

4. An ion polarizes a nearby neutral atom,so that the part of the atom nearer to the ionacquires a charge opposite to the charge of theion, and the part of the atom farther from theion acquires a charge of the same sign as theion.


Part 1 of 2A certain moving electron has a kinetic en-

ergy of 1.00 1019 J.a) Calculate the speed necessary for the

electron to have this energy.

Part 2 of 2b) Calculate the speed of a proton, having akinetic energy of 1.00 1019 J.

Chapter 23, section 3, Insulators and Conductors 17

Conceptual 24 Q0123:03, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Why are metals generally good conductorsof electricity?

1. Metals have free electrons in their outershell.

2. Metals have strong bonding with otheratoms.

3. Metals have more protons.

Conceptual 24 Q0223:03, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,wording-variable.

Take the point of view of an electron mov-ing among other electrons and atoms in amaterial.Describe your motion in an insulator.

1. free to move around but will occasionallybump into an atom

2. can move around but with difficulty

3. can move around freely with no limita-tions

4. bonded to an atom and cannot stray fromthat location


How does salt water conduct electricity?

1. Salt dissolved in water gives out ions,which helps conduct electricity.

2. Salt insreases the density of water, whichhelps conduct electricity.

3. Salt decreases the density of water, which

helps conduct electricity.


How can a hole moving through a semi-conductor be like an electric charge movingthrough the same material?

1. If an electron moves into the hole, thehole changes places with the electron.

2. A hole is a location of a proton.


How do we normally classify air?

1. electrical conductor

2. electrical insulator

3. semiconductor

4. superconductor


Why are metal-spiked shoes not a good ideafor golfers on a stormy day?

1. The metal spikes can accumulate a netcharge.

2. The spikes attract electrical charges.

3. There might be electrical sparks betweenthe two spikes because they are conductors.

4. The metal spikes provide an effective elec-trical path from cloud to ground.

Hewitt CP9 22 E2923:03, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,


fixed.

Why is a good conductor of electricity isalso a good conductor of heat?

1. They all carry energies for both electricityand heat.

2. For both electricity and heat, the con-duction is via atoms, which in a metal areloosely bound, easy flowing, and easy to startmoving.

3. If there is a current through a conduc-tor, there should also be heat produced byresistance.

4. Because both a good conductor for heatand a good conductor for electricity donthave bound electrons in them.

5. For both electricity and heat, the con-duction is via electrons, which in a metal areloosely bound, easy flowing, and easy to startmoving.


Suppose that a metal file cabinet is charged.How will the charge concentration at the

corners of the cabinet compare with thecharge concentration on the flat parts of thecabinet?

1. Higher than the concentration at the flatparts.

2. Lower than the concentration at the flatparts.

3. Equal everywhere

4. More information is needed.

5. None of these

Induced Metal Ball

23:03, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

A neutral ball is suspended by a string.A positively charged insulating rod is placednear the ball, which is observed to be at-tracted to the rod.This is because

1. the ball becomes positively charged byinduction.

2. the ball becomes negatively charged byinduction.

3. the number of electrons in the ball isgreater than in the rod.

4. the string is not a perfect conductor.

5. there is a rearrangement of the electronsin the ball.

Inside a Sphere23:03, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Imagine a charge in the center of a conduct-ing, hollow sphere. There is no net charge onthe sphere, and the sphere is not connected toground.

q

What will happen if the charge is moved alittle away from the center?

1. The charge will return to the center.

2. The charge will remain stationary.

3. The charge will move away from the cen-ter.

4. All of these can happen, depending on thesize of the charge.


5. There is not enough information to tell.

Inside Parallel Plates23:03, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,fixed.

Imagine a charge in the middle betweentwo parallel plate conductors. There is no netcharge on the plates, and the plates are notconnected to ground.

q

What will happen if the charge is moved alittle away from the middle?

1. The charge will return to the middle.

2. The charge will remain stationary.

3. The charge will move away from the mid-dle.

4. All of these can happen, depending on thesize of the charge.

5. There is not enough information to tell.

Chapter 23, section 4, Induced Charge: the Electroscope 20

Charging Two Metal Balls23:04, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,wording-variable.

Two uncharged metal balls,X and Z, standon insulating glass rods. A third ball, carryinga negative charge, is brought near the ball Zas shown in the figure. A conducting wire isthen run betweenX and Z and then removed.Finally the third ball is removed.

Z X

conducting wire

When all this is finished

1. ballX is negative and ball Z is positive.

2. ballX is positive and ball Z is negative.

3. balls X and Z are both positive, but ballX carries more charge than ball Z.

4. balls X and Z are both negative.

5. balls X and Z are still uncharged.

6. ball X is neutral and ball Z is positive.

7. ball X is neutral and ball Z is negative.

8. ball X is positive and ball Z is neutral.

9. ball X is negative and ball Z is neutral.

10. balls X and Z are both positive, but ballZ carries more charge than ball X.


