Ch 14 Sec 1 "Reform in Western Culture"
Transcript of Ch 14 Sec 1 "Reform in Western Culture"
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Reform in Western Culture
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Glue in New Government Ideas
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Socialism
• Government ownership of business• Rather than competition, wanted a classless
society in which everyone cooperated for the common good
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1. Utopian socialist: believed that people were the products of their environment
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2. Christian socialist: tried to combine a form of Christianity with socialism
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Marxism
• Designed by Karl Marx and his friend Friedrich Engels
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• Wrote the Communist Manifesto
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• Wanted the proletariat (laborers) to unite against the bourgeoisie (capitalists)
• Establish communism: common ownership of property
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Glue in New Movements
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Movements:
1. Woman’s suffrage• The 19th Amendment in the US gave women
the right to vote• In 1920
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2. Temperance Movement
• Temperance – drinking in moderation• Abstinence – no drinking of alcohol• Women’s Christian Temperance Union was to
educate the public regarding the evils of alcohol
• 18th Amendment makes manufacture, sale and transportation of alcohol illegal
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Glue in New Reform in Britain
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Reform in Britain
• Corn Laws– Allowed merchants to import cheaper grain and
lowered the cost of food for everyone
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• Reform Bill of 1832– Allowed middle class to vote (not the working
class)
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• Reform Act of 1867– Designed by prime minister Benjamin Disraeli– Allowed all male homeowners to vote
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• Parliament Bill of 1911– Established the House of Commons as more
powerful than House of Lords
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Hatred of Jews
• Anti-Semitism – hostility toward Jews
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Dreyfus Affair
• Alfred Dreyfus was a Jew in France
• Accused of passing military secrets to the Germans
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• Convicted and sentenced to life on Devil’s Island