Chap 006

Chapter 06Employee Fraud and the Audit of Cash

True / False Questions1.Independent auditors of financial statements and fraud examiners approach their work differently.TrueFalse

2.It is always good control to have the bookkeeper prepare a list of cash receipts and then have the bookkeeper record it immediately in the accounts.TrueFalse

3.Fidelity bonds are used to prevent embezzlement.TrueFalse

4.The use of confirmations for cash balances is still considered a generally accepted audit procedure.TrueFalse

5.It is not necessary to send confirmations on accounts that a company represents as closed during the year to get the bank to confirm zero balances.TrueFalse

6.The client should request the bank to send a cutoff bank statement directly to the auditor.TrueFalse

7.Fraud consists of unintentional misstatements or omissions in financial statements.TrueFalse

8.Fraud examiners are more interested in evaluating internal control weaknesses rather than strengths.TrueFalse

9.Psychotic motivation is characterized by the habitual criminal who steals for the sake of stealing.TrueFalse

10.Control systems enhance trust and reduce the bureaucracy of business.TrueFalse

11.The most effective long-run prevention of fraud lies in the practice of tight management controls over people.TrueFalse

12.The key to integrity in business is "accountability."TrueFalse

13.Employee fraud generally involves people at the top executive level.TrueFalse

14.An organization can prevent all fraud if its auditors are acquainted with some detection techniques.TrueFalse

15.The chain of custody is the crucial link of evidence to the fraud suspect.TrueFalse

16.Fraud awareness auditing includes "thinking like a crook" to imagine ways and means of stealing.TrueFalse

17.Employee fraud is an intentional act that injures investors or creditors by leading to materially misleading financial statements.TrueFalse

18.The company's bank reconciliation (audited by independent auditors) is the primary means of valuing cash in the financial statements.TrueFalse

19.One of the main requirements under GAAS relating to fraud in a financial statement audit is that auditors obtain evidence about the intent of the persons responsible for the fraud.TrueFalse

Multiple Choice Questions20.When auditing financial statements and finding indications of a possible misappropriation of assets, independent auditors should

A.Investigate fully to determine the total amount of the misappropriation.

B.Determine which accounts are affected and the amount by which they are overstated or understated.

C.Determine the methods by which the misappropriation was carried out.

D.Identify a person(s) who are likely responsible for the misappropriation and obtain evidence about some other fraud indications in their work.

E.All of the above.

21.When an employee embezzles company funds from an electric utility company for the purpose of paying expenses of an antinuclear protest organization, the fraudster's motive is said to be

A.Psychotic.

B.Egocentric.

C.Ideological.

D.Economic.

22.Which of the following management policies would increase the probability of fraud in a company?

A.Diversifying authority throughout divisions and subsidiaries in the organization.

B.Measuring performance and awarding bonuses based on short-term operating results.

C.Giving employees performance feedback that considers positive and constructive praise along with critical and negative observations on their work.

D.Establishing work teams that share responsibilities, performance, and bonuses based on collective efforts.

23.Which of the following is not considered one of the three factors increasing the probability of fraud?

A.Motive.

B.Lack of training.

C.Opportunity.

D.Rationalization.

24.Which of the following is ordinarily considered an extended procedure during the independent audit of financial statements?

A.Sending positive confirmations on recorded customer accounts receivable balances.

B.Performing physical observation and test count during the client's inventory taking.

C.Measuring the time lag between the date of recording cash receipts in the books to the date of the deposit credit in the bank.

D.Conducting interviews with the client's sales billing personnel to learn about sales recording control activities.

25.If an employee altered the amount of a check after it has cleared the bank, the change can be detected by

A.Comparing the amount written on the check face to the amount written in the cash disbursements journal.

B.Comparing the magnetic imprint of the amount paid to the amount written on the check face.

C.Examining the endorsement on the back of the check.

D.Comparing the check number on the face of the check to the check number in the cash disbursements journal.

26.Which of the following would be consistent with an employee taking cash receipts from customers on account?

A.The total of the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger balances is less than the accounts receivable control account.

B.The total of the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger balances is more than the accounts receivable control account.

C.Total cash receipts from customers for the month are less than credit sales for the month.

D.Total cash receipts from customers for the month are more than credit sales for the month.

27.An audit plan of substantive procedures for cash would not include

A.Requesting a cutoff bank statement be mailed to the client.

B.Requesting the client to prepare bank reconciliations.

C.Preparing a schedule of interbank transfers for a period of 10 business days before and after year-end date.

D.Obtaining a written client representation concerning compensating balance agreements.

28.In the audit of cash, the auditor obtains a bank cutoff statement primarily to

A.Identify old outstanding checks that the client may exclude from the year-end bank reconciliation in order to misappropriate cash.

B.Obtain sufficient information to reconcile the client's bank account as of year-end.

C.Obtain direct confirmation of the client's bank balances as of year-end.

D.Test the propriety of items appearing on the client's year-end bank reconciliation.

29.Auditors ordinarily send a standard confirmation request to all banks with which the client has done business during the year under audit, regardless of the year-end balances. A purpose of this procedure is to

A.Provide the data necessary to prepare a proof of cash.

B.Request that a cutoff bank statement and related checks be sent to the audit.

C.Detect questionable bank activities that may otherwise not be discovered.

D.Seek information about contingent liabilities and security agreements.

30.To gather evidence regarding the balance in a bank reconciliation, an auditor would examine all of the following except the

A.Cutoff bank statement.

B.General ledger.

C.Bank confirmation.

D.Year-end bank statement.

31.An entity with a large volume of customer remittances by mail could most likely reduce the risk of employee misappropriation of cash by using

A.Employee fidelity bonds.

B.Independently prepared mailroom prelists.

C.Daily check summaries.

D.A bank lockbox system.

32.Which of the following sets of information does an auditor usually confirm on one form?

A.Accounts payable and purchase commitments.

B.Cash in bank and collateral for loans.

C.Inventory on consignment and contingent liabilities.

D.Accounts receivable and accrued interest receivable.

33.An unrecorded check issued during the last week of the year would most likely be discovered by the auditor when the

A.Check register for the last month is reviewed.

B.Cutoff bank statement is reconciled.

C.Bank confirmation is reviewed.

D.Search for unrecorded liabilities is performed.

34.An auditor wishes to perform tests of controls on a client's cash disbursements procedures. If the control activities leave no audit trail of documentary evidence, the auditor most likely will test the activities by using

A.Confirmation and observation.