An electroscope is a simple device consist-ing of a metal ball that is attached by a con-ductor to two thin leaves of metal foil pro-

tected from air disturbance in a jar. When theball is touched by a charged body, the leavesthat normally hang straight down, spreadapart.Why?

1. The charge transfers to the leaves throughthe metal ball. Since the leaves have identi-cal charges, they are pushed away from eachother.

2. The charge transfers to the leaves throughthe glass. Since the leaves have differentcharges, they are pushed away from eachother.

3. The charge transfers to the leaves throughthe metal ball. Since the leaves have differ-ent charges, they are pushed away from eachother.

4. The charge transfers to the two leavesthrough the glass. Since the leaves have iden-tical charges, they are pushed away from eachother.

5. None of these


The leaves of a charged electroscope col-lapse in time. At higher altitudes they col-lapse more rapidly.Why is this true?

1. Cosmic rays have higher ionization capa-bility at higher altitudes in air, allowing foreasier discharge.

2. Cosmic rays ionize more air at lower alti-tudes.

3. Cosmic rays hit the leaves and knock theelectrical charges off the leaves.

4. There is less air at higher altitudes.

Chapter 23, section 4, Induced Charge: the Electroscope 21

5. Colder temperatures exist at higher alti-tudes.


Is it necessary for a charged body to actu-ally touch the ball of the electroscope for theleaves to diverge?

1. Yes; charged particles transfer to the ballonly with contact.

2. No; the charged particles will attract orpush electrons out of the ball.

3. Yes; particles cant move through theair.

4. No; the charged particles will movethrough the air.

5. None of these


Can an object be charged negatively withthe help of a positively charged object?

1. Yes, by bringing the positively-chargedobject near the object to be charged, thendischarging the far side

2. Yes, by bringing the positively-chargedobject near the object to be charged, thendischarging the near side

3. Yes, by rubbing the two objects together

4. Yes, by letting the two objects touch eachother

5.No; negative charges can only be obtainedwith other negatively charged objects.

Hewitt CP9 22 E16

23:04, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

When one material is rubbed against an-other, electrons jump readily from one to theother.Why dont protons do that?

1. Electrons can attract each other whileprotons repel each other.

2. Electrons are much lighter than protons.

3. Electrons are much heavier than pro-tons.

4. Electrons are easily dislodged from theouter regions of atoms, but protons are heldtightly within the nucleus.

5. Electrons travel at the speed of light whileprotons move very slowly.

Chapter 23, section 5, Coulombs Law 22

Charges on Spheres 0123:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Part 1 of 2Two conducting spheres have identical

radii. Initially they have charges of oppo-site sign and unequal magnitudes with themagnitude of the positive charge larger thanthe magnitude of the negative charge. Theyattract each other with a force of 0.108 Nwhen separated by 0.5 m.

++

++

Initial

The spheres are suddenly connected by a thinconducting wire, which is then removed.

+ +Connected

Now the spheres repel each other with a forceof 0.036 N.

+ +Final

What is the magnitude of the positivecharge?

Part 2 of 2What is the negative charge?

Compare two coulomb forces23:05, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Two charges q1 and q2 are separated by adistance d and exert a force F on each other.What is the new force F , if charge 1 is

increased to q1 = 5 q, charge 2 is decreasedto q2 = q2/2, and the distance is decreased tod = d/2? Choose one

1. F = 5 F

2. F = 10 F

3. F = 20 F

4. F = 5/2 F

5. F = 5/4 F

6. F = 25 F

7. F = 50 F

8. F = 100 F

9. F = 25/2 F

10. F = 25/4 F

Conceptual 16 0123:05, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,fixed.

Based on electric charges and separa-tions, which of the following atomic bondsis strongest? (You are interested only in therelative strengths, which depend only on therelative charges and distances.)

1. A +1 sodium atom separated by 2.0 dis-tance units from a 1 chlorine atom in tablesalt

2. A +1 hydrogen atom separated by 1.0distance units from a2 oxygen atom in tablesalt

3. A +4 sodium atom separated by 1.5 dis-tance units from a 2 oxygen atom in tablesalt

Conceptual 16 0223:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Part 1 of 3Assume that in interstellar space the dis-

tance between two electrons is about 0.1 cm.The electric force between the two electrons

is

1. attractive.

2. repulsive.


Part 2 of 3Calculate the electric force between these twoelectrons.

Part 3 of 3Calculate the gravitational force betweenthese two electrons.


Part 1 of 3Assume that in interstellar space the dis-

tance between two protons is about 0.1 cm.The electric force between the two protons

is

1. attractive

2. repulsive

Part 2 of 3Calculate the electric force between these twoprotons.

Part 3 of 3Calculate the gravitational force betweenthese two protons.


Part 1 of 2Assume that you have two objects, one with

a mass of 10 kg and the other with a mass of15 kg, each with a charge of 0.03 C andseparated by a distance of 2 m.What is the electric force that these objects

exert on one another?

Part 2 of 2What is the gravitational force betweenthem?

Conceptual 16 423:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, fixed.

