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Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

Chapter 3

Fluid Statics

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Main Topics

The Basic Equations of Fluid Statics

Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid

Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Buoyancy

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Body Force

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Surface Force

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Total Force

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Newton’s Second Law

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The Basic Equationsof Fluid Statics

Pressure-Height Relation

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Pressure Variation in aStatic Fluid

Incompressible Fluid: Manometers

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Pressure Variation in aStatic Fluid

Compressible Fluid: Ideal Gas

Need additional information, e.g., T(z) for atmosphere

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface

We can find FR, and y´ and x´,by integrating, or …

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface• Algebraic Equations – Total Pressure Force

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Plane Submerged Surface• Algebraic Equations – Net Pressure Force

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Curved Submerged Surface

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Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces

Curved Submerged Surface• Horizontal Force = Equivalent Vertical Plane Force• Vertical Force = Weight of Fluid Directly Above

(+ Free Surface Pressure Force)

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Buoyancy

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Buoyancy

For example, for a hot air balloon (Example Problem 3.8):

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