Ch01 TB Samaha11e

8/9/2019 Ch01 TB Samaha11e

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Instructors Resource Manual with Test Bank

Chapter 1 Test Bank

Criminal Law and Criminal Punishment: An Overview

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Significant punishment in the sentencing phase of a criminal trial shows the victim that thepunishment equals the crime. This thought process is iscusse in which court case!a. Commonwealth v. Rhodes1""#$. Chaney v. State%1"&'(c. Keeler v. Superior Court %1"&'(. U.S. v. Hudson and Goodwin %1)1*(

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*. 2rivate wrongs for which 3ou can sue the part3 who wronge 3ou an recover mone3 are

known asa. torts.$. misemeanors.c. regulator3 violations.. mala prohibitumoffenses.

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5. 6ho has the $uren of proof regaring criminal conuct!a. the 7uge$. the 7ur3

c. the efense. the prosecution

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4. 0f the following: which efenant ma3 $e require to $e in court for a trial!a. misemeanor$. gross misemeanorc. violation. felon3

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9. +n offense which is punisha$le $3 one 3ear or more in a state prison is calle aa. common;law crime.$. coe offense.c. misemeanor.. felon3.

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#. 6hat thought process sa3s that human $eings seek pleasure an avoi pain!a. rationalism.$. heonism.c. minimali


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?hapter 1- ?riminal @aw an ?riminal 2unishment- +n 0verview

c. general eterrence. Incapacitation

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1*. The theor3 of punishment that inclues the iea that it is right to hate criminals an the3

eserve to $e punishe proportionate to the harm the3 have one is the theor3 ofa. incapacitation.$. special eterrence.c. retri$ution.. general eterrence.

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15. The police ecision to investigate or not is an e=ample of what kin of ecision making!a. iniscriminate$. iscretionar3c.

political. appropriate

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14. 6ho formulate the theor3 that rational human $eings wont commit crimes if the3 knowthat the pain of punishment outweighs the pleasure the3 hope to get from committing thecrime!a. The authors of the 0l Testament$. Aeorge Bernar Shawc. erem3 Bentham. Isaac hrlich

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19. The assumption unerl3ing reha$ilitation theor3 is thata. criminal $ehavior is primaril3 a meical pro$lem that can $e cure with the correct

rugs.$. reha$ilitation requires long;term incarceration an intense treatment.c. forces $e3on offeners control cause them to commit crimes an e=perts

using the correct therap3 can reform criminals.. sometimes the cure for criminalit3 involves large oses of pain.

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1#. Since the mi;1")'s: the two rationales that have ominate penal polic3 area. retri$ution an incapacitation.$. eterrence an reha$ilitation.c. reformation an eterrence.. vengeance an reha$ilitation.

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1&. +ccoring to the te=t: which of the following is not a propert3 crime!a. /rau$. +rsonc. Burglar3. agranc3

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1). ?riminal law is onl3 onekin ofa. social norm.$. social control.c. social event.. informal control.

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1". 6hat part of criminal law consists of principles that appl3 to more than one crime!a. general part of criminal law$. generic part of criminal lawc. specific part of criminal law. special part of criminal law

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*'. 6hat part of criminal lawefines specific crimes an arranges them into groupsaccoring to su$7ect matter!a. general part of criminal law$. generic part of criminal lawc. specific part of criminal law

. special part of criminal law+,S- 8 R/- p. 19 0B- *

*1. 6here is most criminal law foun!a. state criminal coes$. feeral criminal coesc. cit3 criminal coes. count3 criminal coes

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**. 6hich of the following is the highest stanar of proof known to the law!a. a$solute certaint3$. preponerance of the eviencec. pro$a$le cause. $e3on a reasona$le ou$t

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*5. 6hen professionals make 7ugments $ase on their training: their e=perience: anunwritten rules this is callea. iscretionar3 ecision making.$. $iase ecision making.c. affirmative ecision making.