Part 1 of 2

Assume that you have two objects, one withmass of 10 kg and the other with a mass of15 kg, each with a charge of 0.03 C andseparated by a distance of 2 meters,What is the electric force that these objects

exert on one another?

Part 2 of 2What is the gravitational force betweenthem?


Object A and object B are initially un-charged and are separated by a distance of 1meter. Suppose 10,000 electrons are removedfrom object A and placed on object B, creat-ing an attractive force between A and B. Anadditional 10,000 electrons are removed fromA and placed on B and the objects are movedso that the distance between them increasesto 2 meters.By what factor does the electric force be-

tween them change?

1. Doubles

2. Triples

3. Quadruples

4. Halves

5. No change

Conceptual Q16 0223:05, highSchool, numeric,< 1min, wording-variable.

If you triple the distance between twocharged objects, by what factor is the elec-tric force affected?



If you double the charge on one of twocharged objects, how does the force betweenthem change?

1. Double

2. Quadruple

3. Triple

4. Halve

5. Does not change

Conceptual Q16 0423:05, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,wording-variable.

Three small spheres carry equal amounts ofelectric charge. They are equally spaced andlie along the same line.

+ +

What is the direction of the net electricforce on each charge due to the other charge?

1. + +

2. + +

3. + +

4. + +

5. + +

6. + +

7. + +

8. + +

9. + +

10. + +


Part 1 of 2Object A and object B are initially un-

charged and separated by a distance of 2 me-ters. Suppose 10,000 electrons are removedfrom object A and placed on object B, creat-ing an electric force between A and B.The electric force is

1. repulsive.

2. attractive.

3. zero.

Part 2 of 2An additional 10,000 electrons are removedfrom A and placed on B.By what factor does the electric force

change?


A charge of +1 coulomb is place at the 0-cm mark of a meter stick. A charge of 1coulomb is placed at the 100-cm mark of the


same meter stick.Is it possible to place a proton somewhere

on the meter stick so that the net force on itdue to the two charges is 0?

1. Yes; to the right of the 50-cm mark

2. Yes; to the left of the 50-cm mark

3. No

Conceptual Q16 2123:05, highSchool, numeric, < 1 min, fixed.

A charge of +1 coulomb is place at the 0-cm mark of a meter stick. A charge of +4coulombs is placed at the 100-cm mark of thesame meter stick.Where should a proton be placed on the

meter stick so that the net force on it due tothe two charges is 0?


We do not feel the gravitational forces be-tween ourselves and the objects around usbecause these forces are extremely small.Why dont we usually feel electrical forces?

1. The force is small.

2. We have the same number of positivelycharged particles and negatively charged par-ticles in our bodies.

3. Electrical force cannot be felt.

4. Gravitational forces overwhelm the elec-tric forces.


Why is it relatively easy to strip the outerelectrons from a heavy atom like uranium(which then becomes a uranium ion), but very

difficult to remove the inner electrons?

1. The inner electrons are stuck on the nu-cleus.

2. The outer electrons feel no force.

3. For the outer electrons, the attractiveforce of the nucleus is largely canceled by therepulsive force of the inner electrons.

4. No processes can affect the inner elec-trons.

5. The outer electrons are always free elec-trons.


How does the magnitude of the electri-cal force between a pair of charged objectschange when the objects are moved twice asfar apart?

1. doubles

2. quadruples

3. Reduces to one quarter of original value

4. Reduces to one half of original value

5. Doesnt change


How does the magnitude of the electricalforce between change a pair of charged par-ticles when they are brought to half theiroriginal distance of separation?

1. doubles

2. quadruples


3. Reduces to one quarter of original value

4. Reduces to one half of original value

5. Doesnt change


Two equal charges exert equal forces oneach other.What if one charge has twice the magnitude

of the other?

1. The bigger charge will exert a force twiceas strong.

2. The bigger charge will exert a force fourtimes as strong.

3. The smaller charge will exert a force twiceas strong.

4. The smaller charge will exert a force fourtimes as strong.

5. The forces will be equal.


If you place a free electron and a free protonin the same electric field, how will the forcesacting on them compare?

1. Equal in magnitude and direction

2. Different in both magnitude and direc-tion

3. In the same direction but not equal inmagnitude

4. Equal in magnitude, but opposite in di-rection

5. Comparison is not possible.


Consider two charged plates with the samenet charge on each. Imagine a proton at resta certain distance from a negatively chargedplate; after being released it collides with theplate. Then imagine an electron at rest thesame distance from a positively charged plate.In which case will the moving particle have

the greater speed when the collision occurs?

1. The proton and the electron will have thesame speed on impact.

2. The proton will have the greater speed onimpact.

3. The electron will have the greater speedon impact.

4. It cannot be determined.

Hewitt CP9 22 P0123:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Part 1 of 2Two point charges are separated by 6 cm,

with an attractive force between them of 20 N.Find the force between them when they are

separated by 12 cm. The Coulomb constantis 8.99 109 N m2/C2.