B.Observation and inquiry.

C.Analytical procedures and confirmation.

D.Inquiry and analytical procedures.

35.To provide assurance that each voucher is submitted and paid only once, an auditor most likely would examine a sample of paid vouchers and determine whether each voucher is

A.Supported by a vendor's invoice.

B.Stamped PAID by the check signer.

C.Prenumbered and accounted for.

D.Approved for authorized purchases.

36.In order for auditors to be able to recognize potential fraud, they must be aware of the basic characteristics of fraud. Which of the following is not a characteristic of fraud?

A.Intentional deception.

B.Taking unfair or dishonest advantage of other people.

C.Perpetration for the benefit or detriment of the organization.

D.Negligence on the part of executive management.

37.An auditor who discovers that client employees have committed an illegal act that has a material effect on the client's financial statements most likely would withdraw from the engagement if

A.The illegal act is a violation of generally accepted accounting principles.

B.The client does not take the remedial action that the auditor considers necessary.

C.The illegal act was committed during a prior year that was not audited.

D.The auditor has already assessed control risk at the maximum level.

38.An auditor would least likely initiate a discussion with a client's audit committee concerning

A.The methods used to account for significant unusual transactions.

B.The maximum dollar amount of misstatements that could exist without causing the financial statements to be materially misstated.

C.Indications of fraud and illegal acts committed by a corporate officer that were discovered by the auditor.

D.Disagreements with management as to accounting principles that were resolved during the current-year audit.

39.Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the elements of the fraud triangle?

A.Motive is a cause that pressures people into action.

B.Opportunity refers to a situation that allows someone with motive to carry out fraud.

C.A lack of integrity describes a person who does not stick to the social or organizational ethical code.

D.Fraud is most common when these three factors exist together.

E.All of the above statements are correct.

40.Narbona, CPA, is reviewing controls over cash received through a bank night depository. Which controls would she find most important?

A.Responsibilities are rotated for processing night depository receipts among employees of the various departments.

B.Dual control (joint custody) is established over the contents of the night depository box from the time of removal until initial recording is completed.

C.Vacations are required for all employees engaged in night depository activities.

D.All deposit tickets related to night deposits are numbered.

41.Your client is in the process of acquiring another company. You have been requested to verify that cash for the company being acquired is properly stated. The audit technique that will yield the most persuasive evidence is

A.Examination of the company's escrow account.

B.Interview with the company's treasurer and cash manager.

C.Preparation and review of standard bank confirmation inquiries.

D.Analytical computations comparing current cash in the bank with previous accounting periods.

42.A proof of cash

A.Is required by GAAS.

B.Can be used to test the transactions process.

C.Is most helpful when control risk for cash is low.

D.Always detects lapping.

43.When counting cash on hand the auditor must exercise simultaneous control over all cash and other negotiable assets to prevent

A.Theft.

B.Irregular endorsement.

C.Replacement or substitution of stolen assets.

D.Deposits in transit.

44.As payments are received, one mailroom employee is assigned the responsibility of prelisting receipts and preparing the deposit slip prior to forwarding the receipts, deposit slip, and remittance advices to accounts receivable for posting. Accounts receivable personnel refoot the deposit slip, stamp a restrictive endorsement on the back of each check, and then forward the receipts and deposit slip to the treasury department. Evaluate the internal control of the described process. Which of the following is a reasonable assessment of internal control in this process?

A.Adequate internal control.

B.Inadequate internal control because mailroom employees should not have access to cash.

C.Inadequate internal control because treasury employees should prepare the deposit slip.

D.Inadequate internal control because of a lack of separation of duties.

45.Which of the following should be performed by the persons opening the mail and recording payments?

A.Adding a restrictive endorsement on all checks.

B.Entering payment information into customer accounts.

C.Preparing the deposit slip and the delivery of the checks to the bank.

D.Segregating all payments made on accounts listed as past due.

46.At the end of each business day, Safe Company sends its bank a list of all checks written during the day, including the check number, payee, and amount. When a check is sent to the bank for payment, the bank compares the payee and the amount with the list provided by Safe Company. This system is called

A.Paychex.

B.Pay-as-you-go.

C.Positive pay.

D.Pay master.

47.Two people should open mail that includes payments. This control is called

A.Separation of duties.

B.Joint custody.

C.Anti-collusion.

D.Lapping.

48.Most fraud investigators utilize the fraud triangle theory. A new theory called the fraud diamond has been proposed. Which of the following is an element of the fraud diamond that is not an element of the fraud triangle?

A.Motive.

B.Opportunity.

C.Capability.

D.Liquidity.

49.When auditing with "fraud awareness," auditors should especially notice and follow up employee activities under which of these conditions?

A.The company always estimates the inventory but never takes a complete physical count.

B.The petty cash box is always locked in the desk of the custodian.

C.Management has published a company code of ethics and sends frequent communication newsletters about it.

D.The board of directors reviews and approves all investment transactions.

50.The best way to enact a broad fraud-prevention program is to

A.Install airtight control systems of checks and supervision.

B.Name an "ethics officer" who is responsible for receiving and acting on fraud tips.

C.Place dedicated hot line telephones on walls around the workplace with direct communication to the company ethics officer.

D.Practice management "of the people and for the people" to help them share personal and professional problems.

51.A good fraud prevention program should address employees' motivation to steal from the company. The best method for doing this is to

A.Establish employee assistance programs.

B.Require a fidelity bond on all employees.

C.Require reconciliations of all accounts to be reviewed by a supervisor.

D.Ensure that all accounts with high inherent risk of fraud are audited.

52.A code of ethics is an important element of a fraud prevention program. Which of the following would diminish the effectiveness of a company's code of conduct?

A.The establishment of a chief ethics officer.

B.The establishment of a hot line for reporting unethical behavior.

C.The violation of the code of ethics by senior management.

D.The posting of the code of ethics in the company workplace.

53.Which of the following is least indicative of fraudulent activity?

A.Numerous cash refunds have been made to different people at the same post office box address.

B.Internal auditors cannot locate several credit memos to support reductions of customers' balances.

C.Bank reconciliation has no outstanding checks or deposits older than 15 days.

D.Three people were absent the day the auditors handed out the paychecks and have not picked them up four weeks later.

54.Which of the following combinations is a good means to conceal employee fraud but an ineffective means of perpetrating management (financial reporting) fraud?

A.Overstating sales revenue and overstating customer accounts receivable balances.

