Ch 16 - ecologism (shallow)
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Transcript of Ch 16 - ecologism (shallow)
Chapter 16
Ecologism Introduction
Relationship between humans & nature?
Motivated by Environmental Crises
○ Climate change, pollution, resource
depletion, species decline/loss, & nuclear
weapons
Deep Ecology (Ecologism) vs. Shallow
Ecology (Environmentalism)
Carolina Parakeet
cocklebur
Shallow Ecology:
Environmentalism
Human Centered
Matters because of impact on humans
○ Operates from self-interest
Enlightenment View
Compatible with other ideologies
Why Humans Should Care:
Water Water Pollution:
Drinking Water
Cost of purification
Poisoning fish as food supply
Water for agriculture
Why Humans Should Care: Air
Pollution
Poor air quality human
health problems
Asthma, etc.
Acid rain
Direct physical damage
Spreads to water & soil
Why Humans Should Care:
Soil Pollution
Runoff to water
Harms crops
Uninhabitable areas
Homes & commercial development
○ London Olympic Park
Why Humans Should Care:
Biodiversity Loss
Plants possible sources for medicine
Biodiversity loss disrupts ecological
balance
Due to: habitat loss; overconsumption;
pollutants
Invasive species crowd out/kill off native
plants & animals
○ Light, water, food, toxins
Ex: see pix
Invasives Disrupt “Energy
Circuit” Interdependence of biosphere:
EX1: Clean streams need plants on banks
EX2: Seed dispersal ○ Squirrels & Oaks
○ Giant Ground Sloth & “Hedge Apples”
Impact on one impacts the other
Why Should I Care About
Biodiversity Loss? Loss of tourism & commercial $
Ex: Asian Carp--TN ($1.3 billion annually)
Ex: “weed” trees not functional
Harms farmers & hunters
Ex: crowding out forage grasses
Ex: “Small Game”—Native Grasses
Private/public cost of removal
/replacement
Invasive Species: Stopping
(Plant) Immigration
Lack of coordination
○ Ex: Ky Highway Dept used invasive plants
Public & private spending to remove
List of highly invasive species (Link;
KDF Link; UK Link)
○ Lowes, Wal-Mart, Home Depot, etc.
Hardin: Tragedy of the
Commons In the example of public grazing land, is
it in a rationally self interested
herdsman’s interest to increase the size
of his flock that is grazing on the public
land? Why or why not?
If there are multiple herdsmen, is it in
their self-interest to reduce their impact
on the common land considering others
might be maximizing its use?
The Tragedy Continued
Thus, prisoner’s dilemma game
Short term interest to maximize use of public
good before others use up that good
○ Resource depletion
○ Justifies need for societal regulation
Cooperate Defect
Cooperate 3, 3 0, 5
Defect 5, 0 1, 1
Summary
Shallow Ecology built on rational self-
interest