. prouctive ecision making.+,S- + R/- p. 55 0B- #

*4. Sentencing laws that make prison release epenent on reha$ilitation are callea. epenent sentencing laws.$. ineterminate sentencing laws.c. eterminate sentencing laws.. inepenent sentencing laws.

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*9. uges are require to make a statement at the time of sentencing e=plaining wh3 the3 areimposing the sentence. 6hich of the following is not one of the reasons for thisrequirement!a. to increase the rationalit3 of sentencing.$. such statements can $e therapeutic to the efenant.c. to ai in appellate court review.. such statements can $e therapeutic to the victim.

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*#. Mala prohi$ita crimes inclue all of the following e=cepta. parking tickets.

$. rinking in pu$lic.c. rape.. loitering.

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*&. ?rimes an torts are similar in which of the following wa3s!a. The stanar of proof for $oth is $e3on a reasona$le ou$t.$. The3 $oth appl3 onl3 to economic wrongs.c. The3 $oth appl3 onl3 to criminals.. The3 $oth tell us what we can an cant o.

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*). 6hich of the following is not true of a felon3 crime!a. a felon3 is more serious than a misemeanor$. a felon3 is punisha$le $3 eath or an imprisonment of more than one 3earc. a felon3 is never punishe $3 imprisonment. felon3 efenants have to $e in court for their trials

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*". +ministrative crimesa. o not e=ist $ecause agencies o not have the power to enact rules.$. can onl3 $e enacte $3 feeral agencies.c. are no longer a significant source of criminal law..

are a rapil3 growing source of law.+,S- 8 R/- p. *1 0B- 5

5'. 6hat are offenses of general applica$ilit3!a. misemeanor an felon3 crimes$. felon3 an complicit3 crimesc. complicit3 an attempt crimes. propert3 an attempt crimes

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51. The appellant is the part3 whoa. is appealing to ensure their victor3 in the court $elow.$. is appealing to overturn an unfavora$le ecision.c. has ha an appeal file against them.. has not file the charges against the appellee.

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5*. The legal rule the court has ecie to appl3 to the facts of the cases is calle thea. issue.$. holing.c. result.

. reasoning.+,S- B R/- p. 5# 0B- &

55. If an appellate court affirms the ecision of the court immeiatel3 $elow: this means thatthe lower courts ecision isa. uphel.$. overturne.c. questione.. not consiere.

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54. 6hen an appellate court overturns the ecision of a trial court an sens the case $ack forfurther proceeings in accor with its ecision: the appeals court hasa. reverse the trial courts ecision.$. affirme the trial court ecision.c. reverse an remane the trial court ecision.. ecline the trial court ecision.

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59. In the citation 51" ,.6. * 49": the num$er 49" represents thea. volume num$er.$. page where the opinion $egins in a volume.c. ate the ecision was hane own..

ate the case was argue.+,S- B R/- p. 5& 0B- &

5#. 8efinitions of crimes are ivie into four groups. 6hich of the following is not one ofthose groups!a. crimes against persons.$. crimes against pu$lic.c. crimes against propert3.. crimes against pu$lic orer an morals.

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Score of 5. Aoo $asic question.

5&. ?rimes against pu$lic orer an morals inclue all of the following crimes e=cept-a. stealing.$. illegal immigration.c. gang crimes.. prostitution.

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5). 6hat was the original source of law!a. legislatures.$. aministrative agencies.c. courthouses.. common law.

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5". Before there were criminal coes: social orer epene on o$eience to unwritten rules$ase ona. communit3 customs an traitions.$. communit3 customs an polls.c. traitions an polls.. the sheriff.

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4'. ?oif3ing a criminal offense means toa. efine the crime an spell out the punishment in writing.$. set the offense in stone.c. write the sentence out using computer $ase language.. revert to the use of common law.

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41. 6ho i legal reformers $elieve shoul make laws!a. 7uges.$. presients.c. legislatures.. sheriffs.

