Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public Health Lesson 1 Selecting Health Care and Services.

Ch 32Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public Consumer Choices and Public

HealthHealth

Lesson 1Lesson 1

Selecting Health Care and ServicesSelecting Health Care and Services

The Health Care SystemThe Health Care System

HealthInsurance

Health CareFacilities

Health Care Professionals

Health Agencies

Health Care System

Lesson 1 Objectives:Lesson 1 Objectives:

Identify health care Identify health care providers and examine providers and examine careers in the field.careers in the field.

Explain the significance Explain the significance of health insurance and of health insurance and the impact of rising the impact of rising costs.costs.

Describe the four parts Describe the four parts of the health care of the health care systemsystem

With a partner, brainstorm as many health care professionals as you can.

Health Care ProvidersHealth Care Providers

PhysiciansPhysicians Primary care physician – provides the first line of Primary care physician – provides the first line of

health care, s/he often provides check ups and health care, s/he often provides check ups and general care, s/he may provide a referral to a general care, s/he may provide a referral to a specialistspecialist

Specialist – a physician who has received Specialist – a physician who has received additional training in a particular area of medicineadditional training in a particular area of medicine

Who does what?Who does what?Match the specialist to the area of expertise.Match the specialist to the area of expertise.

1. Allergist1. Allergist 2. Gynecologist2. Gynecologist 3. Neurologist3. Neurologist 4. Urologist4. Urologist 5. Ophthalmologist5. Ophthalmologist 6. Dermatologist6. Dermatologist 7. Internist7. Internist 8. Oncologist8. Oncologist 9. Orthopedist9. Orthopedist 10. Rheumatologist10. Rheumatologist

A. Pain in joints or musclesA. Pain in joints or muscles B. CancerB. Cancer C. Skin diseasesC. Skin diseases D. Urinary tract problemsD. Urinary tract problems E. Female reproductive concernsE. Female reproductive concerns F. Skeletal injuries or concernsF. Skeletal injuries or concerns G. Internal diseasesG. Internal diseases H. Eye diseasesH. Eye diseases I. Nervous system problemsI. Nervous system problems J. AllergiesJ. Allergies

Who does what?Who does what?How did you do? Check your answers.How did you do? Check your answers.

1. Allergist1. Allergist 2. Gynecologist2. Gynecologist 3. Neurologist3. Neurologist 4. Urologist4. Urologist 5. Ophthalmologist5. Ophthalmologist 6. Dermatologist6. Dermatologist 7. Internist7. Internist 8. Oncologist8. Oncologist 9. Orthopedist9. Orthopedist 10. Rheumatologist10. Rheumatologist

J. AllergiesJ. Allergies E. Female reproductive concernsE. Female reproductive concerns I. Nervous system problemsI. Nervous system problems D. Urinary tract problemsD. Urinary tract problems H. Eye diseasesH. Eye diseases C. Skin diseasesC. Skin diseases G. Internal diseasesG. Internal diseases B. CancerB. Cancer F. Skeletal injuries or concernsF. Skeletal injuries or concerns A. Pain in joints or musclesA. Pain in joints or muscles


NursesNurses LPNs (licensed practical nurses) – assist LPNs (licensed practical nurses) – assist

physicians and provide direct care such as bathing physicians and provide direct care such as bathing or changing bandagesor changing bandages

RNs (registered nurses) – have more RNs (registered nurses) – have more responsibilities and may supervise RNsresponsibilities and may supervise RNs

Nurse practitioners – advance training allows them Nurse practitioners – advance training allows them to work independently of physicians, can assume to work independently of physicians, can assume primary care rolesprimary care roles


Allied Health Care ProfessionalsAllied Health Care Professionals Other auxiliary professionalsOther auxiliary professionals Examples include: dentists, physical therapists, clinical Examples include: dentists, physical therapists, clinical

psychologists, and otherspsychologists, and others

Can you think of any others?Can you think of any others?

Who does what?Who does what?Match the allied health care professional to area of expertise.Match the allied health care professional to area of expertise.

