Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration The breakdown of food molecules to release energy to the cell.
-
Upload
aldous-potter -
Category
Documents
-
view
231 -
download
8
Transcript of Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration The breakdown of food molecules to release energy to the cell.
Ch. 9 Cellular RespirationThe breakdown of food molecules to release energy to the cell.
Connection between photosynthesis andcellular respiration
In cellular respiration it is NADH NOT NADPH!
Anaerobic respiration: 2 kinds
Anaerobic respiration is used in wine-making
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
• 1. Glycolysis: Glucose is broken
cytoplasm
• 2. Transition Reaction: Convert pyruvate to AcetylCoA
• 3. Krebs Cycle: Produce most NADH and FADH2
• 4. Electron Transport Chain: Convert NADH and FADH2 to ATP
Glycolysis: breaking glucose into pyruvate occurs in cytoplasm
Transition Reaction: converts pyruvate to acetylcoAoccurs in intermembrane space of mitochondria
Substrate-level phosphorylation: when ATPsynthase makes ATP
General Summary of Krebs cycle (Know your blue sheet!)Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
Electron Transport Chain: converts NADH and FADH2 to ATPoccurs in cristae
Ch. 40,44 Metabolism
Strategies for Body Temperature
• Endotherm: most body heat obtained internally (from metabolism)
• Endotherms tend to be homeotherms (maintain a constant body temperature)
• Ectotherms: most body heat obtained externally (from environment)
• Ectotherms tend to be poikilotherms (allow body temperature to fluctuate with environmental temperature)
Modes of Heat Loss and Gain
Radiation: heat loss or gain by a difference in body temperature and the environmentConduction: heat loss or gain by direct contact with an objectConvection: heat loss or gain by wind or water currentsEvaporation: heat loss only, cooling mechanism
Body Temp = Heat Produced + Heat Gained – Heat Lost
(By Metabolism) (From Environment) (To Environment)
Temperature Tolerances
CTmin
CTmax
Torpor: Hummingbirds
Body temperature and oxygenconsumption (red line) are highwhen hummingbirds are activeduring the day but may drop to 1/20 these levels during periodsof food shortage.
Dawn Dusk
Osmoregulation: salt and water balance
What does osmoregulation for us?
Water Balance In The K-Rat
Special adaptations: Kangaroo rats
Excretion of nitrogenous wastes