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4*. 6hat are some of the reasons that the +merican @aw Institute create the Moel 2enal

?oe!a. clarification an simplification.$. classification an institutionali


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49. The iea that onl3 $3 inflicting ph3sical an ps3chological pain as punishment canoffeners pa3 for their crimes refers to which purpose of punishment!a.

retri$ution.$. prevention.c. eterrence.. incapacitation.

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?ase 1.1Stan ro$s a woman while she is walking home from work. 2olice later ientif3 Stan asthe ro$$er an he is arreste. Stan is foun guilt3 of ro$$er3 an is sentence to one 3earin 7ail. 8uring sentencing the 7uge notes that his reasoning for the sentence is that $eingin 7ail will keep Stan from ro$$ing an3 other people an he wants to set an e=ample forothers.

4#. The reasoning of the 7uge for sentencing Stan is an e=ample of which of the following!a. informal iscretionar3 ecision making$. 7uicial opinionsc. formal criminal processing. 7uicial lawmaking

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4&. 2reventing Stan from committing other ro$$eries $3 putting him in 7ail is an e=ample of

what purpose for punishment!a. special eterrence.$. general eterrence.c. retri$ution.. incapacitation.

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4). 2unishing Stan as an e=ample for other is an e=ample of what purpose for punishment!a. special eterrence.$. general eterrence.c. retri$ution.

. incapacitation.

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?ase 1.*Sall3 is accuse of stealing some checks from her $oss. She is foun not guilt3 of an3criminal wrong at trial. Cer $oss sues her an receives a 7ugment orering Sall3 to pa3her for the amount lost from the stolen checks.

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4". Sall3s $oss receive a 7ugment for mone3 $ecause of what ifference $etween criminalan noncriminal wrongs!a. the $uren of proof is higher for criminal wrongs than for noncriminal wrongs.$. the $uren of proof is lower for criminal wrongs than for noncriminal wrongs.c.

the $uren of proof is equal for criminal wrongs than for noncriminal wrongs.. none of these answers is correct

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9'. 0f the following categories: what one can we sa3 with certaint3 is an appropriate classificationfor the theft of the checks!a. mala in se.$. mala prohi$ita.c. misemeanor.. felon3.

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?ase 1.5ohn works in a legal office. Cis $oss asks him to review the following case-Miranda v.Arizona: 5)4 D.S.45#%1"##(.

91. 6hat portion of the citation tells ohn what reporter to look in to fin the case!a. Miranda v. Arizona.$. 5)4c. D.S.

. 45#

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9*. 6hat information woul ohn use to etermine the volume where the case is locate!a. Miranda v. Arizona.$. 5)4c. D.S.. 45#

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95. 6hat information woul ohn use to etermine the page where the case is locate!a. Miranda v. Arizona.$. 5)4c. D.S.. 45#

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?ase 1.4

*1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Reportshttps://supreme.justia.com/us/384/436/case.htmlhttps://supreme.justia.com/us/384/436/case.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Reportshttps://supreme.justia.com/us/384/436/case.html


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?alifornia penal coe section *4';*41 states-*4'. +n assault is an unlawful attempt: couple with a present a$ilit3: to commit a violent in7ur3on the person of another.*41. %a( +n assault is punisha$le $3 a fine not e=ceeing one thousan ollars %E1:'''(: or $3imprisonment in the count3 7ail not e=ceeing si= months: or $3 $oth the fine an imprisonment.

94. Section *4' is an e=ample ofa. the general part of criminal law.$. the special part of criminal law.c. a case opinion.. the facts of criminal law.

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99. Section *41 ientifies assault as what kin of crime!a. felon3.$. misemeanor.c. mala in se.. mala prohi$ita.

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TUE!"AL#E

1. The criminal law is the onl3 form of social control in our societ3 an the onl3 wa3 tohol a person responsi$le for eviating from social norms.

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*. ?rimes an torts are essentiall3 the same: $ut with ifferent names.

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5. ?rimes punisha$le $3 more than a 3ear of imprisonment are calle felonies.

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4. The elements of the crime of em$e


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9. ?riminal law is onl3 one kin of social control.