1. Dietitian1. Dietitian 2. Physical Therapist2. Physical Therapist 3. Optometrist3. Optometrist 4. Pharmacist4. Pharmacist 5. Dental hygienist5. Dental hygienist 6. Nurse’s aide6. Nurse’s aide 7. Social worker7. Social worker 8. Lab technician8. Lab technician 9. Radiology tech9. Radiology tech 10. EMT10. EMT

A. Cleaning and polishing teethA. Cleaning and polishing teeth B. Feeding & bathing patientsB. Feeding & bathing patients C. Counseling people C. Counseling people D. Nutritional counselingD. Nutritional counseling E. Testing urine and bloodE. Testing urine and blood F. Physical rehab after injury F. Physical rehab after injury G. Taking x-raysG. Taking x-rays H. Dispensing medicinesH. Dispensing medicines I. Emergency treatmentI. Emergency treatment J. Testing vision for eye glassesJ. Testing vision for eye glasses

Who does what?Who does what?How did you do? Check your answers.How did you do? Check your answers.

1. Dietitian1. Dietitian 2. Physical Therapist2. Physical Therapist 3. Optometrist3. Optometrist 4. Pharmacist4. Pharmacist 5. Dental hygienist5. Dental hygienist 6. Nurse’s aide6. Nurse’s aide 7. Social worker7. Social worker 8. Lab technician8. Lab technician 9. Radiology tech9. Radiology tech 10. EMT10. EMT

D. Nutritional counselingD. Nutritional counseling F. Physical rehab after injuryF. Physical rehab after injury J. Testing vision for eye glassesJ. Testing vision for eye glasses H. Dispensing medicinesH. Dispensing medicines A. Cleaning and polishing teethA. Cleaning and polishing teeth B. Feeding and bathing patientsB. Feeding and bathing patients C. Counseling peopleC. Counseling people E. Testing urine and bloodE. Testing urine and blood G. Taking x-raysG. Taking x-rays I. Emergency treatmentI. Emergency treatment

Ch 32 Lesson 1 AssignmentCh 32 Lesson 1 AssignmentExploring a Career in Health CareExploring a Career in Health Care

There are many careers available within the There are many careers available within the health care field. Using the MN Careers books health care field. Using the MN Careers books provided by the teacher, choose one that you provided by the teacher, choose one that you might possibly be interested in as a future might possibly be interested in as a future career.career.

Complete the worksheet and hand it in by the Complete the worksheet and hand it in by the due date given by the teacher. Note that in due date given by the teacher. Note that in order to earn full points for the project, you order to earn full points for the project, you will have to utilize another resource.will have to utilize another resource.

Health Care FacilitiesHealth Care Facilities(any place staffed by health care professionals and equipped (any place staffed by health care professionals and equipped

for the delivery of health services)for the delivery of health services)

Short-Term Short-Term HospitalsHospitals

Inpatient careInpatient care Outpatient careOutpatient care

ClinicsClinics Other typesOther types

Birthing centersBirthing centers Drug treatment centersDrug treatment centers

Long-TermLong-Term Nursing homesNursing homes Rehabilitation centersRehabilitation centers Assisted-living facilitiesAssisted-living facilities

Health InsuranceHealth Insurance

Definition – a plan to cover part or most costs of Definition – a plan to cover part or most costs of expenses and care associated with medical treatmentexpenses and care associated with medical treatment

Premiums – fees that are paid to maintain coverage Premiums – fees that are paid to maintain coverage (people with a higher risk of developing a health (people with a higher risk of developing a health problem may pay more)problem may pay more)

Deductible – the amount you must pay towards a Deductible – the amount you must pay towards a claim before your insurance starts to payclaim before your insurance starts to pay

Could be purchased from a group through employers Could be purchased from a group through employers or on your own privatelyor on your own privately


Reasons health care costs have soared in Reasons health care costs have soared in recent years:recent years: Wealthier countries can afford to spend more on Wealthier countries can afford to spend more on

health care technologieshealth care technologies The US population is getting older and disease The US population is getting older and disease

prevalence has changedprevalence has changed Insurance coverage has increased Insurance coverage has increased Americans pay a lower share of health expenses Americans pay a lower share of health expenses

than they used tothan they used to


2 alternative programs are provided by the 2 alternative programs are provided by the government:government: Medicare – health insurance program available to Medicare – health insurance program available to

people age 65 and over and to people who receive people age 65 and over and to people who receive Social Security disability benefitsSocial Security disability benefits

Medicaid – assistance program of medical aid for Medicaid – assistance program of medical aid for people of all ages who are unable to afford medical people of all ages who are unable to afford medical care care

Can You Meet the Objectives of Ch Can You Meet the Objectives of Ch 32 Lesson 1?32 Lesson 1?

Identify health care providers and examine Identify health care providers and examine careers in the field.careers in the field.

Explain the significance of health insurance Explain the significance of health insurance and the impact of rising costs.and the impact of rising costs.

Describe the four parts of the health care Describe the four parts of the health care system.system.