Part 2 of 2If the two charges have equal magnitude, whatis the magnitude of each charge for the origi-nal force of 20 N?


Part 1 of 2Two pellets, each with a charge of 1

106 C, are located 0.03 m apart.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2 and the universal gravita-tional constant is 6.67259 1011 m3/kg s2.


What is the electric force between the pel-lets?

Part 2 of 2What mass would experience this same forcein the Earths gravitational field?


Part 1 of 3Atomic physicists usually ignore the effect

of gravity within an atom. To see why, we maycalculate and compare the magnitude of theratio of the electrical force and gravitational

forceFeFgbetween an electron and a proton

separated by a distance of 1 m.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2, the gravitational constant is6.67259 1011 m3/kg s2, the mass of a pro-ton is 1.67262 1027 kg, the mass of anelectron is 9.10939 1031 kg, the charge ona proton is 1.602 1019 C, and the chargeon an electron is 1.602 1019 C.What is the magnitude of the electrical

force?

Part 2 of 3What is the magnitude of the gravitationalforce?

Part 3 of 3What is the ratio of the magnitude of theelectrical force to the magnitude of the gravi-tational force?

Hewitt CP9 22 R0223:05, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Why does the gravitational force betweenthe Earth and moon predominate over electricforces?

1. Because the masses of the Earth andmoon are very large.

2. Because both the Earth and the moon are

electrically neutral.

3. Because the distance between the Earthand the moon is very large.

4. Because there is no electric charge on themoon.

Hewitt CP9 22 R1123:05, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

How is Coulombs law similar to Newtonslaw of gravitation? How is it different?

1. Both forces vary inversely as the square ofthe separation distance between the two ob-jects; electrical forces may be either attractiveor repulsive, whereas gravitational forces areonly attractive.

2. Both forces are proportional to the prod-uct of the mass of the two objects; electricalforces may be either attractive or repulsive,whereas gravitational forces are only attrac-tive.

3. Both forces are proportional to the sameconstant; electrical forces are only presenton earth, whereas gravitational forces existeverywhere.

4. Both forces vary inversely as the squareof the separation distance between the twoobjects; electrical forces are only present onearth, whereas gravitational forces can existeverywhere.

5. Both forces are proportional to the prod-uct of the masses of the two objects; electricalforces are only present on earth, whereas grav-itational forces exist everywhere.

6. Both forces proportional to the same con-stant; electrical forces may be either attrac-tive or repulsive, whereas gravitational forcesare only attractive.

Holt SF 17A 01


23:05, highSchool, numeric,< 1min, wording-variable.

A balloon rubbed against denim gains acharge of 8.0 C.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.What is the electric force between the bal-

loon and the denim when the two are sepa-rated by a distance of 5.0 cm? (Assume thatthe charges are located at a point.)

Holt SF 17A 0223:05, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

Part 1 of 2Two identical conducting spheres are

placed with their centers 0.30 m apart. One isgiven a charge of +12 109 C and the otheris given a charge of 18 109 C.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.a) Find the electric force exerted on one

sphere by the other.

Part 2 of 2The spheres are connected by a conductingwire.b) After equilibrium has occurred, find the

electric force between the two spheres.


Part 1 of 4A small cork with an excess charge of

+6.0 C is placed 0.12 m from another cork,which carries a charge of 4.3 C.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.a) What is the magnitude of the electric

force between the corks?

Part 2 of 4b) Is this force attractive or repulsive?

1. attractive

2. repulsive


Part 3 of 4c) How many excess electrons are on the neg-ative cork?

Part 4 of 4d) How many electrons has the positive corklost?


Two electrostatic point charges of+60.0 C and +50.0 C exert a repulsiveforce on each other of 175 N.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.What is the distance between the two

charges?

Holt SF 17B 0123:05, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

Part 1 of 3Three point charges, q1 = +6.0 C, q2 =

+1.5 C, and q3 = 2.0 C, lie along thex-axis at x = 0 cm, x = 3.0 cm, and x = 5.0cm, respectively.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.a) What is the force exerted on q1 by the

other two charges? (To the right is positive.)

Part 2 of 3b)What is the force exerted on q2 by the othertwo charges? (To the right is positive.)

Part 3 of 3c) What is the force exerted on q3 by the othertwo charges? (To the right is positive.)

Holt SF 17B 0223:05, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-


variable.

Part 1 of 6Four charged particles are placed so that

each particle is at the corner of a square. Thesides of the square are 15 cm. The charge atthe upper left corner is +3.0 C, the charge atthe upper right corner is 6.0 C, the chargeat the lower left corner is 2.4 C, and thecharge at the lower right corner is 9.0 C.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.a) What is the magnitude of the net electric

force on the +3.0 C charge?

Part 2 of 6b) What is the direction of this force (mea-sured from the positive x-axis as an angle be-tween 180 and 180, with counterclockwisepositive)?

Part 3 of 6c) What is the magnitude of the net electricforce on the 6.0 C charge?

