Changes from AACR2 for Texts

Barbara B. Tillett, Chief, Policy and Standards DivisionFor LC Digital Futures and You

Jan. 12, 2010

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General overview

• Changes:– from AACR2 or from AACR2 practice– MARC 21 changes

• Represents LC practice for the RDA Test – some decisions still tentative/in process

• Specific details in training sessions for LC participants in the RDA Test

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RDA Test (United States)

• For more information, go to the Web site maintained by the RDA Test Coordinating Committee:

http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/rda/

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Reminder: foundations of RDA

• Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR; 1998)

• Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD; 2009)

• IFLA Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (ICP; 2009)

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RDA structure

• Not by class of materials: no separate chapters for books, printed music, etc.

• Basic goals: identify and relate (from

FRBR and FRAD user tasks)

• Chapters: separate elements for goals– Assemble those elements when need

access points (end of chapters)

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Summary of organization

• Ch. 1-7: identify the resource• Ch. 8-11, 16: identify the person, family,

corporate body associated with the resource• Ch. 17-22: relationships between persons,

families, corporate bodies and resources• Ch. 24-28: relationships between resources• Ch. 29-32: relationships between persons,

families, and corporate bodies

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AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

• heading • author, composer, etc.

• main entry

• uniform title

• see reference

authorized access pointcreator

preferred title + authorized access point for creator if appropriate

1) preferred title (+ other information to differentiate);

2) conventional collective title

Variant access point

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FRBR terminology

• Group 1 entities:– Work, expression, manifestation, item

• Group 2 entities:– Person, family, corporate body

• Group 3 entities:– Groups 1 and 2– Concept, object, event, place [not yet in RDA]

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RDA Test and “bridge” period

• Continue

– MARC 21 to encode bibliographic and authority data using

– ISBD punctuation and structure (appendix D) to present bibliographic data

– AACR2 punctuation style (appendix E) to present name access points

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RDA core elements

• Core elements chosen based on FRBR-identified attributes mandatory for a national level bibliographic record to meet user tasks:– Find, identify, select, obtain

• “LC Core+” = the RDA core list + those other elements LC usually includes

• Beyond LC Core+: cataloger’s judgment

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Choices in RDA

• Alternatives– Something different from previous instruction

• Optional omissions/additions– Less or more than in previous instruction

• “or” instructions– Related to the resource or cataloger’s judgment

• “Policy of agency”: language and script of the catalog, calendar, etc.

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Cataloging documentation

• More emphasis on cataloger judgment

• Approximately 1/4 of existing LCRIs are being retained and revised/simplified for RDA (see separate sheet)

• Revised LCRI content, policy decisions for alternatives/options and other choices, and identification of LC Core+ will be added to RDA Online

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TOOLS RESOURCES

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Annotations and comments in a “Sticky note”

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Annotations in RDA

• Will contain LC practice for the RDA Test:– Retained and rewritten LCRI content– Decisions on options, alternatives, agency

policy, etc., if cataloger judgment not to be applied

• Catalogers can add their own comments

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RDA: Workflows

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Other possible workflows

• Multipart monograph • Reproduction of a

monograph• Early printed book• Book with multiple

languages/scripts• Serial• Integrating loose-

leaf

• Integrating website• Direct access

electronic resource• Identifying a person• Identifying a

corporate body• Recording a

relationship to a related work

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ICP “representation” principle• “Take what you see”

• “Accept what you get”– Example: Do not abbreviate words in

transcribed fields

MARC 260: ABC Publishing Company – do not change to “ABC Pub. Co.”

MARC 250: Third revised edition – do not change to “3rd rev. ed.”

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Representation and errors

• Do not correct errors in transcribed fields– No more “[sic]” or “[i.e., _____]”– AACR2 exception retained for title proper of

serial or of integrating resource– Explain in note, give access point if important

245 $a Teusday’s tasks.246 $i Corrected title: $a Tuesday’s tasks260 $a Chicago : $b Smith Pubblishers, $c 2010.