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#. 8eterminists re7ect the free;will assumption that unerlies retri$ution.

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&. ?lassical eterrence theor3 states that rational human $eings wont commit crimes if the3know that the pain of punishment outweighs the pleasure gaine from committing crimes.

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). The principle of utilit3 permits onl3 the minimum amount of pain necessar3 in orer toprevent crime.

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". ?rimes an torts are similar in that $oth are sets of rules telling us what we cant o.

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1'. The special part of criminal law consists of principles that appl3 to more than one crime.

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11. +fter the aoption of the Moel 2enal ?oe in 1"#*: more than fort3 states change theircriminal coes.

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1*. ?it3: town: an village governments o not en7o3 $roa powers to create criminal laws.

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15. To qualif3 as criminal punishment$penalties have to meet four criteria.

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14. 8iscretionar3 ecision making is ecision making that is in plain view.

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19. Incapacitation restrains convicte offeners from committing further crimes.

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1#. Most states have a$olishe common;law crimes.

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1&. Most state criminal coes toa3 inclue a general part.

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1). Most criminal law is foun in the feeral penal coe.

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1". The ma7orit3 opinion la3s out the esta$lishe law of the case.

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*'. ?ase citations are summaries of a courts ma7orit3 opinion.

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*1. 2unishments iffer wiel3 among the states.

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**. + noncriminal wrong is a legal wrong that 7ustifies suing someone an getting mone3:usuall3 for some personal in7ur3.

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*5. The istinction $etween criminal punishment an treatment is alwa3s clear;cut.

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*4. ?riminal lia$ilit3 is conuct that un7ustifia$l3 an ine=cusa$l3 inflicts or threatenssu$stantial harm to iniviual or pu$lic interests.

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*9. The $uren of proof for crimes is ifferent than the $uren of proof for torts.

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*#. The general part of criminal law efines specific crimes an arranges them into groupsaccoring to su$7ect matter.

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*&. ?riminal coes evolve from common law.

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*). State coes frequentl3 use ifferent names for crimes than common law.

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*". iolations of feeral an state agenc3 rules are calle aministrative crimes.

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5'. 2roving criminal conuct is necessar3 to impose criminal lia$ilit3 an punishment.

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COMPLETIO%

1. Retri$utionists conten that punishment $enefits not onl3 $ut also criminals.

+,S- societ3

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*. FFFFFFFFFFF principles of criminal law appl3 to man3 or all crimes.

+,S- Aeneral

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5. Municipal orinances often an overlap state criminal coeprovisions.

+,S- uplicate

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4. +ffirmative efenses such as 7ustification an e=cuse place the $uren of prouction or of on the efenant.

+,S- persuasion

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9. Sentencing is a 7uicial function.

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+,S- iscretionar3

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#. The te=t case metho stimulates 3ou to think a$out legal principles antheir application.

+,S- criticall3

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&. In case citations: the num$er alwa3s comes $efore the title of a reporter an thepage alwa3s comes immeiatel3 after the title.

+,S- volume

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). ?rimes are acts eserving of the strongest an stigma of a societ3.

+,S- sanction

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". In the real worl: criminal lia$ilit3 is the form of social control.

+,S- e=ceptional

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1'. ?rime that is inherentl3 wrong or evil: like murer an rape: is callemala .

+,S- in se

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E##A&

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1. =plain the purposes or rationales for punishment an the arguments in favor of eachrationale. Inclue a iscussion a$out current trens in punishment.

+,S- There are two primar3 rationales for criminal punishment- retri$ution anprevention. Retri$ution looks to past crimes an assumes that criminals e=ercise their

free will an chose to $reak the law. +ccoring to this theor3: punishment is 7ust eserts.2revention is forwar;looking an is esigne to prevent future crimes. The preventionrationale inclues general an specific eterrence: incapacitation: an reha$ilitation.Since the mi;1")'s: criminal 7ustice reformers have emphasi


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+,S- ?ommon;law crimes are mae $3 7ugesG statutor3 crimes are mae $3 legislature.0ver time most 7urisictions have move awa3 from common;law to statutor3 crimes.Man3 crimes are $oth common;law an statutor3 crimes %murer: rape(. ?ommon;lawcrimes create pro$lems of ue process an fair noticeG statutor3 crimes o not.