Part 4 of 6d) What is the direction of this force (mea-sured from the positive x-axis, with counter-clockwise positive)?

Part 5 of 6e) What is the magnitude of the net electricforce on the 9.0 C charge?

Part 6 of 6f) What is the direction of this force (asan angle between 180 and 180 measuredfrom the positive x-axis, with counterclock-wise positive)?

Holt SF 17C 0123:05, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

A charge of +2.00 109 C is placed at theorigin, and another charge of +4.00 109 Cis placed at x = 1.5 m.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.

Find the point (coordinate) between thesetwo charges where a charge of +3.00 109 Cshould be placed so that the net electric forceon it is zero.

Holt SF 17C 0223:05, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

A charge q1 of 5.00 109 C and a chargeq2 of 2.00 109 C are separated by a dis-tance of 40.0 cm.Find the equilibrium position for a third

charge of +15.0 109 C by identifying itsdistance from q1.

Holt SF 17C 0323:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, fixed.

An electron is released above the Earthssurface. A second electron directly below itexerts just enough of an electric force on thefirst electron to cancel the gravitational forceon it.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2 and the acceleration of grav-ity is 9.81 m/s2 .Find the distance between the two elec-

trons.

1. 5.07424 cm

2. 5.07424 m

3. 5.07424 km

4. 50.7424 m

5. 0.507424 m

Holt SF 17Rev 1823:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, fixed.

At the point of fission, a nucleus of 235Uthat has 92 protons is divided into two smallerspheres, each of which has 46 protons and aradius of 5.9 1015 m.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.


What is the magnitude of the repulsiveforce pushing these two spheres apart?

1. 4.75067 1020 N/C

2. 3496.5 N

3. 4.02599 1034 N m/C

4. 4.12586 1011 N m

5. None of these



What is the electric force between a glassball that has +2.5 C of charge and a rubberball that has 5.0 C of charge when they areseparated by a distance of 5.0 cm?The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.


An alpha particle (charge = +2.0 e) is sentat high speed toward a gold nucleus (charge= +79 e).The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.What is the electric force acting on the

alpha particle when the alpha particle is 2.01014 m from the gold nucleus?

1. 94.359 N, repulsive

2. 90.9069 N, repulsive

3. 90.9069 N, attractive

4. None of these


6. 94.359 N, attractive


Part 1 of 2Three positive point charges are arranged

in a triangular pattern in a plane, as shownbelow.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.

+3 nC

+

6 nC

+

2 nC1m

1m

1 m

Find the magnitude of the net electric forceon the 6 nC charge.

Part 2 of 2b) What is the direction of this force (mea-sured from the positive x-axis as an angle be-tween 180 and 180, with counterclockwisepositive)?


Part 1 of 2Two positive point charges, each of which

has a charge of 2.5 109 C, are located aty = +0.50 m and y = 0.50 m.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2.a) Find the magnitude of the resultant elec-

trical force on a charge of 3.0109 C locatedat x = 0.70 m.

Part 2 of 2b) What is the direction of this force (mea-sured from the positive x-axis as an angle be-


tween 180 and 180, with counterclockwisepositive)?


Three point charges lie in a straight linealong the y-axis. A charge of q1 = 9.0 C isat y = 6.0 m, and a charge of q2 = 8.0 C isat y = 4.0 m. The net electric force on thethird point charge is zero.Where along the yaxis is this charge lo-

cated?


A charge of +3.5 nC and a charge of +5.0nC are separated by 40.0 cm.Find the equilibrium position for a 6.0 nC

charge as a distance from the first charge.


1.0 g of hydrogen contains 6.02 1023atoms, each with one electron and one pro-ton. Suppose that 1 g of hydrogen is sep-arated into protons and electrons, that theprotons are placed at Earths north pole, andthat the electrons are placed at Earths southpole.Find the magnitude of the resulting com-

pressional force on Earth. (The radius ofEarth is approximately 6.38 106 m.)

Holt SF 17Rev 4723:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, fixed.

The moon (m = 7.36 1022kg) is bound toEarth (m = 5.98 1024 kg) by gravity.The Coulomb constant is

8.98755 109 N m2/C2 .If, instead, the force of attraction were the

result of each having a charge of the samemagnitude but opposite in sign, find the quan-

tity of charge that would have to be placed oneach to produce the required force.

1. 6.71571 1013 C

2. 5.71649 1013 C

3. 4.71571 1013 C

4. 5.71649 1014 C

5. 5.71649 1012 C


Two small metallic spheres, each with amass of 0.200 g, are suspended as pendulumsby light strings from a common point. Theyare given the same electric charge, and thetwo come to equilibrium when each string isat an angle of 5.0 with the vertical.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2, and the acceleration of gravityis 9.81 m/s2.If each string is 30.0 cm long, what is the

magnitude of the charge on each sphere?


Three identical point charges hang fromthree strings, as shown.The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 N m2/C2, and the acceleration of gravityis 9.81 m/s2.