Ch 32 Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public Consumer Choices and Public

HealthHealth

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Being an Alert ConsumerBeing an Alert Consumer


Identify factors to consider when selecting a Identify factors to consider when selecting a health care plan.health care plan.

Discuss guidelines for choosing a health Discuss guidelines for choosing a health provider.provider.

Describe the responsibilities that a good Describe the responsibilities that a good patient assumes, including the purchase and patient assumes, including the purchase and use of medicines.use of medicines.

Choosing a Health PlanChoosing a Health Plan

Factors to consider:Factors to consider: CostCost

HMOs may have lower premiums but choice of doctors is limited HMOs may have lower premiums but choice of doctors is limited to those physicians affiliated with the planto those physicians affiliated with the plan

PPO’s are a type of health insurance in which medical providers PPO’s are a type of health insurance in which medical providers agree to charge less to members of the planagree to charge less to members of the plan

Special NeedsSpecial Needs Certain conditions or treatments may not be covered or they may Certain conditions or treatments may not be covered or they may

have ceilings (limits)have ceilings (limits)

EligibilityEligibility May be limited by affiliation (ex - professional org or who your May be limited by affiliation (ex - professional org or who your

employer is associated with)employer is associated with)

2 Main Forms of Health Insurance2 Main Forms of Health Insurance

Fee-for-serviceFee-for-service Patient pays for all medical expenses up to a certain minimum amount Patient pays for all medical expenses up to a certain minimum amount

(deductible)(deductible) When deductible is met, the insurance company covers a percentage of the When deductible is met, the insurance company covers a percentage of the

patient’s cost (often 80%)patient’s cost (often 80%) The portion the patient must still pay is called co-insuranceThe portion the patient must still pay is called co-insurance Patient often pays fees up front and sends in forms for reimbursementPatient often pays fees up front and sends in forms for reimbursement Patients can usually go to doctor of choicePatients can usually go to doctor of choice

Managed careManaged care Plans hold down costs by limiting patient’s choices and encouraging Plans hold down costs by limiting patient’s choices and encouraging

preventative carepreventative care HMOs require patients to choose doctors from a limited poolHMOs require patients to choose doctors from a limited pool May not cover certain types of care (ex. Mental health)May not cover certain types of care (ex. Mental health) Patient pays small fixed fee (co-payment) for each visit with less paperworkPatient pays small fixed fee (co-payment) for each visit with less paperwork Out of pocket expenses tend to be lower than fee-for-service typesOut of pocket expenses tend to be lower than fee-for-service types

Could you afford to pay the Could you afford to pay the typical costs for common medical typical costs for common medical

services without insurance?services without insurance?

Let’s play the “Price is Right.”Let’s play the “Price is Right.”Guess the following prices…Guess the following prices…

How much does each cost?How much does each cost?

Routine physical in doctor’s office (visit, Routine physical in doctor’s office (visit, common tests, and immunizationscommon tests, and immunizations

Female examFemale exam Care for injury in emergency roomCare for injury in emergency room Average MRIAverage MRI Normal delivery of babyNormal delivery of baby C-Section delivery of baby without C-Section delivery of baby without

complicationscomplications

How close was your guess?How close was your guess?

Adult routine physical in doctor’s office (visit, Adult routine physical in doctor’s office (visit, common tests, and immunizations…$180-220common tests, and immunizations…$180-220

Female exam……………………….$175-230Female exam……………………….$175-230 Care for injury in emergency room...$580-700Care for injury in emergency room...$580-700 Average MRI……………………..$500-1,300Average MRI……………………..$500-1,300 Normal delivery of baby…………$7600-8800Normal delivery of baby…………$7600-8800 C-Section delivery of baby without C-Section delivery of baby without

complications……………………$9400-10600complications……………………$9400-10600

Choosing a Health Care ProviderChoosing a Health Care Provider

Brainstorm how you would find a new doctor Brainstorm how you would find a new doctor if you had moved to a new city after high if you had moved to a new city after high schoolschool Ask people you know for referrals.Ask people you know for referrals. Ask other health professionals for referrals.Ask other health professionals for referrals. Call your local medical society – they will provide Call your local medical society – they will provide

three names chosen in rotation from a roster.three names chosen in rotation from a roster. Use an American Medical Directory from a Use an American Medical Directory from a

library.library.

Patient SkillsPatient Skills

Know your medical history (information about Know your medical history (information about immunizations, allergies, previous health immunizations, allergies, previous health problems, family history, etc.)problems, family history, etc.)

