Ch 21 Sec 1 - isd2184.net world... · Sec-on%3:%Central%European%Monarchs%Clash%...
Transcript of Ch 21 Sec 1 - isd2184.net world... · Sec-on%3:%Central%European%Monarchs%Clash%...
Unit 5 Absolu-sm to Revolu-on Chapter 21
Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500-‐1800
Sec-on 1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolu-sm Sec-on 2: The Reign of Louis XIV Sec-on 3: Central European Monarchs Clash Sec-on 4: Absolute Rulers of Russia Sec-on 5 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Unit 5 Absolu-sm to Revolu-on Chapter 22 Enlightenment and Revolu-on
Skip Chapter 23: The French Revolu-on & Napoleon
Sec-on 1: The French Revolu-on Begins Sec-on 2: Revolu-on brings Reform Sec-on 3: Napoleon forges an Empire Sec-on 4: Napoleon’s Empire collapses Sec-on 5: The Congress of Vienna
Ch 21 Sec 1 : Spain’s Empire and European Absolu-sm
Powerful Spanish Empire
§ Charles V § Hapsburg Family § Holy Roman Emperor § Inherited Spain § Devote Catholic but agreed to Peace of Augsburg
§ Allows German Princes to choose the religion of their territory
§ Ferdinand (Charles V brother) gets Austria and Holy Roman Empire
§ Philip II (Charles V son) gets Spain, Netherlands and American Colonies
Ch 21 Sec 1 : Spain’s Empire and European Absolu-sm
Powerful Spanish Empire
§ Philip II (Charles V son) gets Spain, Netherlands and American Colonies
§ Deeply religious, shy and hard working § 1580 Portugal king died without heir. Philip was kings nephew so he seized Portugal. § Huge wealth (Spain and Portugal)
§ 339,000 lbs of gold § 16,000 tons of silver § King claims between 20 to 25% of treasure as the royal share. § Affords a big army (50,000 soldiers)
Ch 21 Sec 1 : Spain’s Empire and European Absolu-sm
Powerful Spanish Empire
§ Philip II (Charles V son) gets Spain, Netherlands and American Colonies
§ Deeply religious, shy and hard working § Religious wars caused by the Reforma-on. § Philip believes it is his duty to defend Catholicism against the Muslims and Protestants. § Pope calls for Catholics to take up arms against the Oboman Turks. § Philip also launched the Spanish Armada in an abempt to punish Protestant England and Queen Elizabeth I.
§ His fleet is defeated § Spain’s military strength is weaken, but s-ll has $$$$$
Ch 21 Sec 1: Spain’s Empire and European
Absolu-sm
Spanish Empire Weakens § Taxes and Infla-on
§ Spain’s popula-on had grown and supply and demand causes rising prices § Silver floods the market and its value dropped.
§ Spain expelled Jews and Moors (Muslims) § It lost valuable businessmen
§ Nobles don’t pay taxes! § Lower classes are taxed to death and never develop a middle class, because the Government is taxing them to death, while the rich are gejng richer!
Ch 21 Sec 1: Spain’s Empire and European
Absolu-sm • Dutch revolt
• Spanish armies keep Dutch under control • Lible in common with Spanish • Catholic vs Calvinism • Spanish sluggish economy vs Dutch prosperous middle class
• Philip raised taxes in the Netherlands and tried to crush the Protestants. • In one day 1,500 Protestants killed (Dutch) 1568
Ch 21 Sec 1: Spain’s Empire and European
Absolu-sm
Dutch Revolt § 1579 seven northern provinces of the Netherlands declare independence from Spain (Protestant) § Ten southern provinces remain under Spanish control (present day Belgium) and Catholic
Ch 21 Sec 1: Spain’s Empire and European
Absolu-sm
Dutch Prosper § 1600’s Netherlands becomes the Florence (Italy) of the 1400’s § Rembrandt
§ Dutch ar-st § Indoor sejngs
§ Amsterdam and other Dutch ci-es grow in wealth § 4,800 ships in 1636 § Dutch East India Company dominate Asian Spice trade
Ch 21 Sec 1: Spain’s Empire and European
Absolu-sm
Absolu-sm in Europe u Absolute Monarchs = hold all the power within
states u Control every aspect of society u Regulate everything from religious worship to social
gatherings u Divine Right of Kings = idea that God created
the monarchy & the monarch acted as God’s representa-ve on earth u Go against king = go against God u GREATLY INCREASES POWER OF KINGS