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GMD replacement

• Three elements:– Content type* (MARC 336)– Media type (MARC 337)– Carrier type* (MARC 338)

• Caution: don’t confuse Carrier type with Extent (300 $a)

* Core elements

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336-338 encoding

• Repeat as needed to represent resource• Subfield $2 for vocabulary• Templates in Voyager for resources

• Leader/06: continue to give primary content type if more than one (336)

• 006: continue to give for some serials and some electronic resources

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336-338 examplesBook:

300 $a 238 pages : $b …336 $a text $2 marccontent337 $a unmediated $2 marcmedia338 $a volume $2 marccarrier

Print serial:300 $a volumes : $b …336 $a text $2 marccontent337 $a unmediated $2 marcmedia338 $a volume $2 marccarrier

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336-338 examples

Website (with maps, text, and photographs):300 $a 1 online resource336 $a text $2 marccontent336 $a cartographic image $2 marccontent336 $a still image $2 marccontent337 $a computer $2 marcmedia338 $a online resource $2 marccarrier

Online PDF:300 $a 1 online resource (39 pages): $b…336 $a text $2 marccontent337 $a computer $2 marcmedia338 $a online resource $2 marccarrier

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Statements of responsibility

• Single statement naming more than one person, family, or corporate body– RDA instruction for RDA Test: transcribe as found (no

longer “rule of 3”)– RDA option generally not applied by LC for RDA Test:

transcribe first name and give bracketed summary about information not transcribed

• Related action: how many access points for those persons/families/bodies

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Statement of responsibility example

245 $a … / $c by Susan Brown, Melanie Carlson, Stephen Lindell, Kevin Ott, and Janet Wilson.

Or, if option applied:

245 $a … / $c by Susan Brown [and four others]

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Numbering for serials

• Transcribe terms and months as on the resource

• Alternative applied by LC for numerals: record numerals as found on the resource

• Possible to give numbering as an unformatted note (MARC 362 1#)

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Serial numbering examples

Volume X, number 1 – do not change to “Vol. 10, no. 1”

January 2010 – do not change to “Jan. 2010”

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Publication, etc., statements lacking information

• Not using “[s.l.]” and “[s.n.]”; instead:– [Place of publication not identified]– [Publisher not identified]– [Date of publication not identified]

• Macros in Voyager for supplied wording related to publication, distribution, and manufacture

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300 examples (Description of carrier)

300 $a v, 199 pages : $b illustrations(some color), maps, color portraits ; $c 30 cm.

300 $a 86 pages, 21 unnumbered pages : $b illustrations, 1 folded map ;

$c 24 cm + $e 1 manual (5 pages ; 20 cm).

300 $a volumes : $b illustrations ; $c 26 cm.

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300 examples (Description of carrier)

300 $a 1 online resource

(Carrier description for an updating Web site: may choose to omit elements for file type, encoding format, and file size due to frequent changes in the integrating resource over time.)

300 $a 1 CD-ROM ; ‡c 4 3/4 in.

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Series statement (4XX)

• Transcribe series numbering as found

volume 32 – do not change to “v. 32”

tomo 4 – do not change to “t. 4”

Band LXXXVIII – do not change to “Bd. 88”

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Naming a workMultiple creators

• No longer “rule of 3”

• Always:– Creator with primary responsibility– If primary responsibility is shared or not

stated, first-named creator

• Related decision: how many additional access points for other creators

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Multiple creators: example

100 $a Brown, Susan.245 $a Heroes / $c by Susan Brown, Melanie

Carlson, Stephen Lindell, Kevin Ott, and Janet Wilson.

700 $a Carlson, Melanie.700 $a Lindell, Stephen.700 $a Ott, Kevin.700 $a Wilson, Janet.

[AACR2: entered under title if more than three creators]

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Treaties

• First-named signatory for all treaties

• AACR2 exception retained for treaties with one government on one side and 2+ governments on other side: use single government

• Related decision: how many additional access points for other signatories

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Bible

• Do not abbreviate “Old Testament” and “New Testament” to “O.T.” and “N.T.”