45 45Fg

30.0 cm30.0 cm

+++

+q+q +q

0.10 kg0.10 kg 0.10 kg

What is the value of q?


A DNA molecule (deoxyribonucleic acid)is 2.17 m long. The ends of the moleculebecome singly ionized so that there is 1.601019 C on one end and +1.60 1019 Con the other. The helical molecule acts asa spring and compresses 1.00 percent uponbecoming charged.The value of Coulombs constant is

8.98755 109 N m2/C2 and the accelerationof gravity is 9.8 m/s2.Find the effective spring constant of the

molecule.

Magnitude of Force23:05, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

There are two identical small metal sphereswith charges 33 C and 26.4 C. The dis-tance between them is 5 cm. The spheresare placed in contact then set at their orig-inal distance. The Coulomb constant is8.98755 109N m2/C2 .Calculate the magnitude of the force be-

tween the two spheres at the final position.

Chapter 23, section 7, The Electric Field 33

AlF 323:07, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,fixed.

Part 1 of 6A conceptual model of aluminum triflouride

(AlF3) is approximately a square with chargesat the corners.

QD= q

QA= 3 q

QC= q

QB= q

Oa

The magnitude of the electric field EOat

the center O is given by

1. EO= 42k q

a2.

2. EO=2k q

a2.

3. EO= 22k q

a2.

4. EO=k q

a2.

5. EO=12

k q

a2.

6. EO=4 k q

a2.

7. EO=

1

42

k q

a2.

8. EO= 3

k q

a2.

9. EO=8 k q

a2.

10. EO=

1

32

k q

a2.

Part 2 of 6The magnitude of the electric field E

Cat C

due to the 3 charges at A, B, and D is givenby

1. EC= 42k q

a2.

2. EC=2k q

a2.

3. EC= 22k q

a2.

4. EC=

(3

22

)k q

a2.

5. EC=3

2

k q

a2.

6. EC=9

4

k q

a2.

7. EC=(32) k qa2

.

8. EC= 3

k q

a2.

9. EC= 32k q

a2.

10. EC=

1

32

k q

a2.

Part 3 of 6Determine the absolute value of tan, where is the angle between the horizontal and theelectric field at C due to the three charges atA, B, and D.

1. | tan| = 22 1

22 + 1

2. | tan| = 22 1

3. | tan| = 22 + 1

4. | tan| = 22 + 1

22 1

5. | tan| = 122 1

6. | tan| =2

7. | tan| = 12

8. | tan| = 122 + 1

9. | tan| = 1

10. | tan| =3


Part 4 of 6Consider charges in a square again, but thistime with a different assignment of charges(shown in the figure below).

QD= q

QA= q

QC= q

QB= q

O

aFind E

Oat O .

1. EO= 4

k q

a2

2. EO=2k q

a2

3. EO= 22k q

a2

4. EO=k q

a2

5. EO=12

k q

a2

6. EO=

1

52

k q

a2

7. EO=

1

42

k q

a2

8. EO= 3

k q

a2

9. EO= 32k q

a2

10. EO=

1

32

k q

a2

Part 5 of 6Find the electric field E

Cat C due to the 3

charges at A, B, and D for the setup in theprevious Part.

1. EC= 4

k q

a2

2. EC=2k q

a2

3. EC= 2

k q

a2

4. EC=k q

a2

5. EC=

(2 +

1

2

)k q

a2

6. EC=5

2

k q

a2

7. EC=

7

42

k q

a2

8. EC= 3

k q

a2

9. EC= 32k q

a2

10. EC=

1

32

k q

a2

Part 6 of 6Again, determine tan, where as the anglebetween the horizontal and the electric fieldat C due to the three charges at A, B, and D.

1. tan =22 1

22 + 1

2. tan = 22 1

3. tan = 22 + 1

4. tan =22 + 1

22 1

5. tan =1

22 1

6. tan =2

7. tan =12

8. tan =1

22 + 1

9. tan = 1

10. tan =3


Part 1 of 4The electric field at a point in space is

defined as the force per unit charge at that


point in space. We can write the electric fieldE of a charge q at a distance d from thatcharge, experienced by a charge Q, as

E =F

Q= k

q

d2

The electric field has a direction such thatit points toward negative charges and pointsaway from positive charges. Suppose your ruba balloon in your hair and it acquires a staticcharge of 3 109 C.What is the strength of the electric field

created by the balloon at a location 1 m duenorth of the balloon?

Part 2 of 4What is the direction of that electric field?

1. south

2. north

3. east

4. west

5. downward

6. upward

Part 3 of 4You hair acquired an equal amount of positivecharge when you rubbed the balloon on yourhead.What is the strength of the electric field

created by your head, at the location of yourfeet, 1.5 meters below?

Part 4 of 4What is the direction of that electric field?

1. south

2. north

3. east

4. west

5. downward

6. upward

Conceptual Q16 0823:07, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,wording-variable.

Two small spheres carry equal amounts ofelectric charge. There are equally spacedpoints (a , b , and c) which lie along the sameline.

a b c

What is the direction of the net electric fieldat each point due to these charges?