B.Overstating sales revenue and overstating bad debt expense.

C.Understating interest expense and understating accrued interest payable.

D.Omitting the disclosure information about related-party sales to the president's relatives at below-market prices.

55.Allison Everhart, an employee in accounts payable, believes she can run a fictitious invoice through the accounts payable system and collect the money. She knows payments are subject to an audit. Which account would be the best place to hide the fraud?

A.Inventory.

B.Wage expense.

C.Consulting service expense.

D.Property tax expense.

56.Which of these arrangements of duties could most likely lead to an embezzlement or theft?

A.The inventory warehouse manager has responsibility for making the physical inventory observation and reconciling discrepancies to the perpetual inventory records.

B.The cashier prepared the bank deposit, endorsed the checks with a company stamp, and delivered the cash and checks to the bank for deposit (no other bookkeeping duties).

C.The accounts receivable clerk received a list of payments received by the cashier so he could make entries in the customers' accounts receivable subsidiary accounts.

D.The financial vice president received checks made out to suppliers and the supporting invoices, signed the checks, and mailed the checks.

57.Which of the following would the auditor consider to be an incompatible operation if the cashier receives remittances?

A.The cashier prepares the daily deposit.

B.The cashier makes the daily deposit at a local bank.

C.The cashier posts the receipts to the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger cards.

D.The cashier endorses the checks.

58.Which of the following is an effective audit procedure that an auditor might use to detect kiting between intercompany banks?

A.Review the composition of authenticated deposit slips.

B.Review subsequent bank statements.

C.Prepare a schedule of the bank transfers.

D.Prepare a year-end bank reconciliation.

59.Immediately upon receipt of cash, a responsible employee should

A.Record the amount in the cash receipts journal.

B.Prepare a remittance listing.

C.Update the subsidiary accounts receivable records.

D.Prepare a deposit slip in triplicate.

60.Each morning the controller gets the prior day's listing of remittances, a copy of the payment report, and a copy of the deposit slip returned from the bank. When comparing these items, the controller would be able to determine that

A.No checks were returned for insufficient funds.

B.The cash received and remittance advice received were maintained in a single batch.

C.The accounts receivable system has controls over unauthorized access.

D.The assistant controller does not also reconcile the subsidiary accounts payable.

61.Upon receipt of customers' checks in the mail room, a responsible employee should prepare a remittance list that is forwarded to the cashier. A copy of the listing should be sent to the

A.Internal auditor to investigate the list for unusual transactions.

B.Treasurer to compare the list with the monthly bank statement.

C.Accounts receivable bookkeeper to update the subsidiary accounts receivable records.

D.Entity's bank to compare the list with the cashier's deposit slip.

62.Cash receipts from sales on account have been misappropriated. Which of the following acts would conceal this defalcation and be least likely to be detected by an auditor?

A.Understating the sales journal.

B.Overstating the accounts receivable control account.

C.Overstating the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger.

D.Overstating the sales journal.

63.Embezzlement is a type of fraud that involves

A.An employee's misappropriating an employer's money or property not entrusted to him or her.

B.A manager's falsification of financial statements for the purpose of misleading investors and creditors.

C.An employee's mistaken representation of opinion that causes incorrect accounting entries.

D.An employee misappropriating an employer's money or property entrusted to the employee's control in the employee's normal job.

64.Which of the following control activities would best protect against the preparation of improper or inaccurate cash disbursements?

A.All checks must be signed by an officer designated by the board of directors.

B.All signed checks must be reviewed and compared with supporting documentation by the treasurer before mailing.

C.All checks must be sequentially numbered and accounted for by internal auditors.

D.All checks must be perforated or otherwise effectively canceled when they are returned with the bank statement.

65.During an audit of cash, the auditor is most concerned with the management assertion of

A.Existence.

B.Rights and obligations.

C.Valuation or allocation.

D.Occurrence.

66.In preparing for the audit of cash, the auditors perform analytical procedures concerning cash balances. Which of the following would be the best source of information for use in the estimate of cash?

A.Prior-years' balances.

B.Management inquiry.

C.Cash budgets.

D.Aged accounts receivable reports.

67.Which of the following control activities could prevent a paid disbursement voucher from being presented for payment a second time?

A.Vouchers should be prepared by individuals who are responsible for signing disbursement checks.

B.Disbursement vouchers should be approved by at least two responsible management officials.

C.The date on a disbursement voucher should be within a few days of the date the voucher is presented for payment.

D.The official signing the check should compare the check with the voucher and should stamp "paid" on the voucher documents.

68.The phases of employee fraud do not include the

A.Conversion of money to fraudster's use.

B.Prosecution.

C.Fraudulent act.

D.Cover-up.

69.An internal control questionnaire for evaluating the completeness objective of cash receipts would not include which of the following questions?

A.Does the person who opens the mail make a list of cash received?

B.Are prenumbered sales invoices or receipt books used?

C.Are current receipts controlled by mechanical devices?

D.Does a responsible person approve discounts taken by customers with payments on account?

70.The characteristics of people who commit the largest frauds would not include

A.Hold middle management positions.

B.Have power to override controls.

C.Have long tenure with organization.

D.Have access to large amounts of money.

71.The auditors' information source for vouching the bank reconciliation items is the

A.Standard bank confirmation.

B.Bank statement at audit date.

C.Cutoff bank statement.

D.Accounting journal at year end.

72.The probability of fraud is not a function of

A.Motive.

B.Opportunity.

C.Lack of integrity.

D.Predication.

73.The assertions by management regarding the cash accounts in the financial statements include all of the following except

A.Cash in all accounts exists in the name of the company.

B.Proper internal control activities exist for all cash accounts.

C.Cash balance properly reflects all cash on hand, in transit, or on deposit with third parties.

D.All restrictions on the use of cash are disclosed.

74.A practice that would not encourage fraud would include

A.Centralizing authority in top management.

B.Considering people pressure in the work place.

C.Making profits the only criterion for success.

D.Insisting that everything be documented with a rule for everything.

75.Which question would not be appropriate when asking questions of personnel during a regular audit?

A.Do you think fraud is a problem for business in general?

B.Do you think this company has any particular problem with fraud?

C.In your department, who has the potential for committing fraud?

D.Is there any information you would like to furnish regarding possible fraud within this organization?

76.The standard format for the audit approach to fraud cases would not include

A.Audit of balance.

B.Test of controls.

C.Paper trail.

D.Discovery summary.

