Ch.8 - Cellular Respirationhayescience.weebly.com/.../6/13068918/ch.8_-_cellular_respiration.pdf ·...
-
Upload
truongxuyen -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Ch.8 - Cellular Respirationhayescience.weebly.com/.../6/13068918/ch.8_-_cellular_respiration.pdf ·...
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
Ch. 8 - Cellular Respiration1. Write the overall equation for cellular respiration including oxidized and reduced molecules.
2. Define the process of cellular respiration (p.136).
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. NAD+ is a type of __________________ which can be ________________ to form NADH. (p.136)
4. NAD+ needs 2 ________________ and 1 ___________________ to form NADH.
5. The main role of NAD+ and FAD+ is to __________________________________________.
6. What condition must be met for pyruvate to enter the mitochondria? (p. 137)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. If this condition is not met, where does pyruvate go? What is this process called? (p. 140)
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. Why is it essential for fermentation to be reduced when oxygen is not available? (p. 140)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
9a. What is one advantage and one disadvantage of fermentation? (p. 140)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
9b. Fill in the flow chart of cellular respiration (I suggest you do this after reading the chapter).
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
10. Label the diagram of the mitochondrion below and the steps or products of cellular respiration.(Figure 8.9)
1. ________________
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
5. ________________
6. ________________
7. ________________
11. What is glycolysis and where does it take place? (p. 135)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
12. What are the overall outputs of glycolysis? (p. 135)
a. ________________________
b. ________________________
c. ________________________
13. Define the citric acid cycle. What are the overall outputs of this process? (figure 8.7)
__________________________________________________________________________________
a. ________________________
b. ________________________
c. ________________________
d. ________________________
1
glycolysis
4
3
2
5
2 ATP 6 7
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
11. Examine the mitochondrion below. Describe the process that occurs in each area: (p. 142)
a. cristae - ___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
b. matrix - ___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
12. Define the electron transport chain (ETC). (p. 144)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
13. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? What happens if oxygen is not present? (p. 144)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
14. (This is a summary of steps of the events occurring during the electron transport chain). (p.144-45)
1. Hydrogen ions are pumped from the matrix of the mitochondrion into the ______________
space. They do this by obtaining energy from ____________ passing through the membrane
proteins of the ETC.
2. These hydrogen ions and electrons come from the oxidation of _________ and ________.
3. As hydrogen ions move out of the cristae, ______________ move through the cristae, carried
by various carrier proteins.
4. H+ ions continue to be pumped out of the matrix which creates a _________ ___________ .
5. This gradient results in the movement of H+ ions from the intermembrane space back into
the matrix through a process called ____________________ .
6. Part of this process also results in the production of _______ with the help of the ATP
synthase protein.
15. Which of these processes produces the most ATP? (circle one) (p. 146)
Substrate-level ATP synthesis ETC and chemiosmosis
16. Describe each letter of the ETC below: (p. 145)
A. __________________________________________________ __________________________
B. __________________________________________________ _____________
C. __________________________________________________ _____________ _____________
A
B C
AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE
17. Compare and contrast mitochondria and chloroplasts role in cellular energetics. (p. 148)
18. This is figure 8.11 in your text. Notice how
some compounds are oxidized in
photosynthesis (water) and reduced in
respiration (oxygen).
Remember that NADPH donates electrons
and hydrogen ions to create organics (i.e.
glucose, sucrose) during photosynthesis.
NAD+ accepts electrons and hydrogen ions to
create the waste product carbon dioxide
during cellular respiration.
Mitochondria ChloroplastsUse of membrane
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Enzymes