1.a b c

2.a b c

3.a b c

4.a b c

5.a b c

6.a b c

7.a b c

8.a b c


9.a b c

10.a b c

Force and Field23:07, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,wording-variable.

Part 1 of 2Two charged particles of equal magnitude

(+Q and Q) are fixed at opposite corners ofa square that lies in a plane (see figure below).A test charge q is placed at a third corner.

+Q

q QWhat is the direction of the force on the

test charge due to the two other charges?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Part 2 of 2Let the side of the square be a. What is themagnitude of the electric field at the locationof q due to the two charges: +Q and Q.

1. 0

2.k Q

a2

3.2k Q

a2

4.3k Q

a2

5. 2k Q

a2

6. 2k q Q

a2

7.k Q

a

8.2k Q

a

9.3k Q

a

10. 2k Q

a


If a large enough electric field is applied,even an insulator will conduct an electriccurrent, as is evident in lightning dischargesthrough the air.Explain how this happens, taking into ac-

count the opposite charges in an atom andhow ionization occurs.

1. The insulator itself can produce an elec-tric field under the influence of strong externalelectric field.

2. A neutral atom in an electric field is elec-trically distorted; if the field is strong enough,ionization occurs with charges being torn fromeach other. The ions then provide a conduct-ing path for an electric current.


3. If the field is strong enough, all the elec-trons in an insulator will become free, causingan electric current.

4. If the field is strong enough, air aroundthe insulator would be ionized. The ionizedparticles can hit the insulator to change it intoa conductor.

5. If the field is strong enough, the protonsin a neutral atom will become neutrons.


Part 1 of 2Usually the force of gravity on electrons is

neglected. To see why, we can compare theforce of the Earths gravity on an electronwith the force exerted on the electron by anelectric field of magnitude of 10000 V/m (arelatively small field).The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2, the

mass of an electron is 9.10939 1031 kg, andthe charge on an electron is 1.6021019 C.What is the force exerted on the electron by

an electric field of magnitude of 10000 V/m?

Part 2 of 2What is the force of the Earths gravity onthe electron?


A droplet of ink in an industrial ink-jetprinter carries a charge of 1 1010 C and isdeflected onto paper by a force of 0.0003 N.Find the strength of the electric field to

produce this force.


Part 1 of 2In 1909 Robert Millikan was the first to find

the charge of an electron in his now-famousoil drop experiment. In the experiment tinyoil drops are sprayed into a uniform electric

field between a horizontal pair of oppositelycharged plates. The drops are observed witha magnifying eyepiece, and the electric field isadjusted so that the upward force q E on somenegatively charged oil drops is just sufficientto balance the downward force mg of gravity.Millikan accurately measured the charges onmany oil drops and found the values to bewhole-number multiples of 1.6 1019 C the charge of the electron. For this he wonthe Nobel Prize.The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2.If a drop of mass 6.530611015 kg remains

stationary in an electric field of 100000 N/C,what is the charge on this drop?

Part 2 of 2How many extra electrons are on this particu-lar oil drop (given the presently known chargeof the electron)?

Holt SF 17D 0123:07, highSchool, numeric,> 1min, wording-variable.

Part 1 of 2A charge of 5.00 C is at the origin and a

second charge of 3.00 C is on the positivex-axis 0.800 m from the origin.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.Find the magnitude of the electric field at a

point P on the y-axis 0.500 m from the origin.

Part 2 of 2Determine the direction of this electric field(as an angle between 180 and 180 mea-sured from the positive x-axis, with counter-clockwise positive).

Holt SF 17D 0223:07, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, fixed.

A proton and an electron in a hydrogenatom are separated on the average by about5.3 1011 m.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.What is the magnitude and direction of


the electric field set up by the proton at theposition of the electron?

1. 5.120681011 N/C away from the proton

2. 5.12068 1011 N/C toward the proton

3. 8.19309 108 N/C away from the pro-ton

4. 8.19309 108 N/C toward the proton

5. 27.1396 N/C away from the proton

6. 27.1396 N/C toward the proton


Find the magnitude electric field at a pointmidway between two charges +30.0 109 Cand +60.0 109 C separated by a distanceof 30.0 cm.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.

Holt SF 17Rev 3923:07, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Part 1 of 2A 2 C point charge is on the x-axis at

x = 3 m , and a 5.7 C point charge is on thex-axis at x = 1 m .The Coulomb constant is 8.98755

109 Nm2/C2.Determine the magnitude of the net electric

field at the point on the y-axis where y = 2 m .

Part 2 of 2Determine the direction of this electric field(as an angle between 180 and 180 mea-sured from the positive x-axis, with counter-clockwise positive.)

Holt SF 17Rev 4323:07, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Part 1 of 2

READ AND DELETE: Comments by Ye-ung (21217). Solution code forgot to takeabsolute value. The second part of the prob-lem asks for the magnitude of the force on atest charge but the some of the answers werenegative.Consider three charges arranged as

shown. The Coulomb constant is8.99 109 N m2/C2.

