Ch 20 1 Electric Charge & Static Electricity
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Transcript of Ch 20 1 Electric Charge & Static Electricity
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Electric Charge & Static Electric Charge & Static Electricity 20.1Electricity 20.1
Chapter 20 ElectricityChapter 20 Electricity
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What produces a net What produces a net electric charge?electric charge?
• Electric Charge = property that causes subatomic particles such
as protons and electrons to attract or repel each other
• Protons have positive charge (+)
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What produces a net What produces a net electric charge?electric charge?
• Electrons have negative charge (-)Electrons have negative charge (-)
• Ex. Electric charge = lightning bolt Ex. Electric charge = lightning bolt or static clingor static cling
• An XS or Shortage of electrons produces a net electric charge- ions
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What determines whether an What determines whether an electric force is attractive or electric force is attractive or repulsive?repulsive?
• Electric Force = the attraction or repulsion between electrically
charged objects • Like charges repel
• Opposite charges attract• Double electric charge will
double the electric force• In an atom Electric forces are
stronger than gravity = chemical bond
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What determines the strength of What determines the strength of an electric field?an electric field?
• Electric fieldElectric field = is the space around = is the space around an object with an electric chargean object with an electric charge
• The strength of an electric field The strength of an electric field depends on:depends on:
• The amount of charge that The amount of charge that produces the fieldproduces the field
• On the distance from the chargeOn the distance from the charge
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What are three ways in which What are three ways in which charge is transferred?charge is transferred?
• Charges can be transferred byCharges can be transferred by • Friction = Ex. Rub balloon on Friction = Ex. Rub balloon on
hair… Hair gives up Electron hair… Hair gives up Electron becoming (+) and balloon (-)becoming (+) and balloon (-)
• Contact = Van de Graff Contact = Van de Graff Generator — a charged metal Generator — a charged metal
sphere causes hair to repel each sphere causes hair to repel each otherother
• By Induction = Ex. When you By Induction = Ex. When you walk across a carpet & touch walk across a carpet & touch
door knob get a shock…door knob get a shock…
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How does a static How does a static discharge occur?discharge occur?
• Static discharge is the shock you Static discharge is the shock you feel when you touch a door knob.feel when you touch a door knob.• Static discharge occurs when a Static discharge occurs when a pathway through which a charge pathway through which a charge
can move forms suddenly.can move forms suddenly.• When the gap between door and When the gap between door and
finger is small. finger is small. • Lightning is the same but more Lightning is the same but more
dramaticdramatic