Ask questions about medical procedures and Ask questions about medical procedures and treatmentstreatments

Follow up on visits as neededFollow up on visits as needed Follow instructions, read labels and Follow instructions, read labels and

comparison shop for OTC (over the counter) comparison shop for OTC (over the counter) and prescription drugsand prescription drugs


Identify factors to consider when selecting a Identify factors to consider when selecting a health care plan.health care plan.

Discuss guidelines for choosing health care Discuss guidelines for choosing health care providers.providers.

Discuss responsibilities that a good patient Discuss responsibilities that a good patient assumes, including the purchase and use of assumes, including the purchase and use of prescriptions.prescriptions.

Ch 32Ch 32Consumer Choices and Public Consumer Choices and Public

HealthHealth

Lesson 3Lesson 3

Strategies for Dealing with Consumer Strategies for Dealing with Consumer ProblemsProblems


Identify popular types Identify popular types of product and treatment of product and treatment fraud.fraud.

Identify agencies and Identify agencies and organizations that exist organizations that exist to help health to help health consumers with fraud.consumers with fraud.

Medical FraudMedical Fraud

It is illegal to make false It is illegal to make false claims, promising a claims, promising a medicine or medical medicine or medical treatment can do something treatment can do something that it cannot do.that it cannot do.

Quackery is a type of Quackery is a type of medical fraud that plays on medical fraud that plays on human emotion, weakness, human emotion, weakness, and fear.and fear.

Quacks are people who try Quacks are people who try to make money off of other to make money off of other people’s misfortune.people’s misfortune.

Watch out for claims like this:Watch out for claims like this:

““Secret formula or cure”Secret formula or cure” ““Miracle cure”Miracle cure” ““Overnight results”Overnight results” ““All naturalAll natural ““Hurry, this offer Hurry, this offer

expires soon”expires soon” A famous person swears A famous person swears

by it (testimonial)by it (testimonial)

Protect yourself from health Protect yourself from health fraud by: fraud by:

Checking out the product or service’s claims Checking out the product or service’s claims with a doctor or other health professionalwith a doctor or other health professional

Talking to others for their opinionsTalking to others for their opinions Checking with the Better Business Bureau Checking with the Better Business Bureau

about complaintsabout complaints Checking with a professional health Checking with a professional health

organization about the claim organization about the claim

True or False?True or False?

Because of government regulations, all advertising Because of government regulations, all advertising must be accurate.must be accurate.

FalseFalse Many products praise an item by using inflated Many products praise an item by using inflated

opinions and exaggerations called puffery. Puffery opinions and exaggerations called puffery. Puffery isn’t illegal because the words can’t be proven false isn’t illegal because the words can’t be proven false (or true) by the Federal Trade Commission.(or true) by the Federal Trade Commission.

“…“…3 out of 4 doctors recommend…” – How many 3 out of 4 doctors recommend…” – How many were surveyed?were surveyed?

““----- gives fast relief.” - How fast?----- gives fast relief.” - How fast?

Help for Consumer ProblemsHelp for Consumer Problems Licensing BoardsLicensing Boards

AMA (American Medical Association) peer reviews physiciansAMA (American Medical Association) peer reviews physicians Consumer Affairs BureausConsumer Affairs Bureaus

BBB (Better Business Bureau) – nonprofit organization provides information BBB (Better Business Bureau) – nonprofit organization provides information on products and services, reliability reports, and background information on on products and services, reliability reports, and background information on businesses and organizationsbusinesses and organizations

Media Action ProgramsMedia Action Programs Newspapers, radio, and TV offer action groups or phone-in servicesNewspapers, radio, and TV offer action groups or phone-in services

Private Consumer GroupsPrivate Consumer Groups Advocates speak out for othersAdvocates speak out for others

Government ServicesGovernment Services Consumer Product Safety Commission – can ban and recall productsConsumer Product Safety Commission – can ban and recall products Consumer Information Center – distributes consumer informationConsumer Information Center – distributes consumer information Food and Drug Administration – ensures that medicines are safe, effective and Food and Drug Administration – ensures that medicines are safe, effective and

labeled correctly, determines if a med should be OTC or prescriptionlabeled correctly, determines if a med should be OTC or prescription Federal Trade Commission – prevents unfair, false, or deceptive advertisingFederal Trade Commission – prevents unfair, false, or deceptive advertising

Lesson 3 ActivityLesson 3 Activity

The teacher will provide you with 3 activity The teacher will provide you with 3 activity options. Choose one option and be prepared to options. Choose one option and be prepared to report your findings to the class on the report your findings to the class on the assigned date. You will be asked to hand in a assigned date. You will be asked to hand in a hard copy of your findings as well.hard copy of your findings as well.

