Ch07

Presentation Slidesto Accompany

Organizational Behavior 10th EditionDon Hellriegel and John W. Slocum, Jr.

Chapter 7—Managing Individual Stress

Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress

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Slide 7.1Learning Objectives for Managing

Individual Stress

Explain the concept of stress and stressors and a

person’s response to stress

Discuss the relationship between personality and stress

State the primary sources of stress in organizations

Describe the effects of stress on health and job

performance

Identify individual and organizational practices for

managing stress


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Slide 7.2The Relationship Between Stressors

and Experienced StressInfluenced by the Person’s:

Perceptions

Past Experiences

Social Support

Individual Differences

Stress Experienced

by the Person

Stressors from the

Environment


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Slide 7.3Behavioral Tendencies of the

Type A Personality

Time urgency

Competitiveness and hostility

Polyphasic behavior

Lack of planning


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Slide 7.4Characteristics of the

Hardy Personality

Feeling a sense of commitment

Responding to each difficulty as a

challenge and an opportunity

Having a sense of control over one’s life


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Slide 7.5Sources of Work Stressors and

Experienced Stress

Workload

Job Conditions

Role Conflict and Ambiguity

Career Development

Interpersonal Relations

Aggressive Behavior

Conflict Between Work and Other Roles

Perceptions

Past Experiences

Social Support

Individual Differences

Stress Experienced by the Employee

Influenced by the Employee’s:Work Stressors


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Slide 7.6Stressors and Work–Family Conflict

Stressors

Dissatisfaction

Frustration

Depression

Work–Family Conflicts

Work and Family Stress on Employee

Work Versus Family

Creates Leads toTriggers Possible

Outcomes


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Slide 7.7Stressful Events for College Students

High Stress Events Moderate Stress Events Low Stress Events

* Death of parent * Academic probation * Change in eating habits

* Change of major

* Death of close friend

* Failing important course

* Finding a new love interest

* Loss of financial aid

* Major injury or illness

* Parents’ divorce

* Serious arguments with romantic partner

* Outstanding achievement

Source: Adapted from Baron, R. A., and Byrne, D. Social Psychology: UnderstandingHuman Interaction, 6th ed. Boston, Allyn & Bacon, 1991, 573.

* Death of spouse

* Divorce

* Flunking out

* Unwed pregnancy

* Change in sleeping habits

* Change in social activities

* Conflict with instructor

* Lower grades than expected


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Slide 7.8Effects of Stress

Physiological effects

Increased blood pressure, increased heart rate,

sweating, hot and cold spells, etc.

Emotional effects

Anger, anxiety, depression, lowered self-esteem, etc.

Behavioral effects

Poor performance, absenteeism, high accident rates,

high turnover rates, etc.


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Slide 7.9Health Impacts of Stress

Health problems

Coronary heart disease, back pain, headaches, etc.

Impact on the organization

Increased health insurance costs and lost work days

Over 75% of industrial accidents are rooted in stress

Stress-related workers’ compensation claims


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Slide 7.10Typical Relationship Between

Performance and StressToo Little Stress Optimum Stress Excessive Stress

Low Amount of Stress High

Lev

el o

f

Per

form

ance

Low

(poor)

High

(excellent)


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Slide 7.11Components and Characteristics

of Burnout Components:

State of emotional exhaustion

Depersonalization of individuals

Feelings of low personal accomplishment

Characteristics:

Experiences high stress from work-related stressors

Idealistic and self-motivating achievers

Often seek unattainable goals


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Slide 7.12Individual Stress

Management Initiatives Designed to eliminate or control sources of

stress and improve the person’s ability to cope

A person can manage stress by:

Planning ahead and practicing good time management

Having good personal health management practices

Maintaining a positive perspective

Balancing work life and personal life

Learning a relaxation technique


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Slide 7.13Organizational Stress

Management Initiatives

Designed to: Identify and modify or eliminate work stressors

Help employees modify perception of work stress

Help employees cope with the consequences of stress

Organizations can manage stress by: Reducing work stressors

Modifying behaviors

Creating wellness programs


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Slide 7.14Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Reducing Stressors

Improvements in the physical work environment

Job design

Changes in workloads and deadlines

Changes in work schedules, more flexible hours,

and sabbaticals

Increased employee participation


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Slide 7.15Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Modifying Behaviors

Team building

Career counseling and other employee

assistance programs

Time management workshops

Job burnout workshops

Training in relaxation techniques

Ch07

Health & Medicine

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