CHALLENGES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 2000-PRESENT UNIT 9 CH.31.

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CHALLENGES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 2000-PRESENT UNIT 9 CH.31

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Transcript of CHALLENGES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 2000-PRESENT UNIT 9 CH.31.

Page 1: CHALLENGES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 2000-PRESENT UNIT 9 CH.31.

CHALLENGES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY2000-PRESENTUNIT 9 CH.31

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AMERICA IN 2000

Third most populous nation at 281.4 million 10.4% foreign born

Fastest growing segment are 85 and over

Decline in two-parent, heterogeneous households Increase in single-parent households headed by women

Children in these households tend to grow up poor and without adequate family support

Richest country in the world Largest gap between lowest paid and highest paid

Per-capita income increased

after-tax income decreased for the lowest fifth of wage earners

College graduates earn double the income of high school graduates

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ELECTION OF 2000

Vice president Al Gore: “champion of working families” v. Texas Governor George W. Bush: “compassionate conservative” Closest election since 1876

First election settled by the Supreme Court

Contested votes in Florida, election settled by the Supreme Court

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W’S DOMESTIC POLICY

No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Aimed to improve student performance (through testing) and close the achievement gap between

rich and poor students

Economics Tax cuts ($1.35 trillion over 10 year)

Large corporations such as Enron and World Com falsified their earnings statements

“Dotcom Crash” in 2002

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WAR ON TERROR

Roots Collapse of Ottoman Empire, U.S. support of Israel, U.S. troops in Middle East after Persian Gulf war

Early Attacks World Trade Center bombing (1993)

Embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania (1998)

Attack on USS Cole in Yemen (2000)

Sept.11,2001 Four planes were hijacked by Al-Qaeda operatives and two were flown into the World Trade Center,

one into the Pentagon, and the other crashed in a field in Pennsylvania

Afghanistan U.S. invaded in Dec. 2001 after Taliban government refused to hand over Osama bin Laden and

other Al-Qaeda members

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WAR ON TERROR

Patriot Acts (2001 & 2003) expanded government surveillance and arrest powers Department of Homeland Security

Director of National Intelligence

Bush Doctrine Containment and deterrence were no longer effective against stateless enemies

Iraqi War Invaded in 2003 on evidence that Hussein was building weapons of mass destruction

U.S. feared that he would distribute those weapons to terrorists organizations

Failure to find WMDs, diverse insurgent groups, treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib

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BUSH’S SECOND TERM

Bush won reelection in 2004 against John Kerry (D) Republican majorities expanded in the House and Senate

Washington Politics Tried to privatize Social Security and pass law of immigration

reform that Congress called “amnesty”

FEMA was slow to react to devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans (2005)

Financial Crisis 2007-2009 Fueled by crash of housing boom

Banks and other financial institution failed, gas prices soared

Economic Stabilization Act created a $700 billion TARP to save companies deemed “too big to fail” in 2008

Conservatives criticized this as socialism and Liberals called in a bailout for wall street

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ELECTION OF 2008

Barak Obama and Joe Biden v. John McCain and Sarah Palin

Barak Obama becomes the first mixed-race president of the United States with his successful grassroots campaign for “change”

Bush and Obama worked together to transition from one president to the other Worked on the TARP stimulus package together

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OBAMA’S FIRST TERM

Executive Orders Started process for Guantanamo Bay shut down; failed to win Congressional support

Renounced used of torture

Economic Action Controversial stimulus package (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009)

gave money to General Motors and Chrysler, which included partial government ownership of GM

Dodd-Frank Act (2010) designed to prevent another bailout; set up Bureau of Consumer Protection

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) Designed to add 25-30 million Americans to health care system

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OBAMA’S FIRST TERM

Tea Party movement of conservatives and libertarians won the House in the midterms by focusing on economics and limited government Compromise was not an option for either major party

National debt at $16 trillion by 2012

Foreign Policy U.S. troops withdrawn in 2011: chaos erupted soon after

Surge of forces in Afghanistan in 09-10; use of drones criticized

May 2, 2011 Osama bin Laden killed in Pakistan

Sympathy to pro-democracy movements during the Arab Spring of 2010- 2011

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ELECTION OF 2012

Obama v. Mitt Romney, governor of MA Nine republicans had vied for the party nomination

Major issues were Obamacare and the Great Recession

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OBAMA’S SECOND TERM

16 day government shutdown by Congress resulted in automatic budget cuts and a near default on government debt

Mass shootings in Colorado and Connecticut; bombing of the Boston Marathon in 2013

Foreign Policy Prolonged civil war in Syria

Nuclear negotiations with Iraq

Renewed relations with Cuba

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THE ROBERT’S COURT

Citizens United v. Federal Election Committee; corporations are legal persons and have the same rights to donate to political campaigns

1996 Defense of marriage Act ruled unconstitutional

District of Columbia v. Heller; individuals not associated with state militia can own firearms

Obamacare ruling (National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius); requiring individuals to purchase health care or pay a penalty was constitutional based on the government’s power to levy taxes


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