Lesson 3 Activity OptionsLesson 3 Activity Options 1. Go online to find an example of health or medical fraud 1. Go online to find an example of health or medical fraud

being reported by an organization, newspaper, or other source. being reported by an organization, newspaper, or other source. Share the news with the class. Share the news with the class.

2. Read any one of the numerous articles found at 2. Read any one of the numerous articles found at quackwatch.com and summarize what you found with the quackwatch.com and summarize what you found with the class.class.

3. Go to one of these government sites and investigate a 3. Go to one of these government sites and investigate a health related topic they have addressed that is of interest to health related topic they have addressed that is of interest to you. It does not have to be fraud related but it should be a you. It does not have to be fraud related but it should be a consumer health issue. Share your findings with the class:consumer health issue. Share your findings with the class: Consumer Product Safety CommissionConsumer Product Safety Commission Consumer Information CenterConsumer Information Center Food and Drug AdministrationFood and Drug Administration Federal Trade CommissionFederal Trade Commission

Lesson 3 Activity RubricLesson 3 Activity Rubric

5 points for the article5 points for the article Relates to a health related issueRelates to a health related issue Relates to one of the three activity optionsRelates to one of the three activity options Article was handed in on time with a name on itArticle was handed in on time with a name on it

5 points for student sharing article in class5 points for student sharing article in class Accurate verbal summary of article providedAccurate verbal summary of article provided Shared personal insights about topic with classShared personal insights about topic with class


Identify popular types of product and Identify popular types of product and treatment fraud.treatment fraud.

Identify agencies and organizations that exist Identify agencies and organizations that exist to help health consumers with fraud.to help health consumers with fraud.

Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public HealthPublic Health

Lesson 4Lesson 4

Community HealthCommunity Health


Identify public health agencies and their Identify public health agencies and their functionsfunctions

Practice accessing agencies in order to find Practice accessing agencies in order to find pertinent informationpertinent information

Public Health AgenciesPublic Health Agencies

Public Health at the Local LevelPublic Health at the Local Level March of Dimes or American Lung Assoc March of Dimes or American Lung Assoc

(examples)(examples) Usually run by local volunteers and funded through Usually run by local volunteers and funded through

donationsdonations Common goals – educating public, raising funds for Common goals – educating public, raising funds for

research or treatmentresearch or treatment County and state health departments – may pass County and state health departments – may pass

regulations to set standards for sanitation in regulations to set standards for sanitation in restaurants, compile health statistics, and control restaurants, compile health statistics, and control environmental pollutionenvironmental pollution

Public Health AgenciesPublic Health Agencies

Public Health at the National LevelPublic Health at the National Level National Institutes of Health (NIH)National Institutes of Health (NIH) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

(CDC)(CDC) The Agency for Health Care Policy and ResearchThe Agency for Health Care Policy and Research The Health Resources and Services AdministrationThe Health Resources and Services Administration The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease

RegistryRegistry

Ch 32 Lesson 4 ActivityCh 32 Lesson 4 ActivityLearning to Find and Use Reliable Learning to Find and Use Reliable

Sources of Health InformationSources of Health Information Use the handout provided by the teacher to visit 2 Use the handout provided by the teacher to visit 2

websites, “The National Institutes of Health” and websites, “The National Institutes of Health” and “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”. “The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”. Learn what valuable information they make available Learn what valuable information they make available to health consumers.to health consumers.

Written results will be handed in for 20 points and Written results will be handed in for 20 points and volunteers will be asked to share their findings.volunteers will be asked to share their findings.

Due date _______________Due date _______________

Chapter EvaluationChapter Evaluation

Students will take a 20 point exam on the Students will take a 20 point exam on the information covered in Chapter 32.information covered in Chapter 32.

There will be 10 points in matching questions There will be 10 points in matching questions and 10 true and false questions.and 10 true and false questions.

The teacher will let you know what day the The teacher will let you know what day the test will be given.test will be given.


Identify public health agencies and their Identify public health agencies and their functions.functions.

Practice accessing agencies in order to find Practice accessing agencies in order to find pertinent information.pertinent information.

Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public Health Lesson 1 Selecting Health Care and Services.

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Transcript of Ch 32 Consumer Choices and Public Health Lesson 1 Selecting Health Care and Services.