77.Information about criminal rackets and cons and their operations and the reputations of local businesses can be found at the

A.Police and Drug Enforcement Agency.

B.Standard & Poor Registers.

C.Securities and Exchange Commission.

D.Better Business Bureau.

Fill in the Blank Questions78.___________________________ is the use of fraudulent means to take money or other property from an employer.________________________________________

79.Another name for employee fraud and embezzlement is _________________________.________________________________________

80.The three components of the fraud triangle are ____________________________, ____________________________, and ____________________________.________________________________________

81.A common feature of cash management is to require that persons who handle cash be bonded under a(n) ________________________________________.________________________________________

82.Fraud examinations should begin only after sufficient _____________________________ leads to the belief that a fraud has occurred.________________________________________

83.The three necessary elements to commit fraud are the ____________________________, ____________________________, and ____________________________.________________________________________

84.__________________________________ is a reconciliation in which the bank balance, the bank report of cash deposited, and the bank report of cash paid are all reconciled to the client's general ledger.________________________________________

85.Dual direction testing involves samples selected to obtain evidence about control over _____________________________ in one direction and control over _____________________________ in the other direction.________________________________________

86.Someone who steals from an organization to support a political agenda is said to have a(n) ____________________ motivation.________________________________________

87.A set of telltale signs of erroneous accounting, missing or altered documents, or a "dangling debt" is referred to as a _____________________________.________________________________________

88.Simple theft of money or goods not entrusted to an individual is referred to as ____________________________.________________________________________

89.A _____________________________ is some pressure experienced by a person who believes that it can't be shared with friends and confidants.________________________________________

90.An organization whose only control is "__________________________________________ " really has no control.________________________________________

91.Observation of persons'_____________________________ in _____________________________ and _____________________________ may be red flags of employee fraud.________________________________________

92.The nature of extended procedures is limited only by a(n) ________________________________.________________________________________

93.Auditors ______________________ perform the company's control function of _____________________________ the bank reconciliation.________________________________________

94.Auditors use a(n) ______________________________________ to obtain independent evidence of the proper listing of outstanding checks and deposits in transit on a bank reconciliation.________________________________________

95.The term _____________________________ refers to the application of accounting and auditing skills to civil and criminal problems.________________________________________

Short Answer Questions96.Auditors are auditing the cash receipts for Great Wall Corporation. For each audit procedure performed (numbered 1-5), select the control objective being tested by placing the correct letter in the blank.

A. ExistenceB. CompletenessC. AuthorizationD. AccuracyE. ClassificationF. Accounting and postingG. Proper period

______ 1. For a sample of recorded cash receipts, the auditors compared the date of receipt to the recording date.______ 2. The auditors traced a sample of daily cash reports to the cash receipts journal.______ 3. The auditors vouched a sample of recorded cash receipts to the deposits in the bank statement.______ 4. The auditors recalculate the cash listed on the daily deposit for a sample of recorded cash receipts.______ 5. The auditors traced a sample of recorded cash receipts to postings in the correct customers' accounts.

97.For each of the descriptions in Column A, match the correct word or words from Column B.

Essay Questions98.When you examine canceled checks returned in the bank statement by a client's bank, how could you tell whether the amount on a check had been skillfully increased (perhaps from $75.00 to $7,500 in the amount box, and altered in the written line from "Seventy-five dollars" to "Seventy-five hundred dollars") after the check was cleared by the bank? (An employee might do this to "support" a $7,500 cash disbursement journal entry.)

99.After checks are signed for vendor invoices, why should vouchers be marked PAID or otherwise mutilated?

100.List and briefly describe the three factors that increase the probability of fraud.

101.What kind of error or fraud could happen if the inventory warehouse manager also had responsibility for making the physical inventory count and reconciling discrepancies to the perpetual inventory records?

102.Describe how a lockbox works and indicate the advantages of such a system

103.Ed's wife Diane owns a printing business in town. Ed works in the accounts payable department of Jiffy Abs Vitamin Company. Diane prints invoices for work supposedly done for Jiffy Abs (no actual work was performed), and Ed places the invoice in the invoice pile approved for payment. Jiffy Abs pays these invoices and sends Diane a check.

a. Name two internal controls that might prevent or detect these fraudulent payments.b. Name two audit procedures that might detect this fraud

104.Micro Chip Corporation (MCC) has a special post office box to which customers send their payments. Chris is responsible for:

Going to the post office every day. Emptying the post office box and removing the mail. Opening the mail. Making a prelist. Sending the remittance advices to accounts receivable. Sending the checks to the cashier's office.

Chris has opened a business account for Master Cleaning Company (MCC) at the bank. Several of Micro Chips checks are made out with only the initials MCC. Chris selects certain checks made out only with the initials MCC and deposits them in the business account and then destroys the remittance advice.

a. Name two controls that would prevent or detect this fraud.b. Name two audit procedures that might detect this fraud.

Chapter 06 Employee Fraud and the Audit of Cash Answer Key

True / False Questions1.Independent auditors of financial statements and fraud examiners approach their work differently.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: IndustryAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Topic: Employee Fraud

2.It is always good control to have the bookkeeper prepare a list of cash receipts and then have the bookkeeper record it immediately in the accounts.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: IndustryAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Topic: The Audit of Cash-Control Activities

3.Fidelity bonds are used to prevent embezzlement.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


4.The use of confirmations for cash balances is still considered a generally accepted audit procedure.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: IndustryAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Topic: The Audit of Cash-Substantive Procedures

5.It is not necessary to send confirmations on accounts that a company represents as closed during the year to get the bank to confirm zero balances.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


6.The client should request the bank to send a cutoff bank statement directly to the auditor.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


7.Fraud consists of unintentional misstatements or omissions in financial statements.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


8.Fraud examiners are more interested in evaluating internal control weaknesses rather than strengths.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


9.Psychotic motivation is characterized by the habitual criminal who steals for the sake of stealing.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: IndustryAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Topic: The Fraud Triangle

10.Control systems enhance trust and reduce the bureaucracy of business.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


11.The most effective long-run prevention of fraud lies in the practice of tight management controls over people.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: IndustryAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-03 Describe techniques that can be used to prevent employee fraud.Topic: Fraud Prevention

12.The key to integrity in business is "accountability."TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


13.Employee fraud generally involves people at the top executive level.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


14.An organization can prevent all fraud if its auditors are acquainted with some detection techniques.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


15.The chain of custody is the crucial link of evidence to the fraud suspect.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


16.Fraud awareness auditing includes "thinking like a crook" to imagine ways and means of stealing.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


17.Employee fraud is an intentional act that injures investors or creditors by leading to materially misleading financial statements.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


18.The company's bank reconciliation (audited by independent auditors) is the primary means of valuing cash in the financial statements.TRUEReference: Question also found in study guide


19.One of the main requirements under GAAS relating to fraud in a financial statement audit is that auditors obtain evidence about the intent of the persons responsible for the fraud.FALSEReference: Question also found in study guide


Multiple Choice Questions20.When auditing financial statements and finding indications of a possible misappropriation of assets, independent auditors should

A.Investigate fully to determine the total amount of the misappropriation.