-++

3 cm 2 cm

1.5 C6 C 2 C

What is the electric field strength at a point1 cm to the left of the middle charge?

Part 2 of 2What is the magnitude of the force on a 2 Ccharge placed at this point?


Part 1 of 4Consider three charges arranged in a trian-

gle as shown.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.

+

-

+

0.1 m

0.3 m

3.0 nC

5.0 nC

6.0 nC

y

x

What is the net electric force on the chargeat the origin?


Part 2 of 4What is the direction of this force (as an anglebetween 180 and +180 measured from thepositive x-axis, with counterclockwise posi-tive)?

Part 3 of 4What is the magnitude of the net electric fieldat the position of the charge at the origin?

Part 4 of 4What is the direction of the net electric field(as an angle between 180 and +180 mea-sured from the positive x-axis, with counter-clockwise positive).


Part 1 of 2Three positive charges are arranged as

shown.The Couloumb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.

+

+

+

0.20m

0.60 m

6.0 nC

3.0 nC

5.0 nC

Find the magnitude of the electric field atthe fourth corner of the rectangle.

Part 2 of 2What is the direction of this electric field (asan angle between 180 and 180 measuredfrom the positive x-axis, with counterclock-wise positive)?


Three identical charges (q = +5.0 C) arealong a circle with a radius of 2.0 m at angles

of 30.0, 150.0, and 270.0, as shown.The Coulomb constant is 8.99

109 N m2/C2.

q+

q+

q+

30.0150.0

270.0

What is the resultant electric field at thecenter?

1. 0.0561875 N/C at 90

2. 0 N/C

3. 0.0561875 N/C at 270

4. 22.475 N/C at 90

5. 22.475 N/C at 270

6. 0.112375 N/C at 90

7. 0.112375 N/C at 270

8. None of these

Holt SF 17Rev 6123:07, highSchool, multiple choice, > 1 min,normal.

In a laboratory experiment, five equal neg-ative point charges are placed symmetricallyaround the circumference of a circle of radiusr, with one at 0.Calculate the electric field at the center of

the circle. (Assume right and upward arepositive.)

1. kCq

r2at 0

2. 0 N/C


3. kCq

r2at 180

4. kC5q

r2at 180

5. kC(5q)2

r2at 0


7. None of these

Three Conducting Spheres23:07, highSchool, numeric, < 1 min, normal.

Consider three identical conducting spheresof radius 1 cm arranged in an equilateral tri-angle.

10cm

7 C 1 C

4 C

If the spheres are all connected by a thinwire, what is the final charge on the lowerleft-hand sphere?

Three Point Charges 1423:07, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

Three equal charges of 4 C are in the x-yplane. One is placed at the origin, another isplaced at (0.0, 30 cm), and the last is placedat (15 cm, 0.0). The Coulomb constant is9 109Nm2/C2 .Calculate the magnitude of the force on the

charge at the origin.

Chapter 23, section 8, Electric Field Due to a Point Charge 41

Hewitt CP9 22 E2423:08, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,normal.

Suppose that the strength of the electricfield about an isolated point charge has acertain value at a distance of 1 m.How will the electric field strength compare

at a distance of 2 m from the point charge?

1. At twice the distance the field strength

will be1

4of the original value.


will be1



will be1


4. At twice the distance the field strengthwill be the same.

5. At twice the distance the field strengthwill be twice the original value.

Point Charge 0223:08, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, normal.

The value of the E-field at a distance of 70 mfrom a point charge is 35 N/C. Its direction isradially in toward the charge. The Coulombconstant is 8.98755 109 N m2/C2.Find the magnitude and sign of the point

charge at the origin.

Chapter 23, section 12, Electric Field Due to a Continuous Charge Distribution 42

Concept 34 E3723:12, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Consider a fusion torch.If a star-hot flame is positioned between a

pair of large electrically charged plates (onepositive and the other negative) and materialsdumped into the flame are dissociated intobare nuclei and electrons, in which directionwill the nuclei move? In which direction willthe electrons move?

1. both toward the positive plate

2. toward the positive plate; toward the neg-ative plate

3. toward the negative plate; toward thepositive plate

4. both toward the negative plate


Air becomes a conductor when the electricfield strength exceeds 3.00 106 N/C.Determine the maximum amount of charge

that can be carried by a metal sphere 2.0 min radius. The value of the Coulomb constantis 8.99 109 N m2/C2 .

Chapter 23, section 13, Electric Field Lines 43

Field Dir by Insp 523:13, highSchool, multiple choice, < 1 min,fixed.

Given rectangular insulators with uni-formly charged distributions of equal mag-nitude as shown in the figure below, find thenet electric field at the origin.

x

y

++++++

++++++

In the figure above, at the origin, the netfield ~Enet is

1. aligned with the negative y-axis.

2. aligned with

Chap 23 64 Regular Physics

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Transcript of Chap 23 64 Regular Physics