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9. It woul $e inappropriate to refer to criminal law:H as if it were a singular entit3. 6h3 isthis! 8iscuss all that criminal lawH reall3 inclues in the D.S.

+,S- In our feeral s3stem: there are 9* criminal coesone for each state: the 8istrictof ?olum$ia: an the feeral government. Most of the criminal law resies in the statecriminal coes an involve crimes against persons: propert3: pu$lic orer: an morals.ach of the 9* coes efines specific crimes an their punishments to $e applie to thepeople who commit crimes within their respective 7urisictions. There are somesignificant ifferences in $oth the efinitions of crimes an the punishments from state tostate. This iversit3: however: shoul not o$scure the fact that there are more similaritiesthan ifferences.

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#. 6hat is informal iscretionar3 ecision making! In what wa3s oes informaliscretionar3 ecision making affect the criminal 7ustice process!

+,S- Informal iscretionar3 ecision making inclues 7ugments mae $3 professionals:$ase on unwritten rules: their training: an their e=perience. It affects the criminal

7ustice process at ever3 ecision pointG from the iscretion a police officer uses ineciing whether to arrest a suspect or not to the sentencing $3 the 7uge in court.8iscretion allows fle=i$ilit3 in the implementation of rigi: formal criminal coes.

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&. 6hat $ehavior eserves criminal punishment! =plain the purposes of criminalpunishment %eterrence: incapacitation: reha$ilitation(!

+,S- Behavior that eserves criminal punishment inclues conuct that un7ustifia$l3 an

ine=cusa$l3 inflicts or threatens su$stantial harm to iniviual or pu$lic interests. Aeneraleterrence seeks to prevent the general population from committing crimes through thethreat of punishment. Special eterrence seeks to prevent convicte offeners fromcommitting future crimes through punishment. Incapacitation prevents convictecriminals from committing crimes $3 locking them up or otherwise making it impossi$leto commit another crime. Reha$ilitation sees criminals as sick an attempts to preventfuture crimes $3 proviing offeners with treatment.

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). 8efinepresumption of innocence. 6hat is the importance of the presumption ofinnocence as it relates to criminal lia$ilit3!

+,S- In practical terms: presumption of innocence means that the prosecution has the$uren of proof when it comes to proving the criminal act an intent. The presumption ofinnocence requires the prosecution to prove $e3on a reasona$le ou$t the criminal actan intent.

R/- p. 5' 0B- 9

". 6hat are affirmative efenses! Cow o the $urens of prouction an persuasion relate toaffirmative efenses!

+,S- +ffirmative efenses inclue 7ustification an e=cuse. The3 are calle affirmativeefenses $ecause efenants have to present evience. These efenses require theefenant to provie some evience in support of their 7ustification or e=cuse. Thisrequirement is known as the $uren of prouction. The $uren of persuasion requires theefenant to provie their affirmative efense $3 a preponerance of the evience.

R/- p. 51 0B- 9

1'. The main parts of a case inclue- title: citation: proceural histor3: 7uge: facts: 7ugment: anopinion. =plain what each of these parts inclues as well as how reaing cases in the te=t canhelp to $etter unerstan the law.

+,S- The case title consists of the names parties in the case. The citation tells 3ou whereto fin the case. The case histor3 is a $rief escription of the steps an 7ugments mae$3 each court that has hear the case. The 7uge inclues the name of the 7uge whowrote the opinion an issues the 7ugment. The facts are the facts of the case. The7ugment is how the court ispose of the case. The opinion e=plains how an wh3 thecourt applie the law to the facts of the case. Reaing cases help 3ou unerstan theprinciples an the elements of specific crimes an think criticall3 a$out the principles antheir applications.

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Ch01 TB Samaha11e

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