B.Determine which accounts are affected and the amount by which they are overstated or understated.

C.Determine the methods by which the misappropriation was carried out.

D.Identify a person(s) who are likely responsible for the misappropriation and obtain evidence about some other fraud indications in their work.

E.All of the above.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

21.When an employee embezzles company funds from an electric utility company for the purpose of paying expenses of an antinuclear protest organization, the fraudster's motive is said to be

A.Psychotic.

B.Egocentric.

C.Ideological.

D.Economic.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

22.Which of the following management policies would increase the probability of fraud in a company?

A.Diversifying authority throughout divisions and subsidiaries in the organization.

B.Measuring performance and awarding bonuses based on short-term operating results.

C.Giving employees performance feedback that considers positive and constructive praise along with critical and negative observations on their work.

D.Establishing work teams that share responsibilities, performance, and bonuses based on collective efforts.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-03 Describe techniques that can be used to prevent employee fraud.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Prevention

23.Which of the following is not considered one of the three factors increasing the probability of fraud?

A.Motive.

B.Lack of training.

C.Opportunity.

D.Rationalization.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

24.Which of the following is ordinarily considered an extended procedure during the independent audit of financial statements?

A.Sending positive confirmations on recorded customer accounts receivable balances.

B.Performing physical observation and test count during the client's inventory taking.

C.Measuring the time lag between the date of recording cash receipts in the books to the date of the deposit credit in the bank.

D.Conducting interviews with the client's sales billing personnel to learn about sales recording control activities.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Resource ManagementAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

25.If an employee altered the amount of a check after it has cleared the bank, the change can be detected by

A.Comparing the amount written on the check face to the amount written in the cash disbursements journal.

B.Comparing the magnetic imprint of the amount paid to the amount written on the check face.

C.Examining the endorsement on the back of the check.

D.Comparing the check number on the face of the check to the check number in the cash disbursements journal.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

26.Which of the following would be consistent with an employee taking cash receipts from customers on account?

A.The total of the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger balances is less than the accounts receivable control account.

B.The total of the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger balances is more than the accounts receivable control account.

C.Total cash receipts from customers for the month are less than credit sales for the month.

D.Total cash receipts from customers for the month are more than credit sales for the month.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

27.An audit plan of substantive procedures for cash would not include

A.Requesting a cutoff bank statement be mailed to the client.

B.Requesting the client to prepare bank reconciliations.

C.Preparing a schedule of interbank transfers for a period of 10 business days before and after year-end date.

D.Obtaining a written client representation concerning compensating balance agreements.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

28.In the audit of cash, the auditor obtains a bank cutoff statement primarily to

A.Identify old outstanding checks that the client may exclude from the year-end bank reconciliation in order to misappropriate cash.

B.Obtain sufficient information to reconcile the client's bank account as of year-end.

C.Obtain direct confirmation of the client's bank balances as of year-end.

D.Test the propriety of items appearing on the client's year-end bank reconciliation.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

29.Auditors ordinarily send a standard confirmation request to all banks with which the client has done business during the year under audit, regardless of the year-end balances. A purpose of this procedure is to

A.Provide the data necessary to prepare a proof of cash.

B.Request that a cutoff bank statement and related checks be sent to the audit.

C.Detect questionable bank activities that may otherwise not be discovered.

D.Seek information about contingent liabilities and security agreements.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

30.To gather evidence regarding the balance in a bank reconciliation, an auditor would examine all of the following except the

A.Cutoff bank statement.

B.General ledger.

C.Bank confirmation.

D.Year-end bank statement.


31.An entity with a large volume of customer remittances by mail could most likely reduce the risk of employee misappropriation of cash by using

A.Employee fidelity bonds.

B.Independently prepared mailroom prelists.

C.Daily check summaries.

D.A bank lockbox system.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

32.Which of the following sets of information does an auditor usually confirm on one form?

A.Accounts payable and purchase commitments.

B.Cash in bank and collateral for loans.

C.Inventory on consignment and contingent liabilities.

D.Accounts receivable and accrued interest receivable.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Substantive Procedures

33.An unrecorded check issued during the last week of the year would most likely be discovered by the auditor when the

A.Check register for the last month is reviewed.

B.Cutoff bank statement is reconciled.

C.Bank confirmation is reviewed.

D.Search for unrecorded liabilities is performed.


34.An auditor wishes to perform tests of controls on a client's cash disbursements procedures. If the control activities leave no audit trail of documentary evidence, the auditor most likely will test the activities by using

A.Confirmation and observation.

B.Observation and inquiry.

C.Analytical procedures and confirmation.

D.Inquiry and analytical procedures.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

35.To provide assurance that each voucher is submitted and paid only once, an auditor most likely would examine a sample of paid vouchers and determine whether each voucher is

A.Supported by a vendor's invoice.

B.Stamped PAID by the check signer.

C.Prenumbered and accounted for.

D.Approved for authorized purchases.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

36.In order for auditors to be able to recognize potential fraud, they must be aware of the basic characteristics of fraud. Which of the following is not a characteristic of fraud?

A.Intentional deception.

B.Taking unfair or dishonest advantage of other people.

C.Perpetration for the benefit or detriment of the organization.

D.Negligence on the part of executive management.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

37.An auditor who discovers that client employees have committed an illegal act that has a material effect on the client's financial statements most likely would withdraw from the engagement if

A.The illegal act is a violation of generally accepted accounting principles.

B.The client does not take the remedial action that the auditor considers necessary.

C.The illegal act was committed during a prior year that was not audited.

D.The auditor has already assessed control risk at the maximum level.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: AICPATopic: Employee Fraud Types

38.An auditor would least likely initiate a discussion with a client's audit committee concerning

A.The methods used to account for significant unusual transactions.

