Growth of Industry & Growth of Industry & InventionInvention

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

Occurs in Great Britain & shifts to Occurs in Great Britain & shifts to America.America.

The Industrial Revolution was a The Industrial Revolution was a Soc. & Eco. Reorganization that Soc. & Eco. Reorganization that took place as machines replaced took place as machines replaced hand tools & large scale factory hand tools & large scale factory production took placeproduction took place Examples; Examples;

Ford=CarsFord=Cars Dell=ComputersDell=Computers Samuel SlaterSamuel Slater’’s Factory=threads Factory=thread

The Industrial NorthThe Industrial North

New England IndustrializesNew England Industrializes Primary source of income after the Primary source of income after the war was international tradewar was international trade

Industrial Rev causes New England to Industrial Rev causes New England to shift to Production.shift to Production.

Lowell Mill- Lowell Mill- Young women flock to Young women flock to town to work in factoriestown to work in factories

Strict rules were put in place; long hrsStrict rules were put in place; long hrs 12-16hrs/day, curfew, social12-16hrs/day, curfew, social

Economy of the early Economy of the early 1800s1800s

Northern economyNorthern economy Based on farming and industryBased on farming and industry

Mills, factories, mining, shipping, tradeMills, factories, mining, shipping, trade John DeereJohn Deere’’s plow & Cyrus McCormicks plow & Cyrus McCormick’’s s reaper in 1830sreaper in 1830s

Rural and Urban areas (city and Rural and Urban areas (city and country)country)

Rise of factories leads to city growthRise of factories leads to city growth Tenements in citiesTenements in cities Poor living conditionsPoor living conditions

Hard work for little payHard work for little pay Strikes, labor unions formStrikes, labor unions form

Economy of the 1800sEconomy of the 1800s Southern EconomySouthern Economy

““cotton beltcotton belt”” Plantation farming and Plantation farming and agricultureagriculture

Some shippingSome shipping Extremely reliant on slave Extremely reliant on slave institution for tradeinstitution for trade

CanCan’’t farm and harvest t farm and harvest plantation crops without plantation crops without slavesslaves

Issues with slavery ariseIssues with slavery arise Revolts like VeseyRevolts like Vesey’’s Plan & s Plan & TurnerTurner’’s Rebellions Rebellion

Slaves are propertySlaves are property

Inventions & Inventions & InnovationsInnovations

1700s in Britain, Industrial 1700s in Britain, Industrial Revolution beginsRevolution begins

US steals plans of British US steals plans of British textile millstextile mills

1790 Rhode Island houses the 1790 Rhode Island houses the first US textile millfirst US textile mill By 1840 over 240 mills By 1840 over 240 mills operatingoperating

Eli Whitney leads campaign Eli Whitney leads campaign for necessity of for necessity of ‘‘interchangeable partsinterchangeable parts’’ Changes the machinery of Changes the machinery of the countrythe country

Eli WhitneyEli Whitney

WhitneyWhitney’’s invention of the s invention of the cotton gin set south on a cotton gin set south on a separate course.separate course. Cotton easy to grow, but hard to Cotton easy to grow, but hard to cleanclean

Invention of cotton gin-> can Invention of cotton gin-> can clean cotton faster->South needs clean cotton faster->South needs more slaves to pick cotton.more slaves to pick cotton.

Inventions & Inventions & InnovationsInnovations

Cotton GinCotton Gin by Whitneyby Whitney Separates cotton from Separates cotton from seedsseeds

1,000 lbs per person, per 1,000 lbs per person, per dayday

Revolutionary and Revolutionary and priceless to South economypriceless to South economy

Whitney patents machine Whitney patents machine design in 1794design in 1794 He has sole rights to the He has sole rights to the design and manufacturing of design and manufacturing of the ginthe gin

Slavery on the InclineSlavery on the Incline

During the American Rev. slave During the American Rev. slave trade declined.trade declined. After the war of 1812 slave trade After the war of 1812 slave trade increasedincreased

The amount of slaves owned The amount of slaves owned directly correlates with the directly correlates with the amount of cotton produced.amount of cotton produced.

Henry ClayHenry Clay’’s American Systems American System

North & South developed North & South developed different economiesdifferent economies Congress/Pres./Clay want to unify Congress/Pres./Clay want to unify the USthe US

GoalGoal’’s of American s of American SystemSystem

Goal 1- Unite Regional Goal 1- Unite Regional EconomiesEconomies

Goal 2- Create Strong stable US Goal 2- Create Strong stable US economyeconomy

Goal 3- Make the US self-Goal 3- Make the US self-sufficientsufficient Why is this important?Why is this important?

3 Major Parts of the 3 Major Parts of the American SystemAmerican System

I. Develop transportation I. Develop transportation systems & other internal systems & other internal improvementsimprovements

II. Establish Protective TariffII. Establish Protective Tariff III. Resurrect the national III. Resurrect the national bank- influence reduced under bank- influence reduced under Jefferson.Jefferson.

How would it Unite the How would it Unite the Country?Country?

North produces manufactured goods that North produces manufactured goods that farmers from the S. & W. would buy.farmers from the S. & W. would buy.

The S. & W. would produce the grain, meat, The S. & W. would produce the grain, meat, & cotton needed in the N.& cotton needed in the N.

A nationally accepted currency & improved A nationally accepted currency & improved transportation network would facilitate transportation network would facilitate the exchange of goodsthe exchange of goods

America would no longer be economically America would no longer be economically dependent on Britain & other European dependent on Britain & other European Nations.Nations.

Tariff of 1816 Tariff of 1816 & what & what caused it?caused it?

B/c British goods stockpiled B/c British goods stockpiled during War of 1812-> price during War of 1812-> price dropped->sold cheaper than dropped->sold cheaper than American goodsAmerican goods

Placing a tariff on imports Placing a tariff on imports would increase the cost of would increase the cost of foreign goods->eliminates price foreign goods->eliminates price advantage advantage

Tariff cont.Tariff cont.

The revenue earned from tariff The revenue earned from tariff would be used for internal would be used for internal improvementsimprovements

Roads, canals, etc.Roads, canals, etc. Northerners loved the ideaNortherners loved the idea

b/c more pple would buy American b/c more pple would buy American goodsgoods

Southerners hated the ideaSoutherners hated the idea b/c it increase price of goods.b/c it increase price of goods.

Innovations & Innovations & InventionsInventions

Transportation & CommunicationTransportation & Communication RoadsRoads

Increases trade & travelIncreases trade & travel River travel through steam engineRiver travel through steam engine

Can now go upstreamCan now go upstream Increases trade & travelIncreases trade & travel 1807, 1807, ClaremontClaremont first US steamship first US steamship

CanalsCanals Connect large and small bodies of Connect large and small bodies of waterwater

Increases trade & travelIncreases trade & travel

Inventions & Inventions & InnovationsInnovations RailroadsRailroads

Steam engines provide quicker Steam engines provide quicker mode of transportationmode of transportation

B&O R.R.- from Baltimore, B&O R.R.- from Baltimore, Maryland to OhioMaryland to Ohio

By 1840 over 3,300 miles ofBy 1840 over 3,300 miles of track in US track in US

CommunicationCommunication 1790 there are 75 post 1790 there are 75 post offices, mail slow & offices, mail slow & unreliableunreliable

1830 there are 8,450 post 1830 there are 8,450 post officesoffices

More efficientMore efficient