Ch 5 Sect 2: Sleep and Dreams

• Circadian Rythems—

• Include a sequence of bodily changes, such as…

• 24 hour day

• Most studied is sleep-wake cycle

• When people are removed from cues that signal day/night cycle goes 25 hours

Stages of Sleep• Defined in terms of brain-wave patterns

(EEG)• 4 brain wave patters• Beta Waves—• Alpha Waves—• Theta Waves—• Delta Waves--• 5 stages of sleep—• REM Sleep• During 8 hours of sleep we go through stages

5 times

Sleep Stages

Sleep Study

Why do we Sleep?

• Need to revive body and build up resistance to infection

• Recover from stress

• Randy Gardner

• REM deprived show REM-rebound

Dreams• REM is when dreams occur• Some seem real and other do not• We may dream every time in REM• People dream in real time• A lot are simple extensions from the day• Freud said dreams reflect persons wishes

and urges• Symbolic dreams• Biopsychological

Sleep Problems

• Insomnia—• Worry and have

racing minds• Can make it worse…• Sleeping pills• Techinques—

Nightmares and terrors

• Common ones…• Middle ages work of

demons• Upsetting events• Night Terrors—• Night terrors occur

during deep sleep and nightmares REM

Sleep walking

• Many children do it• Don’t remember when

they wake up• Accident prone

Sleep Apnea

• Interruption in breathing

• These people don’t start breathing again

• Air passages are blocked

• 10 million people • Leads to…

Narcolepsy

• People suddenly fall asleep no matter time or where they are

• Treatments• Can occur when

driving or operating machinery

• No one knows cause• Believed to be genetic

disorder of REM sleep functioning

Ch.5 Sect.4: Drugs and Consciousness

Depressants

• Depressants—• Alcohol widely used• High doses can put a

person to sleep• Intoxication—• Judgment affected• Alcohol+car=accident• Excuse for behavior• Addiction• Long term

problems…

Narcotics

• Narcotics—• Morphine• Heroin• High doses of

heroin…• Withdrawal

symptoms…

Stimulants• Stimulants—• Nicotine found in

tobacco• Spurs release of…• Reduces appetite• Cigarette smoking is

as addictive as heroin!

• Withdrawal• Lung cancer• Heart disease…• Secondhand smoke

Amphetamines

• Amphetamines—• Pills, injected• High for days• Can cause…• Hallucination—• Delusions—

Cocaine

• Coca plant which grows in tropics

• Produces• Symptoms of use

• Bath Salts

Hallucinogens

• Marijuana produced from…

• Hashish• Impairs…• Effects…

• LSD also called acid• Effects…• Side effects

Treatments

• Detoxification—

• Maintenance Programs—

• Counseling—

• Support Groups—