B.The maximum dollar amount of misstatements that could exist without causing the financial statements to be materially misstated.

C.Indications of fraud and illegal acts committed by a corporate officer that were discovered by the auditor.

D.Disagreements with management as to accounting principles that were resolved during the current-year audit.

AACSB: CommunicationAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ReportingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-03 Describe techniques that can be used to prevent employee fraud.Source: AICPATopic: Fraud Prevention

39.Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the elements of the fraud triangle?

A.Motive is a cause that pressures people into action.

B.Opportunity refers to a situation that allows someone with motive to carry out fraud.

C.A lack of integrity describes a person who does not stick to the social or organizational ethical code.

D.Fraud is most common when these three factors exist together.

E.All of the above statements are correct.

AACSB: EthicsAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

40.Narbona, CPA, is reviewing controls over cash received through a bank night depository. Which controls would she find most important?

A.Responsibilities are rotated for processing night depository receipts among employees of the various departments.

B.Dual control (joint custody) is established over the contents of the night depository box from the time of removal until initial recording is completed.

C.Vacations are required for all employees engaged in night depository activities.

D.All deposit tickets related to night deposits are numbered.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

41.Your client is in the process of acquiring another company. You have been requested to verify that cash for the company being acquired is properly stated. The audit technique that will yield the most persuasive evidence is

A.Examination of the company's escrow account.

B.Interview with the company's treasurer and cash manager.

C.Preparation and review of standard bank confirmation inquiries.

D.Analytical computations comparing current cash in the bank with previous accounting periods.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Decision MakingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

42.A proof of cash

A.Is required by GAAS.

B.Can be used to test the transactions process.

C.Is most helpful when control risk for cash is low.

D.Always detects lapping.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

43.When counting cash on hand the auditor must exercise simultaneous control over all cash and other negotiable assets to prevent

A.Theft.

B.Irregular endorsement.

C.Replacement or substitution of stolen assets.

D.Deposits in transit.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

44.As payments are received, one mailroom employee is assigned the responsibility of prelisting receipts and preparing the deposit slip prior to forwarding the receipts, deposit slip, and remittance advices to accounts receivable for posting. Accounts receivable personnel refoot the deposit slip, stamp a restrictive endorsement on the back of each check, and then forward the receipts and deposit slip to the treasury department. Evaluate the internal control of the described process. Which of the following is a reasonable assessment of internal control in this process?

A.Adequate internal control.

B.Inadequate internal control because mailroom employees should not have access to cash.

C.Inadequate internal control because treasury employees should prepare the deposit slip.

D.Inadequate internal control because of a lack of separation of duties.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

45.Which of the following should be performed by the persons opening the mail and recording payments?

A.Adding a restrictive endorsement on all checks.

B.Entering payment information into customer accounts.

C.Preparing the deposit slip and the delivery of the checks to the bank.

D.Segregating all payments made on accounts listed as past due.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

46.At the end of each business day, Safe Company sends its bank a list of all checks written during the day, including the check number, payee, and amount. When a check is sent to the bank for payment, the bank compares the payee and the amount with the list provided by Safe Company. This system is called

A.Paychex.

B.Pay-as-you-go.

C.Positive pay.

D.Pay master.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

47.Two people should open mail that includes payments. This control is called

A.Separation of duties.

B.Joint custody.

C.Anti-collusion.

D.Lapping.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

48.Most fraud investigators utilize the fraud triangle theory. A new theory called the fraud diamond has been proposed. Which of the following is an element of the fraud diamond that is not an element of the fraud triangle?

A.Motive.

B.Opportunity.

C.Capability.

D.Liquidity.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

49.When auditing with "fraud awareness," auditors should especially notice and follow up employee activities under which of these conditions?

A.The company always estimates the inventory but never takes a complete physical count.

B.The petty cash box is always locked in the desk of the custodian.

C.Management has published a company code of ethics and sends frequent communication newsletters about it.

D.The board of directors reviews and approves all investment transactions.

Reference: Question also found in textbook

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

50.The best way to enact a broad fraud-prevention program is to

A.Install airtight control systems of checks and supervision.

B.Name an "ethics officer" who is responsible for receiving and acting on fraud tips.

C.Place dedicated hot line telephones on walls around the workplace with direct communication to the company ethics officer.

D.Practice management "of the people and for the people" to help them share personal and professional problems.



51.A good fraud prevention program should address employees' motivation to steal from the company. The best method for doing this is to

A.Establish employee assistance programs.

B.Require a fidelity bond on all employees.

C.Require reconciliations of all accounts to be reviewed by a supervisor.

D.Ensure that all accounts with high inherent risk of fraud are audited.



52.A code of ethics is an important element of a fraud prevention program. Which of the following would diminish the effectiveness of a company's code of conduct?

A.The establishment of a chief ethics officer.

B.The establishment of a hot line for reporting unethical behavior.

C.The violation of the code of ethics by senior management.

D.The posting of the code of ethics in the company workplace.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-03 Describe techniques that can be used to prevent employee fraud.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Prevention

53.Which of the following is least indicative of fraudulent activity?

A.Numerous cash refunds have been made to different people at the same post office box address.

B.Internal auditors cannot locate several credit memos to support reductions of customers' balances.

C.Bank reconciliation has no outstanding checks or deposits older than 15 days.

D.Three people were absent the day the auditors handed out the paychecks and have not picked them up four weeks later.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-06 Discuss actual cash fraud cases and describe how the schemes were uncovered.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Schemes

54.Which of the following combinations is a good means to conceal employee fraud but an ineffective means of perpetrating management (financial reporting) fraud?

A.Overstating sales revenue and overstating customer accounts receivable balances.

B.Overstating sales revenue and overstating bad debt expense.

C.Understating interest expense and understating accrued interest payable.

D.Omitting the disclosure information about related-party sales to the president's relatives at below-market prices.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-06 Discuss actual cash fraud cases and describe how the schemes were uncovered.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Schemes

55.Allison Everhart, an employee in accounts payable, believes she can run a fictitious invoice through the accounts payable system and collect the money. She knows payments are subject to an audit. Which account would be the best place to hide the fraud?

A.Inventory.

B.Wage expense.

C.Consulting service expense.

D.Property tax expense.



56.Which of these arrangements of duties could most likely lead to an embezzlement or theft?

A.The inventory warehouse manager has responsibility for making the physical inventory observation and reconciling discrepancies to the perpetual inventory records.