• Use “Bible. Old Testament,” “Bible. New Testament,” and “Bible. Apocrypha” when naming those aggregate works

• For individual books and other groups of books, do not include name of testament after “Bible”

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“Polyglot” no longer used

• Access points for each language expression

245 $a Antigo Testamento Poliglota : $b Hebraico, Grego, Português, Inglês.

546 $a Text in Greek, Hebrew, Portuguese, and English in columns on facing pages.730 $a Bible. $p Old Testament. $l Hebrew …730 $a Bible. $p Old Testament. $l Greek …730 $a Bible. $p Old Testament. $l Portuguese …730 $a Bible. $p Old Testament. $l English …

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Authority data elements from FRAD

• For persons, families, and corporate bodies (Group 2 entities)

• Not all will be included in authorized access points (headings) but could be available for identification and for later differentiation as needed

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Person attributes added to MARC 21 authority format

• 046: special coded dates• 370: associated place• 371: address• 372: field of activity• 373: affiliation• 374: occupation• 375: gender• 377: associated language

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Non-human entities

• Now in scope as persons, e.g.,– Miss Piggy– Snoopy

• LC to consider as persons?– If in the Subject file, move to the Names file

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Corporate body attributes added to MARC 21 authority format

• 046: special coded dates

• 370: associated place

• 371: address

• 372: field of activity

• 377: associated language

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Relationships

• Persons/families/corporate bodies with resources

Shakespeare is the author of Hamlet

• Between resourcesSerial abc is continued by XYZ Serial

• Between persons/families/corporate bodies

X relates to Y

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Persons … with resources

• Two methods to relate persons with resources:– Identifier: LC will not use alone for RDA Test– Authorized access point

• Relationship designators in RDA appendix I

• Recorded in bibliographic and/or authority data

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Examples: persons … with resources

Authorized access point:

100 $a Lindgren, Astrid, $d 1907-2002.240 $a Pippi Långstrump. $l English245 $a Pippi Longstocking / $c Astrid

Lindgren ; translated by Tiina Nunnally.

700 $a Nunnally, Tiina, $d 1952- $e translator

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Between resources

• Three methods:– Identifier: LC will not use alone for RDA Test– Authorized access point– Description (structured or unstructured)

• Relationship designators in appendix J

• Recorded in bibliographic and/or authority data

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Examples: between resourcesAuthorized access point (probably LC’s choice):100 $a Brown, Dan, $d 1964-240 $a Digital fortress. $l French 245 $a Forteresse digitale.700 $i Translation of $a Brown, Dan, $d 1964-

$t Digital fortress.

Structured description:

100 $a Brown, Dan, $d 1964-240 $a Digital fortress. $l French 245 $a Forteresse digitale.500 $a Translation of: Digital fortress /

Dan Brown. –- 1st ed. -- New York : St. Martin’s Press, 1998. –- 371 pages ;

22 cm

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Examples: between resources

Unstructured description and three identifiers:

245 $a Journal of professional counseling, practice, theory, & research.

780 00 $t TCA journal ‡x 1556-4223 ‡w (DLC)93645762 ‡w (OCoLC)26906768

[780 indicators 00 = relationship “Continues”]

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Between persons … corporate bodies

• Two methods:– Identifier: not used alone by LC for RDA Test– Authorized access point

• Relationship designators in appendix K

• Recorded in authority data

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Examples: between persons … corporate bodies

Authorized access point:

100 $a Snodgrass, Quintus Curtius, $d 1835-1910500 $a Clemens, Samuel, $d 1835-1910 $i real

identity

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TOOLS RESOURCES

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Webcasts for review

• “FRBR: Things You Should Know, But Were Afraid to Ask”

http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554

• “Cataloging Principles and RDA”http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4327

• “Resource Description and Access: Background Overview”

http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4320

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Questions about RDA?

• Contact PSD via email:

policy@loc.gov