Ch. 28 Reproductive Part I
Transcript of Ch. 28 Reproductive Part I
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L . D . R E Y N O L D S , M . D .
CHAPTER 28:
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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WE WILL DISCUSS
Function Male
Anatomy Physiology
Female Anatomy Physiology
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FUNCTIONS
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FUNCTIONS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Produce
Gametes Fertilization
Place of
OrganismDevelopment
Provide
OffspringNourishment
Produce
ReproductiveHormones
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MALE ANATOMY
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MALE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES
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ANATOMY OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Scrotum Sac that contains the
testes; separated by raphe
Dartos muscle (smoothmuscles that is apart of
superficial fascia)&Cremaster muscle (skeletalmuscle extention of ofabdominal muscles) helpregulate temp.
Perineum
Anterior Border: pubicsymphysis Posterior Border: coccyx Lateral borders: ischial
tuberosities
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TESTES
Small, oval organs that liewithin the scrotum
Both exocrine and endocrine Exocrine: sperm Endocrine: testosterone
Surrounded by tough fibroustunica albuginea Septa divide testes internally into
lobules
Lobules contain seminiferous tubules: make sperm Interstitial (Leydig): secrete
testosterone
Seminiferous tubules tubulirecti rete testis efferentductules
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Seminiferous tubule = 2 cell types
Sustentacular (sertoli) cells: provide nourishment & form Blood Testis BarrierGerm cells: divide to make sperm
Testosterone binds receptors in Sertoli cells
Sertoli cells
Some testosterone dihydrotestosterone & estrogenRelease androgen binding protein into seminiferous tubules
Development of germ cells into sperm
Mitosis spermatogonia / 1 spermatocytesMeiosis I 2 spermatocytesMeiosis II spermatidsSpermiogenesismature sperm (spermatozoan) w/ head (acrosome) &tail
SPERM
ATOGE
NESIS
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SPERMA
TOGEN
ESIS
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DUCTS
Epididymis 3 parts (head, body, tail) that form comma shape on surface of testis Has stereociliated duct (duct of epididymis) that runs within
Between efferent ductules and ductus deferens Site of final sperm maturation
Ductus Deferens (Vas Deferens) From tail end of duct of epididymis through inguinal canal to
ejaculatory duct
Apart of spermatic cord Also contains spermatic artery, venous plexus, lymphatics, nerves, coverings
Contains smooth muscle
peristalsis propels sperm
Ejaculatory Duct Ductus deferens + seminal vesicles Enters Urethra
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URETHRA
Passage for urine andsemen
3 parts that run frombladder through penis tooutside Prostatic:
Between bladder &membranous urethra
Receives secretions ofprostate gland andejaculatory ducts
Membranous: Between Prostatic & Spongy
Urethra Through perineum
Spongy: Goes trough penis to outside
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PENIS
Male organ ofcopulation
2 columns of erectiletissue that become
engorged with blood(erection) 2 dorsal columns =
corpus cavernosa 1 ventral column =
corpus spongiosum Contains spongy urethra
Prepuce = foreskincovering
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ACCESSORY GLANDS
Seminal vesicles Empty into ejaculatory duct Produce about 60% of semen Secretion contains fibrinogen High pH
Prostate gland Produces about 30% of semen Thin, milky secretion, high pH Contain clotting factors, and fibrinolysin
Bulbourethral glands Contribute about 5% to semen Releases mucous secretion just before ejaculation Helps neutralize pH of female vagina
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SEMEN
Semen = sperm + accessory gland secretions Urethral mucosa produces mucus Emission: discharge of semen into prostatic urethra Ejaculation: expulsion of semen from urethra
Caused by peristalsis
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MALE PHYSIOLOGY
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FUNCTIONS OF TESTOSTERONE
Development of
Male Structures
Development of2 Sex
Characteristics
Maintenance of
Spermatogenesis
Regulation of
GonadotropinSecretion
Behavior
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FEMALE ANATOMY
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MAMMARY GLANDS
Organs of milkproductionlocated in thebreast
Breast suspendedfrom chest wall
via suspensoryligaments
Alveoli lobule lobelactiferous (sinus)duct Myoepithelial
cells: in lactatingwomen; help withmilk ejection