B.The cashier prepared the bank deposit, endorsed the checks with a company stamp, and delivered the cash and checks to the bank for deposit (no other bookkeeping duties).

C.The accounts receivable clerk received a list of payments received by the cashier so he could make entries in the customers' accounts receivable subsidiary accounts.

D.The financial vice president received checks made out to suppliers and the supporting invoices, signed the checks, and mailed the checks.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

57.Which of the following would the auditor consider to be an incompatible operation if the cashier receives remittances?

A.The cashier prepares the daily deposit.

B.The cashier makes the daily deposit at a local bank.

C.The cashier posts the receipts to the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger cards.

D.The cashier endorses the checks.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

58.Which of the following is an effective audit procedure that an auditor might use to detect kiting between intercompany banks?

A.Review the composition of authenticated deposit slips.

B.Review subsequent bank statements.

C.Prepare a schedule of the bank transfers.

D.Prepare a year-end bank reconciliation.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

59.Immediately upon receipt of cash, a responsible employee should

A.Record the amount in the cash receipts journal.

B.Prepare a remittance listing.

C.Update the subsidiary accounts receivable records.

D.Prepare a deposit slip in triplicate.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

60.Each morning the controller gets the prior day's listing of remittances, a copy of the payment report, and a copy of the deposit slip returned from the bank. When comparing these items, the controller would be able to determine that

A.No checks were returned for insufficient funds.

B.The cash received and remittance advice received were maintained in a single batch.

C.The accounts receivable system has controls over unauthorized access.

D.The assistant controller does not also reconcile the subsidiary accounts payable.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

61.Upon receipt of customers' checks in the mail room, a responsible employee should prepare a remittance list that is forwarded to the cashier. A copy of the listing should be sent to the

A.Internal auditor to investigate the list for unusual transactions.

B.Treasurer to compare the list with the monthly bank statement.

C.Accounts receivable bookkeeper to update the subsidiary accounts receivable records.

D.Entity's bank to compare the list with the cashier's deposit slip.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: AICPATopic: Internal Controls

62.Cash receipts from sales on account have been misappropriated. Which of the following acts would conceal this defalcation and be least likely to be detected by an auditor?

A.Understating the sales journal.

B.Overstating the accounts receivable control account.

C.Overstating the accounts receivable subsidiary ledger.

D.Overstating the sales journal.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-06 Discuss actual cash fraud cases and describe how the schemes were uncovered.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Schemes

63.Embezzlement is a type of fraud that involves

A.An employee's misappropriating an employer's money or property not entrusted to him or her.

B.A manager's falsification of financial statements for the purpose of misleading investors and creditors.

C.An employee's mistaken representation of opinion that causes incorrect accounting entries.

D.An employee misappropriating an employer's money or property entrusted to the employee's control in the employee's normal job.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

64.Which of the following control activities would best protect against the preparation of improper or inaccurate cash disbursements?

A.All checks must be signed by an officer designated by the board of directors.

B.All signed checks must be reviewed and compared with supporting documentation by the treasurer before mailing.

C.All checks must be sequentially numbered and accounted for by internal auditors.

D.All checks must be perforated or otherwise effectively canceled when they are returned with the bank statement.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

65.During an audit of cash, the auditor is most concerned with the management assertion of

A.Existence.

B.Rights and obligations.

C.Valuation or allocation.

D.Occurrence.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

66.In preparing for the audit of cash, the auditors perform analytical procedures concerning cash balances. Which of the following would be the best source of information for use in the estimate of cash?

A.Prior-years' balances.

B.Management inquiry.

C.Cash budgets.

D.Aged accounts receivable reports.



67.Which of the following control activities could prevent a paid disbursement voucher from being presented for payment a second time?

A.Vouchers should be prepared by individuals who are responsible for signing disbursement checks.

B.Disbursement vouchers should be approved by at least two responsible management officials.

C.The date on a disbursement voucher should be within a few days of the date the voucher is presented for payment.

D.The official signing the check should compare the check with the voucher and should stamp "paid" on the voucher documents.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

68.The phases of employee fraud do not include the

A.Conversion of money to fraudster's use.

B.Prosecution.

C.Fraudulent act.

D.Cover-up.

Reference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

69.An internal control questionnaire for evaluating the completeness objective of cash receipts would not include which of the following questions?

A.Does the person who opens the mail make a list of cash received?

B.Are prenumbered sales invoices or receipt books used?

C.Are current receipts controlled by mechanical devices?

D.Does a responsible person approve discounts taken by customers with payments on account?


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

70.The characteristics of people who commit the largest frauds would not include

A.Hold middle management positions.

B.Have power to override controls.

C.Have long tenure with organization.

D.Have access to large amounts of money.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

71.The auditors' information source for vouching the bank reconciliation items is the

A.Standard bank confirmation.

B.Bank statement at audit date.

C.Cutoff bank statement.

D.Accounting journal at year end.



72.The probability of fraud is not a function of

A.Motive.

B.Opportunity.

C.Lack of integrity.

D.Predication.



73.The assertions by management regarding the cash accounts in the financial statements include all of the following except

A.Cash in all accounts exists in the name of the company.

B.Proper internal control activities exist for all cash accounts.

C.Cash balance properly reflects all cash on hand, in transit, or on deposit with third parties.

D.All restrictions on the use of cash are disclosed.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-05 Describe the types of substantive procedures that are conducted during the audit of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Substantive Procedures

74.A practice that would not encourage fraud would include

A.Centralizing authority in top management.

B.Considering people pressure in the work place.

C.Making profits the only criterion for success.

D.Insisting that everything be documented with a rule for everything.



75.Which question would not be appropriate when asking questions of personnel during a regular audit?

A.Do you think fraud is a problem for business in general?

B.Do you think this company has any particular problem with fraud?

C.In your department, who has the potential for committing fraud?

D.Is there any information you would like to furnish regarding possible fraud within this organization?


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

76.The standard format for the audit approach to fraud cases would not include

A.Audit of balance.

B.Test of controls.

C.Paper trail.

D.Discovery summary.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

77.Information about criminal rackets and cons and their operations and the reputations of local businesses can be found at the

A.Police and Drug Enforcement Agency.

B.Standard & Poor Registers.

C.Securities and Exchange Commission.

D.Better Business Bureau.


AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 1 EasyLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Source: OriginalTopic: Employee Fraud Types

Fill in the Blank Questions78.___________________________ is the use of fraudulent means to take money or other property from an employer.Employee fraudReference: Question also found in study guide

79.Another name for employee fraud and embezzlement is _________________________.defalcationReference: Question also found in study guide

80.The three components of the fraud triangle are ____________________________, ____________________________, and ____________________________.motive; opportunity; rationalizationReference: Question also found in study guide

81.A common feature of cash management is to require that persons who handle cash be bonded under a(n) ________________________________________.fidelity bondReference: Question also found in study guide

82.Fraud examinations should begin only after sufficient _____________________________ leads to the belief that a fraud has occurred.predicationReference: Question also found in study guide

83.The three necessary elements to commit fraud are the ____________________________, ____________________________, and ____________________________.fraud; conversion; cover-upReference: Question also found in study guide

84.__________________________________ is a reconciliation in which the bank balance, the bank report of cash deposited, and the bank report of cash paid are all reconciled to the client's general ledger.Proof of cashReference: Question also found in study guide

85.Dual direction testing involves samples selected to obtain evidence about control over _____________________________ in one direction and control over _____________________________ in the other direction.completeness; validityReference: Question also found in study guide

86.Someone who steals from an organization to support a political agenda is said to have a(n) ____________________ motivation.ideologicalReference: Question also found in study guide

87.A set of telltale signs of erroneous accounting, missing or altered documents, or a "dangling debt" is referred to as a _____________________________.paper trailReference: Question also found in study guide

88.Simple theft of money or goods not entrusted to an individual is referred to as ____________________________.larcenyReference: Question also found in study guide

89.A _____________________________ is some pressure experienced by a person who believes that it can't be shared with friends and confidants.motiveReference: Question also found in study guide

90.An organization whose only control is "__________________________________________ " really has no control.trustworthy employeesReference: Question also found in study guide

91.Observation of persons'_____________________________ in _____________________________ and _____________________________ may be red flags of employee fraud.changes; habits; lifestylesReference: Question also found in study guide

92.The nature of extended procedures is limited only by a(n) ________________________________.auditor's imaginationReference: Question also found in study guide

93.Auditors ______________________ perform the company's control function of _____________________________ the bank reconciliation.should not; preparingReference: Question also found in study guide

94.Auditors use a(n) ______________________________________ to obtain independent evidence of the proper listing of outstanding checks and deposits in transit on a bank reconciliation.cutoff bank statementReference: Question also found in study guide

95.The term _____________________________ refers to the application of accounting and auditing skills to civil and criminal problems.forensic accountingReference: Question also found in study guide

Short Answer Questions96.Auditors are auditing the cash receipts for Great Wall Corporation. For each audit procedure performed (numbered 1-5), select the control objective being tested by placing the correct letter in the blank.

A. ExistenceB. CompletenessC. AuthorizationD. AccuracyE. ClassificationF. Accounting and postingG. Proper period

______ 1. For a sample of recorded cash receipts, the auditors compared the date of receipt to the recording date.______ 2. The auditors traced a sample of daily cash reports to the cash receipts journal.______ 3. The auditors vouched a sample of recorded cash receipts to the deposits in the bank statement.______ 4. The auditors recalculate the cash listed on the daily deposit for a sample of recorded cash receipts.______ 5. The auditors traced a sample of recorded cash receipts to postings in the correct customers' accounts.

1. G; 2. B; 3. A; 4. D; 5. F

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

97.For each of the descriptions in Column A, match the correct word or words from Column B.

1. E; 2. L; 3. O; 4. G; 5. I; 6. N; 7. H; 8. J; 9. K; 10. D

Feedback: Reference: Question also found in study guide

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-01 Define and explain the differences among several kinds of employee fraud that might occur at an audit client.Learning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Learning Objective: 06-03 Describe techniques that can be used to prevent employee fraud.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Terminology

Essay Questions98.When you examine canceled checks returned in the bank statement by a client's bank, how could you tell whether the amount on a check had been skillfully increased (perhaps from $75.00 to $7,500 in the amount box, and altered in the written line from "Seventy-five dollars" to "Seventy-five hundred dollars") after the check was cleared by the bank? (An employee might do this to "support" a $7,500 cash disbursement journal entry.)

The bank imprints the check with the amount paid by the bank (magnetic print in the lower right corner). It will be 00007500, meaning $75.00.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 3 HardLearning Objective: 06-07 Describe some extended procedures for detecting employee fraud schemes involving cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Extended Fraud Procedures

99.After checks are signed for vendor invoices, why should vouchers be marked PAID or otherwise mutilated?

To show they have been processed so they cannot be paid again.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-04 Describe the control activities over the receipt and disbursement of cash.Source: OriginalTopic: Internal Controls

100.List and briefly describe the three factors that increase the probability of fraud.

Motive, opportunity, and lack of integrity are the three factors that increase the probability of fraud. Motive is a cause that pressures people into action. Economic motives are common in business fraud. Opportunity refers to a situation that allows someone with motive to carry out fraud. An example would be a lack or lapse of a specific control or controls in an organization. A lack of integrity describes a person who does not adhere to the social or organizational ethical code. The person may rationalize the actions to defend such a lack of integrity. Fraud is most common when these three factors exist together.


101.What kind of error or fraud could happen if the inventory warehouse manager also had responsibility for making the physical inventory count and reconciling discrepancies to the perpetual inventory records?

The inventory manager could

a. Commit an inadvertent error of miscounting and adjust the error into the accounts and inventory records.b. Steal inventory and adjust the inventory records permanently to cover up the theft.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: Critical ThinkingAICPA FN: Risk AnalysisBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 06-02 Identify and explain the three conditions (i.e.; the fraud triangle) that often exist when a fraud occurs.Source: OriginalTopic: Fraud Triangle

102.Describe how a lockbox works and indicate the advantages of such a system

A lockbox is box that locks, such as ones at a post office under the control of a bank. The bank sends employees to retrieve checks from the box and then deposits them in the company's account. The bank provides a list of deposits and the remittance advices to the company. The bank may also provide images of the checks (if the company is willing to pay for these additional services).

The two main advantages to this system are that

a. Checks are retrieved by the bank and never enter the company. Therefore, the risk that checks will be misplaced or end up in the hands of the wrong individuals is eliminated. Separation of duties also becomes easier because the custody of the asset is no longer a possibility for record keepers or authorizers.b. The money is placed immediately into the bank, allowing immediate access to the use of the funds or interest on them.

AACSB: AnalyticAICPA BB: LegalAICPA FN: ResearchBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: 2

Chap 006

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